Away from gunshots in Valley, they build a future

Mumbai, June 6 — Kausaruddin Najjar is sure that had he continued living in Kashmir he would have been waylaid by militants or picked up by the army on suspicion. The 21-year-old native of Phulwama in Jammu and Kashmir now stays in Pune where he is pursuing a degree in Commerce.

Najjar is among the several young boys and girls who have left the violence of the valley to come to Maharashtra’s education capital where, they say, the environment is conducive to studies. “Strikes are so frequent in J&K that even teachers don’t come to school regularly and our studies get affected,” said another student, Noor Mohammed Basu.

One of these students, Abu Khan (name changed), was one kidnapped by militants back home. He is now going to the US to complete a post-graduate diploma in media studies.

NGOs based in Maharashtra, the first state to reserve seats in colleges for students from the valley, help students like Khan and Najjar get away from militancy and pursue academics. “Generally, Kashmir is selling point [for tourism] and people only know about the stunning scenery and the extremism there.

But nobody wants to do anything for the children there,” said Sanjay Nahar of Sarhad, an NGO that has adopted and educated more than 105 children from J&K since its inception in 1997. Sarhad also facilitated a Memorandum of Understanding between the Srinagar Municipal Corporation and Pune Municipal Corporation for an exchange of ideas on civic issues.

Other Pune NGOs, Jnana Prabhodini and Borderless World Foundation, are also working with Kashmiri youth. Sarang Gosavi of Jnana Prabhodini said, “When we first showed children in Kupwara, Badgoan and Bijbihara a computer in 2003 they mistook it for a television.

” Gosavi said the aim is to bridge the gap between J&K and other states. “We want to bring them into the mainstream.

” Some children who undertook computer training from Jnana Prabhodini are now teaching computers at Anantanag University and are also part of the government-run Sarva Siksha Abhiyaan. Stories from the valley Zahid Bhatt He almost picked up a gun I have seen the blood,” said 16-year-old Zahid Bhatt, who grew up in Badgoan.

Bhatt, whose father rears sheep for a living, understood the meaning of terrorism at the tender age of eight. He always said he wanted to become a terrorist.

“They [the army and police] used to trouble the villagers and harass them for no fault of theirs,” Bhatt recalled. “They would abuse them and beat them mercilessly.

I could not tolerate this and would think I could stop this only if I had a gun.” Schools were bad, Bhatt said, and he lost interest in studies.

His parents, concerned about his way of thinking, sent him to Sarhad in Pune. Bhatt recently took his Class 10 examination.

And his ambitions have undergone a sea change too. “I want to enter politics,” he said.

“I am sure one day I will become Chief Minister.” Ateq Khan (name changed) Decided to leave home Eighteen-year-old Ateq Khan (name changed) grew up in an atmosphere of extremism.

His father was a militant and he took young Khan to terrorist training camps with him. His father was killed in 2004.

A resident of Anantanag, Khan decided to leave the Valley and come to Pune, Maharashtra’s education capital, three years ago. That decision saved him from becoming a terrorist, he said.

Khan has now completed Class 10. He enjoys theatre and wants to be an actor some day.

Aslam Khan (name changed) He is heading to America Thirty year old Aslam Khan (name changed) said he never thought he would get an opportunity to go to the United States of America. Khan is leaving for the USA on Monday to pursue a postgraduate diploma in media studies.

Life would have been different for Khan if would not have shown his valour 15 years ago when he was abducted by militants in Kashmir. Khan, the son of a religious leader, grabbed an opportunity to escape and returned home from the terrorist training camp.

Legal and institutional issues linked to asteroid threats to Earth

Washington, March 13 (ANI): The Secure World Foundation (SWF) has released the findings of a group of international experts that examines the legal and institutional issues linked to potential future threats posed by Near Earth Object (NEO) threats, like asteroids, to Earth.

The findings presented to the UN were the result of a workshop organized earlier this year by Secure World Foundation in coordination with the Association of Space Explorers and the Regional Centre for Space Science and Technology Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (CRECTEALC).

The meeting was hosted by the Mexican Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Mexico City.

An interdisciplinary group, including asteroid tracking specialists, space scientists, former astronauts, United Nations authorities, and disaster management, risk psychology and warning communication experts gathered to take part in the seminal workshop held January 18-20 in Mexico City.

“The Mexico City workshop provided a major step forward in our thinking about the needed components of an information, analysis, and warning network for asteroids,” said Dr. Ray A. Williamson, Executive Director of Secure World Foundation.

“The workshop findings should go a long way toward providing the basis for such a network,” he said.

Participants in the workshop considered a series of scenarios – hypothetical situations designed to highlight the challenges and problems that a future Information Analysis and Warning Network (IAWN) providing global warning and technical analysis would encounter in dealing with an Earth-threatening asteroid.

A report prepared by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, titled – Legal Aspects of NEO Threat Response and Related Institutional Issues – raises several issues regarding potential future NEOs threats.

The report makes note of three central conclusions.

The first is that developments in space science and space technology have made it possible to predict with some accuracy (and sometimes decades in advance) whether a NEO may present a serious threat.

The second is that developments have also made it possible in many cases to undertake successful efforts to minimize the chance of actual collision with the Earth.

The third is that an international framework for dealing with such issues is conspicuously missing, which may lead to unnecessary risks of NEO threats resulting in potentially catastrophic damage.

The legal and institutional report advises that there is need for more comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the key legal and institutional issues involved in future international NEO threat mitigation, “preferably prior to the first occasion of an actual serious NEO threat arising.” (ANI)

US military to boost satellite monitoring programme to avoid space smash-up

London, April 1 (ANI): The US military is planning to boost the number of satellites it routinely monitors for the risk of a smash-up with orbiting debris, like the recent collision between a US communications satellite and a defunct Russian probe.

The US Air Force has catalogued more than 19,000 pieces of space debris larger than 10 centimetres across, General Robert Kehler, Commander of Air Force Space Command, told New Scientist.

But, despite the extensive catalogue, the military does not have the ability to calculate the risk this space junk poses to every operational satellite.

“We keep that catalogue up to date, but we do not watch everything for collision purposes all the time,” Kehler said.

“We’re limited by computing and we’re limited by analytical wherewithal, both of which we are now going to increase in the near-term so that we can expand the population of satellites that we can perform routine collision avoidance assessments on,” he added.

The exact number of satellites the Air Force will aim to routinely screen for the risk of collision is unclear.

“We want to stay away from numbers and specifics right now,” Andy Roake, a spokesperson for Air Force Space Command, told New Scientist.

But, another official has put the target at 800 maneuverable satellites by October 1.

There are no details yet on how the effort would be funded or how much it might cost, according to an Air Force official.

That would put the Air Force close to a complete survey of the risk to space probes.

Some 900 operational satellites currently orbit the Earth, according to data compiled by the Union of Concerned Scientists.

“It’s absolutely a step in the right direction,” said Brian Weeden, a technical consultant for the Secure World Foundation and a former orbital analyst at the US Strategic Command’s Joint Space Operations Center.

“Boosting the number of satellites that are routinely watched may reduce the chance of collisions, but only if satellite operators are notified and given the information they need to determine whether to move the satellite,” he added. (ANI)