Braless Rihanna shows off pierced nipples in New York

Melbourne, Sept 18 (ANI): Rihanna has flaunted her pierced nipple whilst out and about in the Big Apple.

Hitting the streets yesterday in denim shorts, hooded cardigan and a see through black top- showing off a silver nipple ring, the singer seemed embracing the Janet Jackson Super Bowl look, reports The Daily Telegraph.

Meanwhile, her ex-beau Chris Brown has started community service for assaulting her.

He was snapped picking up rubbish.

Brown has to complete 180 days community service for the attack and will also be on probation for the next five years. (ANI)

New e-nose can reveal smokers without need for blood, urine tests

London, September 16 (ANI): An electronic nose foil some people’s attempt to deceive their doctors by telling them that they are non-smokers, in order to get cheaper life insurance.

Paul Thomas at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, has revealed that their invention is a tweaked form of a commercially available e-nose.

The researcher says that it can detect the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the breath of a person who had smoked a cigarette.

The e-nose uses an array of 32 sensors whose electrical resistance changes as different VOCs are detected.

During a test, the researchers could correctly identified 37 out of 39 volunteers as either smokers or non-smokers relying upon on the resultant “smellprint”.

Based on their observations, the team came to the conclusion that such e-noses could quickly and reliably reveal smokers without the need for a blood or urine test.

The current method of measuring the carbon monoxide content of exhaled breath to confirm smoking activity picks up a smoker for only a few hours after their last cigarette.

It is even prone to error because it cannot tell whether carbon monoxide in the breath came from other sources such as traffic exhaust fumes.

Insurers are very interested in whether a person applying for health or life insurance smokes – for obvious reasons.

“Some insurance providers don’t ask questions about smoking at all, while others ask the question on an application form but do not require a test as the applicant is expected to answer the question honestly,” New Scientist magazine quoted Kelly Ostler-Coyle, of the Association of British Insurers, as saying.

By making the test simple and reliable, an e-nose could provide doctors with the truth in minutes, according to the researchers.

They, however, admit that their system needs further testing to prove its worth.

“This e-nose idea, whilst of interest, will require larger-scale trials to demonstrate clinical efficacy and patient acceptability before it can be considered for use,” says a spokesman for the UK Department of Health.

A research article describing the innovation has been published in the Journal of Breath Research. (ANI)

Taller people are happier than shorter ones

London, Sept 9 (ANI): Taller people are much happier with their lives than shorter peers, says a new study by U.S. academics.

The research published in science journal Elsevier’s Economics and Human Biology claimed people of greater height ‘live better lives’ on average, as they are better equipped to deal with life’s problems compared to their vertically challenged counterparts and they possess more of a positive outlook.

To reach the conclusion, scientists interviewed around 454,065 American adults, asking them all to detail their height, their emotions and where they saw themselves on an “imaginary life ladder.”

From analyses, boffins found that taller people reported a range of positive emotions such as enjoyment and happiness than shorter people in the survey, reports The Daily Express.

Men who reported that their lives were the ‘worst possible’ were more than eight tenths of an inch (2cm) shorter than the average man.

Women who saw themselves ‘on the bottom step’ were shorter than the average woman by half an inch (1.3cm).

However, not everything was rosy for leggier participants.

The taller you are, the more likely you are to experience stress and anger, whilst tall women have a tendency to over-worry, the study found. (ANI)

Mishap Mondays blamed on hangovers

London, Sept 8 (ANI): Most domestic accidents happen on a Monday – thanks to hangovers.

And the mishaps include starting fires with hair straighteners, letting a bath overflow and spilling hot drinks on to laptop computers.

According to data for the last three years published by Halifax Home Insurance, a third more accidents happen on Monday morning, reports Sky News.

Psychologist Glenn Wilson said: “People have a good time over the weekend to escape the pressure of the working week.

“The corollary is that Mondays are marked by low performance and inattentiveness as the body and brain struggle to recover.”

Martyn Foulds, Halifax senior claims manager, said: “Whilst we want everyone to enjoy their weekends…

“We understand the importance of a safe home, and are urging people to take extra care on Mondays when they might not be operating at 100 percent.” (ANI)

MKU displays Instavest Body Armour and Boltfree Ballistic Helmets at DSEi

ExCeL (United Kingdom), Sep 5 (ANI/Business Wire India): With their armed forces ever more heavily engaged in operations, from the full scale asymmetric combat of Afghanistan to counter-insurgency in Africa and post-war peace support in Iraq and Eastern Europe, many governments are expressing concern about the protection of their troops on the ground.

The range of threats faced in dismounted operations, from small arms to artillery to improvised explosive devices, is growing and, to be effective against such threats, the personal ballistic protection of soldiers on the ground is developing quickly to stay ahead.

The mainstays of effective personal protection are the helmet and the overvest or body armour. Some 45 per cent of battlefield injuries are to the head, of which up to 80 per cent are caused by fragments and only 20 per cent by bullets. High performance helmets with all round protection and efficient harness systems are needed to defeat the threat. Likewise, comfortable, effective body armour, which gives all-round protection while allowing unrestricted movement, is required for the torso, neck and other areas of the body.

To provide protection whilst not limiting combat-effectiveness, such helmets and body armour must be both strong and light. The use of modern materials, such as polyethylene, polyurethane and aramide in helmets and body armour, together with highly mass-efficient ceramic composites in body armour panel inserts, has greatly increased the level of personal protection that the soldier can carry around the battlefield on his head or body. Moreover, quick release systems allow the dismounted soldier to shed his helmet and body armour fast if the tactical situation dictates.

Light weight armour manufacturers and suppliers like MKU are able to offer such personal protection solutions in large numbers and at short notice. At the DSEi exhibition (Stand 1924), MKU will be displaying a range of its light weight personal armour solutions, many already in service, including its instant release “Instavest” body armour and its “Boltfree” helmet range, and briefing military procurers and end users on its range of capabilities. (ANI)

Pressmart delivers newspapers on Kindle and Sony eReader

London, Aug 25 (ANI/Business Wire India): Pressmart, a leading provider of multi-channel news publishing services, today announced the availability of eEditions compatible for reading on eReader devices like Kindle and Sony.

This unique technology enables news publishers to attract new subscribers who wish to read news and access their favorite newspaper content on the eReader screen in its original format.

With this latest addition to Pressmart on-demand digital delivery platform, publishers can go digital on web, mobile, eReader, podcast and RSS in a matter of minutes even if they do not have any technical knowledge.

Additionally, Pressmart offers access to state-of-art marketing, subscription and advertising tools using which publishers can start monetizing from digital delivery from almost day one.

Publishers can also benefit from Pressmart’s content delivery partnerships with news aggregators, telecom carriers, leading distributors and handset majors such as Motorola, Airtel, Curtis, BSNL, Spice and Samachar.com.

Some of the leading publishing titles such as Philadelphia Inquirer, The San Diego Union-Tribune, Orlando Sentinel, Birmingham Post, Bangkok Post, theSun, Hindustan Times, Deccan Chronicle and Indian Express have partnered with Pressmart for repurposing content on new media delivery channels.

“Today’s product launch is an important milestone for Pressmart, reinforcing our position as a leading innovator in the digital publishing market and setting a new technology benchmark.” said Sanjiv Gupta, Chairman and CEO of Pressmart.

“It is our goal to continue to lead the evolution of the industry whilst delivering a first-class reading experience through our ‘Digital Editions’ in a format that today’s generation can use,” Gupta added. (ANI)

Scientists come closer to ‘synthetic life’ in lab

London, Aug 21 (ANI): A group of scientists has created a new “engineered” strain of bacteria – a development which could be described as a step towards the creation of “synthetic life”.

The team, including scientist J Craig Venter, a leading figure in the controversial field of synthetic biology, has successfully transferred the genome of one type of bacteria into a yeast cell, modified it, and then transplanted into another bacterium.

The study paves the way to the creation of a synthetic organism – inserting a human-made genome into a bacterial cell.

It has been described in the journal Science.

According to boffins, the advancement overcomes the obstacle of making a new inserted genome work inside a recipient cell.

The resulting cell Sanjay Vashee, one of the authors, and his team created went on to undertake multiple rounds of cell division, to produce a new strain of the modified bacteria.

Vashee is a researcher at the J. Craig Venter Institute in Rockville, Maryland, in the US. He explained to BBC News: “Bacteria have ‘immune’ systems that protect them from foreign DNA such as those from viruses.”

The scientists disabled the immune system, which consists of proteins called restriction enzymes that home in on specific sections of DNA and chop up the genome at these points.

Bacteria can shield their own genomes from this process by attaching chemical compounds called methyl groups at the points which the restriction enzymes attack.

The scientists modified the original genome of the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides, whilst it was inside the yeast cell. Then they either attached methyl groups to it, or inactivated the restriction enzyme of the recipient bacterium, before transplanting the genome into its new cell.

The team aims to transplant a fully synthetic genome into a bacterial cell – creating bacteria that can be programmed to carry out specific functions – for example, digesting biological material to produce fuel. (ANI)

Musharraf should face the music in Pakistan like a man

Islamabad, Aug.19 (ANI): A columnist with Pakistan’s Dawn newspaper has said that former president general Pervez Musharraf should be man enough to come back to Pakistan and face the music for his alleged misdemeanours while in power.

According to Kamran Shafi, it is extremely critical that a general of an army whose brass hats consider Pakistan their inherited fiefdom, is tried, and hopefully convicted for rebellion against an elected government, and sentenced to a term in prison like any other person who has violated the law.

“My advice to the ‘Commando’ (as Musharraf has been known) will be to come back to the country and face the music like a man. He has badmouthed ZAB (Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto) much, and far too frequently when he ruled the roost, once going to the extent of calling him ‘the worst thing to have happened to Pakistan’! Well, let us see if he is half the man that Bhutto was,” says Shafi in his article for the paper.

He further goes on to say that Pakistanis and the international community must not forget the tribulations of former prime minister Nawaz Sharif, who though elected, was thrown out of office by the army on the orders of Musharraf and his supporters, treated quite disgracefully, locked up in Attock Fort before being taken in shackles and chains to Karachi to stand trial for that so-called hijacking which many today say was a fraud played out by the ‘agencies’ to provide grounds for the removal of a constitutional government.

Sharif, he says attempted to come back to Pakistan (from Saudi Arabia) after being expressly allowed by the Supreme Court, but was sent back most shamefully and in disgraceful fashion.

He also says that the Bhuttos were also treated disgracefully, and therefore, there is no reason fro treating Musharraf any differently.

“Now that Musharraf is in deep trouble, there is increasing talk about truth and reconciliation ‘so that the country can move ahead.’ Whilst many of us have asked both in the written word and in TV appearances for just this for many years now, our suggestion was derisively dismissed by the Commando and his toadies because they were then in unbridled power. However, I am quite willing to lend my support to it, even now,” he says.

“Enough of pussy-footing; try the man (and his collaborators) and let the dice fall where they may. This country must go to a better place,” he concludes. (ANI)

Prabhakaran is alive, claims LTTE

Colombo, May 19 (ANI): Rejecting Sri Lankan Government’s claim that Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam’s chief V. Prabhakaran has been killed by the army, LTTE’s International Relations head S. Pathmanathan on Tuesday said Tamil Tigers chief is still alive and healthy.

According to a website TamilNet, Pathmanathan said: “I wish to inform the global Tamil community distressed witnessing the final events of the war that our beloved leader is alive and safe. He will continue to lead the quest for dignity and freedom for the Tamil people.”

He asked the Tamil community to be vigilant and to exercise maximum restraint whilst grieving for the loss of civilian lives in the barbaric conduct of the final chapters of this battle.

Pathmanathan further said that the Tamil freedom struggle is a just cause and will not be quashed by the events of the last 24 hours. Truth and justice will always prevail.

Earlier on Monday, Sri Lanka formally announced the end of war against the LTTE after chief V. Prabhakaran was shot dead while trying to flee in an ambulance from the war zone in northern Sri Lanka.

The three-decade long fight by the LTTE for a separate homeland for Tamils came to end after the death of Tamil Tigers chief.

Defence Secretary Gotabhaya Rajapakse told President Mahinda Rajpakse on Monday in a nationally televised ceremony that Sri Lanka’s war against Tamil Tiger rebels has “ended successfully.”

“We have successfully ended the war,” he told the President, who is his brother and commander-in-chief of the Sri Lankan armed forces.

Sri Lankan military commanders also lined up and shook hands with him before starting closed-door talks.

According to the military, the Tamil Tigers tried to evacuate its leaders early this morning in two vehicles. Army special soldiers of 53 Division intercepted the vehicles moving north and destroyed the convoy after fierce fighting.

The military said it had found 150 bodies of LTTE cadres so far and they are in the process of identifying them.

The news of Prabhakaran’s death also came along with reports of bodies of his son Charles Anthony and three other top leaders-Pottu Amman, Soosai and Nadesan being found. (ANI)

Prabhakaran is alive, claims LTTE

Colombo, May 19 (ANI): Rejecting Sri Lankan Government’s claim that Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam’s chief V. Prabhakaran has been killed by the army, LTTE’s International Relations head S. Pathmanathan on Tuesday said Tamil Tigers chief is still alive and healthy.

According to a website TamilNet, Pathmanathan said: “I wish to inform the global Tamil community distressed witnessing the final events of the war that our beloved leader is alive and safe. He will continue to lead the quest for dignity and freedom for the Tamil people.”

He asked the Tamil community to be vigilant and to exercise maximum restraint whilst grieving for the loss of civilian lives in the barbaric conduct of the final chapters of this battle.

Pathmanathan further said that the Tamil freedom struggle is a just cause and will not be quashed by the events of the last 24 hours. Truth and justice will always prevail.

Earlier on Monday, Sri Lanka formally announced the end of war against the LTTE after chief V. Prabhakaran was shot dead while trying to flee in an ambulance from the war zone in northern Sri Lanka.

The three-decade long fight by the LTTE for a separate homeland for Tamils came to end after the death of Tamil Tigers chief.

Defence Secretary Gotabhaya Rajapakse told President Mahinda Rajpakse on Monday in a nationally televised ceremony that Sri Lanka’s war against Tamil Tiger rebels has “ended successfully.”

“We have successfully ended the war,” he told the President, who is his brother and commander-in-chief of the Sri Lankan armed forces.

Sri Lankan military commanders also lined up and shook hands with him before starting closed-door talks.

According to the military, the Tamil Tigers tried to evacuate its leaders early this morning in two vehicles. Army special soldiers of 53 Division intercepted the vehicles moving north and destroyed the convoy after fierce fighting.

The military said it had found 150 bodies of LTTE cadres so far and they are in the process of identifying them.

The news of Prabhakaran’s death also came along with reports of bodies of his son Charles Anthony and three other top leaders — Pottu Amman, Soosai and Nadesan being found. (ANI)

US Navy reveals warship of the future

Washington, May 11 (ANI): The US Navy has come out with America’s next generation of warship that is designed to tackle the modern threats of piracy and terrorism.
The Littoral Combat Ship is a new generation high-speed warship designed to carry out a range of operations

With a top speed of 50 knots (60 mph), the Littoral Combat Ship (LCS), is a small, fast, manoeuvrable ship equipped to tackle almost any situation, reports The Telegraph.

Armed with 57-millimetre gun capable of 220 rounds per minute at a range of up to nine miles, four 12.7mm machine guns, and Raytheon SeaRAM missiles, this 370ft long vessel can also hold two SeaHawk helicopters if required.
In addition to its undoubted firepower, automated ‘smart ship’ technologies greatly reduce the need for a large crew aboard an LCS ship, freeing space for ‘specialised’ teams to be housed on board.

A crew of around 40 sail and maintain the ship, whilst another crew of up to 35 are in place to carry out specialised missions, such as air defence, underwater warfare and surface attacks.

Whilst the capabilities of the LCS have generated a lot of enthusiasm within the US Navy, the production cost and speed of the program has been less than plain sailing.

Two shipbuilding teams, Lockheed Martin and General Dynamics, have been working on the LCS program since 2005.

Work started on the Lockheed Martin-designed USS Freedom (LCS-1) in 2005 and was eventually completed in 2008 with sea tests taking place in January of this year.

USS Independence (LCS-2), laid down by General Dynamics in 2005, will be completed later this year.

Projected costs were initially set at 220 million dollars per ship. The LCS-1 and LCS-2 could cost up to 500 million dollars each to build.

The US Navy is set to commission as many as 55 ships in the coming years. (ANI)

Genetic make-up may influence one’s economic decisions

Washington, May 6 (ANI): It’s the genetic make-up of a person that determines how he or she would take economic decisions on the basis of whether the options have been framed negatively or positively, according to a study from University College London (UCL).

Decision-making is a complex process, particularly when we are uncertain about outcomes, which in turn depends on whether the options are phrased positively or negatively, known as the “framing effect”.

In earlier research, it was found that the amygdala, an area of the brain known to be involved in processing emotions, becomes active during decisions influenced by the framing effect.

And, in the new study, the researchers have shown that a person’s susceptibility to the framing effect – and the response of their amygdala – could be at least partially influenced by their genetic make-up.

“We know that people from across a variety of cultures are susceptible to biases when making decisions, and that even with training these biases are hard to overcome. This implies that hard-wired genetic influences might play an important role in determining how susceptible different individuals are to the framing effect,” said Dr Jonathan Roiser from the UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience.

They showed that decision-making is affected by variation in the serotonin transporter gene, at a region known as the 5-HTTLPR, which has previously been reported to affect the response of the amygdala and is

The gene is involved in the recycling of serotonin, a neurotransmitter essential for communication between nerve cells.

The researchers analysed two common variants of this gene, known as the “short” and “long” versions and selected thirty healthy volunteers carrying a pair of either of the two variants.

Essentially, those participants with two copies of the short variant were found to be more susceptible to the framing effect.

“This doesn’t mean that people with the short variants are risk takers. In fact, they were risk averse in the ‘gain frame’ whilst risk seeking in the ‘loss frame’, which implies inconsistency in their decision-making,” explained Roiser.

On taking brain images, it was found that participants with two copies of the short genetic variant had greater amygdala responses than their counterparts when making decisions influenced by the frame effect.

They also measured the degree of interaction, or connectivity, between the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex, the brain region most implicated in human intelligence, personality and decision-making

And it was found that while resisting the frame effect, the participants with two copies of the long variant had stronger connectivity between the prefrontal cortex and amygdala, while those with a pair of short variants did not.

“This difference in connectivity is really interesting. It suggests that the volunteers carrying the long variant might regulate automatic emotional responses, which are driven by the amygdala, more efficiently, lessening their vulnerability to the framing effect,” said Roiser.

The study has been published in the Journal of Neuroscience. (ANI)

Kim Jong-il ‘anoints’ youngest son as successor

Seoul – North Korea’s communist leader Kim Jong-il has promoted his youngest son to a key post, in a possible sign of grooming him as a successor, South Korean media reports said Sunday. The secretive family dynasty has ruled the nuclear-armed north of the peninsula since 1948, with increasing speculation at the health of the 67-year old Kim Jong-il, who is believed to have suffered a stroke.

According to the South Korean news agency Yonhap, citing “informed” sources, the youngest of Kim’s known three sons, Kim Jong- un, has been appointed to a junior position on the National Defence Commission – the most powerful decision-making organ in the Stalinist country.

Kim Jong-un is believed to be either 25 or 26 years old. The elder two sons, Kim Jong-nam, 37, Kim Jong-chol, thought to be 27, have also been named as possible successors at various times.

However little reliable information leaks out from the reclusive regime in Pyongyang. Previous reports that Jong-un would be a candidate for election to the Supreme People’s Assembly in March this year proved to be incorrect.

The three sons publicly acknowledged come from two different mothers, neither of whom is married to Kim Jong-il, whilst the leader is also believed to have daughters.

Kim Jong-il “inherited” the post of North Korean leader from his father, Kim il-Sung, who died in 1994. However, Kim il-Sung was then commemorated as the regime’s “eternal president”. His successors are merely designated head of state by virtue of being party leader within the one-party state.

Earlier this month Kim Jong-il was re-elected chairman of the National Defence Commission at a meeting of the Supreme People’s Assembly in the capital, in a vote considered a mere formality.

The speculation comes at a particularly fraught time in relations between North Korea and the outside world. On April 5 the regime test-fired a rocket which it claimed was a satellite, but intelligence agencies believe was a long-range ballistic missile.

United Nations Security Council criticism of the launch prompted North Korea to walk out of six-party talks aimed at persuading it to renounce its nuclear programme.

On Saturday Pyongyang announced it was recommencing work on reprocessing spent nuclear fuel rods, capable of producing weapons- grade plutonium. (dpa)

Zuma wins election but ANC misses two-thirds majority

Johannesburg – South Africa’s ruling African National Congress (ANC) won the country’s election with a decisive majority according to results Saturday – but fell short of the two-thirds majority it had been batting for. Jacob Zuma’s ANC took 65.9 per of votes to the 400-seat National Assembly, against 16.6 per cent for the Democratic Alliance (DA) of Cape Town mayor Helen Zille and a little over 7 per cent for the fledgling Congress of the People, preliminary final results showed.

The Independent Electoral Commission was due to confirm the results later Saturday and officially declare the ANC the winner.

Britain’s Prime Minister Gordon Brown had already become one of the first world leaders to congratulate Zuma, who is set to become president within days, Downing Street said, in a short telephone call late Friday night.

Whilst the ANC has been celebrating the result as a resounding mandate for Zuma, who had faced a trial for corruption until a few weeks before the election, the ANC in fact dropped support in percentage terms for the first time since it came to power under Nelson Mandela in 1994.

Mandela’s successor Thabo Mbeki, whom Zuma ousted as ANC leader in 2007, had increased the party’s vote in two successive elections to 70 per cent in 2004.

The ANC points to the fact that it won more votes than ever before because around 2 million more people voted in these elections than the last one.

South Africa has a proportional representation system, which means that seats in parliament are allocated according to each party’s share of the vote.

In failing to clinch two-thirds of the vote, the ANC loses its power to to push through constitutional amendments on its own through parliament.

The DA had warned voters against giving the populist Zuma that power, saying it feared he might use it to muzzle his critics.

The ANC had retorted that it had had a two-thirds majority for the past five years and never abused it.

Voters in the election were also asked to chose parties to nine provincial parliaments. The ANC maintained control of all but one province. The Western Cape, where Cape Town is located, went to the DA, which hopes to use the province to showcase its ability to govern and increase its majority in future elections.(dpa)

Zuma wins election but ANC set to miss two-thirds majority

Johannesburg – South Africa’s ruling African National Congress (ANC) won the country’s election with a decisive majority according to results Saturday – but appeared to have fallen just short of the two-thirds majority it wanted to enable it to change the constitution. With around 99 per cent of votes counted, Jacob Zuma’s ANC had 66.2 per cent of votes to the 400-seat National Assembly, against 16 per cent for the Democratic Alliance of Cape Town mayor Helen Zille and 7 per cent for the the fledgling Congress of the People.

The Independent Electoral Commission was due to announce the final results later Saturday and officially declare the ANC the winner.

Britain’s Prime Minister Gordon Brown had already become one of the first world leaders to congratulate Zuma on his win, Downing Street said, in a short telephone call late Friday night.

Whilst the ANC has been celebrating the result as a resounding mandate for controversial leader Jacob Zuma, who had faced a trial for corruption until a few weeks before the election, the ANC in fact dropped support in percentage terms for the first time since it came to power under Nelson Mandela in 1994.

Mandela’s successor Thabo Mbeki, whom Zuma ousted as ANC leader in 2007, had increased the party’s vote to 70 per cent in 2004.

The ANC pointed to the fact that it had won more votes than ever before because around 2 million more people voted in these elections than the previously.

South Africa has a proportional representation system, which means that seats in parliament are allocated according to each party’s share of the vote.

While apparently falling below two-thirds of the popular vote, the ANC might have polled enough to give it a critical two-thirds of seats in parliament. A two-thirds majority, or
267 seats, is needed for a party to push through constitutional amendments on its own.

Based on around 17 million votes cast, around 40,000 seats was necessary to clinch one seat.

The IEC was due to confirm the allocation of seats over the weekend.

The opposition Democratic Alliance has used the election to campaign hard to change its image of being the party of the white minority.(dpa)

Like humans, goldfish too feel pain

London, May 01 (ANI): A team of researchers has claimed to have solved the mystery that intrigued the science world for decades: Whether or not fish feel pain?

And, the answer is yes. Just like humans, goldfish feel pain too.

Whilst the marine creatures can be seen to react to a jab or blow, experts have disagreed over whether the reaction indicates a sensation of pain, or is little more than a basic reflex.

Therefore, researchers, from Norway and the US, embarked on a study to set the record straight.

In the experiment, goldfish were exposed to painful heat. Half of the fish were given a painkilling injection of morphine beforehand, while the other half were not.

Two hours later, the fish that had undergone the test without painkillers showed signs of fear and wariness – suggesting that they had suffered a bad experience and remembered it, say researchers.

According to scientists, the finding undermines claims that fish merely display reflex actions and do not sense pain.

“The results show that it could not have been a simple reflex action,” The Telegraph quoted Dr Joseph Garner, as saying.

“The fact that their behaviour changed so much really strongly suggests there is something going on with their memory and experience of that event that is not a reflex. I believe it does show that fish feel pain,” he added.

The work was carried out by Janicke Nordgreen with colleagues at the Norwegian School of Veterinary Science and Purdue University. The findings are reported in the journal Applied Animal Behaviour Science. (ANI)

Now, gecko-inspired supersticky robots that scale walls, ceilings

London, Apr 28 (ANI): If you thought it was only Spiderman who could glide on any surface with no apparent gravitational pull, then it’s time to get out of fiction and look closer to reality – scientists have created robots that can scale walls and hang off the ceiling just like geckos.

Metin Sitti and Ozgur Unver of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, have claimed that their new robots – a sticky-tracked wall climber and a 16-legged ceiling walker – could tackle many jobs in the home including painting ceilings and clearing cobwebs.

The researchers said that the robots could also play a part in exploration, inspection, repair and even search and rescue.

Moving ahead of using suction for locomotion in previous wall and ceiling climbers, scientists have resorted to a “sticky” elastic polymer, or elastomer, that can adhere to a variety of surfaces, including wood, metal, glass and brick.

By using the elastomers, scientists are hoping to mimic the mechanism, which geckos use to climb walls and walk upside down- the millions of tiny hairs called setae on their toe pads, reports New Scientist.

The researchers showed that the geckos’ setae do this by harnessing van der Waals forces- a weak electrostatic attraction which operates only at an intermolecular level.

Thus, Sitti has been experimenting with squishy elastomers to mimic the forces that geckos’ setae use.

Both robots made by Sitti use sticky elastomers, though not in the form of hairs, to grip surfaces using van der Waals forces.

Their wall-climbing robot, called Tankbot, is a palm-sized, 60-gram machine with a tacky elastomer tank track on either side of it, and its trick is to keep its tracks in close contact with the surface whilst continuously “unpeeling” itself.

Tests showed that Tankbot could deftly scale walls and even carry small payloads. However, Sitti said that its “adhesion falls short for upside-down ceiling climbing.”

So for scampering on ceilings, the researchers are working on another design with stronger adhesion- the FourBar robot- which has a four tough plastic bars that move parallel to one another driven by a motor.

Each bar has four tacky elastomer footpads, mounted in pairs on rockers. When the eight footpads on the interior bars are stuck to a surface, the outer bars unpeel their footpads and move forwards. When they are safely restuck, the inner bars unpeel and move forwards.

Although the robot moved 30 metres upside down in tests, the researchers observed one problem with both robots-their elastomers can clog with dirt and dust and lose their crucial tackiness.

Sitti hopes to overcome this on future bots by using his hairy gecko-like elastomers-ultrafine nanoscale hairs do not provide micro-scale dirt particles with enough contact – so they simply roll off.

The details on the robots will be presented at the annual International Robotics and Automation Conference (ICRA) in Kobe, Japan, in mid-May. (ANI)

Hillsborough disaster will never be forgotten

London – Liverpool Football Club, the city of Liverpool and the entire footballing community will come together on Wednesday to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hillsborough , the worst stadium-related disaster in the history of the sport in Britain. April 15, 1989, will live long in the memory for all Liverpool fans for it was the day when 96 men, women and children died, crushed against security fences inside Sheffield Wednesday’s Hillsborough ground during their side’s FA Cup semi-final against Nottingham Forest.

With a huge crowd gathering outside, police opened the gates on one side of the stadium and the decision proved disastrous. Hundreds more were injured and an inquiry, headed by Lord Justice Taylor, resulted in the removal of all fences and the introduction of all-seater stadia.

In the aftermath of the disaster, sections of the media wrongly blamed the Liverpool fans, but the Taylor Report named police failure as the real reason, saying they should never have opened the gates.

Liverpool’s then manager Kenny Dalglish ensured that he or another of the Liverpool staff attended every single funeral, an effort that eventually took its toll on the Scot as he quit as manager in 1991 suffering, it later transpired, from stress.

The famous Shankly Gates were covered from top to bottom in flowers and ever since then, the club has commemorated the dead with a minute’s silence, something observed by all league clubs when they play their closest match to April 15 itself.

In the weeks, months and years after the disaster, the Hillsborough Justice Campaign came into existence, an organization that helped families of those killed or injured to gain legal support in their fight for justice.

For Liverpool’s present captain, Steven Gerrard, the day will live in his memory for ever after his 10-year-old cousin, Jon-Paul Gilhooley, died in the disaster.

“I was really shocked and deeply saddened when I watched the scenes live,” said Gerrard, who was nine at the time.

“I was completely and utterly shocked, whilst wondering if there was anyone we knew personally at the game. Unfortunately for myself and my family we got the dreaded knock the next morning to say that a member of our family was at the game and had been tragically killed.”

Gerrard said that everyone connected with the club knows all about Hillsborough and what it means to the fans.

“It is central and very important to this club,” he said. “The 96 will never ever be forgotten, and nor will the people that got hurt. But it is important these people get remembered individually and not just as the number 96.

“This club has fought for justice ever since and will continue to do so. We have stuck together since that day, like we always do here, and that shows what kind of football club we are, sticking by each other when times are tough. We are not just about what happens on the pitch but we are all one off it as well.”

Former Liverpool player Steven Warnock laid a floral tribute in front of the club’s fans on behalf of Blackburn Rovers before the two sides met on Saturday and the club will hold a memorial on Wednesday, the 20th anniversary.

“We go to the memorial service every year and thousands of people still turn out to this day, so it goes to show that the Liverpool supporters will never forget about it and neither will the players,” Gerrard added. (dpa)

Easter Weekend: Travel Chaos Underway

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Major routes have already become congested, particularly on the M25 around Heathrow and on the Birmingham M6 toll road.

Heavy traffic has also hit the picturesque A303 through Wiltshire and the A66 in Cumbria.

With forecasters predicting temperatures could reach 19C (66F) in parts of southern England, travellers are keen to make the most of the bank holiday.

The RAC predicts that 33% more people intended to take short trips by road this year than last, and is expecting congestion on the M25, M1 and M6.

The AA said resorts such as Brighton and Bournemouth could be busy as well as historic cities such as Cambridge and Edinburgh.

More than 30 sets of roadworks are in place across the country whilst 51 have been suspended until the end of Easter Monday.

The Highways Agency, which is responsible for England’s motorways and major roads, said it had completed 37 sets of roadworks in time for Easter.

On the railways, passengers on a number of routes face service suspensions while a £55m programme of engineering work goes ahead.

P and O Ferries will carry 132,000 passengers on its Dover-Calais route from Good Friday to Easter Monday – an increase on the 98,000 figure last Easter.

A total of 200,000 passengers will travel with the Channel Tunnel high-speed Eurostar train company in the period from today until Easter Tuesday.

Those travelling by rail will have to contend with the closure of the West Coast Main Line between Milton Keynes in Buckinghamshire and Rugby in the West Midlands from Easter Saturday until 12 noon on Easter Monday.

Services in and out of London’s Liverpool Street and Waterloo stations will also be disrupted by engineering work, although 64,000 train services will run over the holiday period (today to Monday) which is around 5,000 more than last Easter.

The most popular destinations for Brits travelling abroad this Easter include Turkey, Egypt and Tunisia.

British Airways said its top long-haul destinations for the holiday period were New York, Los Angeles and Hong Kong.

Follow our live traffic updates from the Highways Agency and your reports.

Twitter Users: If you see anything on the road, please tweet a message with #eastertravel when you pull over. To follow our live travel updates please follow: skytravelupdate.