Kevin Costner”s machine could help clean up Gulf oil spill

New York, May 20 (ANI): A device developed by Kevin Costner’s company could help clean up the massive oil spill that has contaminated the Gulf of Mexico over the past few weeks.

BP has approved a test of Costner’s Ocean Therapy device to help the company clean up the Gulf after its Deepwater Horizon drill rig exploded and began spewing oil into the water, officials said.

The machine—described as a processing device that separates oil from water—was first developed by scientists hired by Costner following the 1989 Exxon-Valdez oil spill off the coast of Alaska, reports the New York Post.

“The machines are basically sophisticated centrifuge devices that can handle a huge volume of water and separate at unprecedented rates,” Ocean Therapy Solutions CEO John Houghtaling told CBS”s New Orleans affiliate WWL-TV.

“They were developed from older centrifuge technology. Normal centrifuge machines are very slow and sensitive to different ratios of oil to water mixtures at intake. Costner has been funding a team of scientists for the last 15 years to develop a technology which could be used for massive oil spills.”

The ‘Field of Dreams’ told reporters last week that he wanted to help.

“Years before I got involved, oil spills came and I would wonder why we couldn”t clean this up,” he said. (ANI)

More Queensland floodwaters promised for SA

South Australian Premier Mike Rann says he has reached an in-principle agreement with Queensland and New South Wales for about 400 gigalitres of additional water from Queensland floods.

A similar volume of water has already been secured for the drought-affected Murray from New South Wales floods in January.

Mr Rann says water from Queensland is now flowing through the river system and should reach South Australia within six weeks.

“Basically there’s in-principle agreements already. Look, people want us to benefit, they want the river to benefit and I think there’s been a terrific spirit of cooperation between Queensland and us and New South Wales and us, so there’s still work being done because the volume of water is just massive,” he said.

“Our allocation is likely to be around 400 billion litres of extra water across the border from Queensland floodwaters. Now that extra 400 billion litres is on top of the 408 billion litres that’s currently on its way down to the lower lakes [at the Murray mouth]“.

Redmond sceptical

Opposition Leader Isobel Redmond says the Premier has claimed credit for the water deal but she believes South Australia would have received the flows regardless.

“It is simply a con by Mike Rann trying to convince the people of this state, four days out from an election, that he has such wonderful negotiating skills that he’s been able to secure water which we say he hasn’t done,” she said.

“So I’m calling on him to produce that water and produce a copy of the agreement so that we can see it.”

Opposition water spokesman Mitch Williams is of the same view.

“The water that we will get will be the water that New South Wales physically cannot keep,” he said.

“Mike Rann knows that there’s at least 400 gigalitres more than they can possibly keep that will come to South Australia and he’s made this outrageous claim that he actually negotiated.”

Water Security Minister Karlene Maywald says the cynics should stop deriding the Government for announcing more flows for the Murray in the final days of the election campaign.

“I think that everyone in South Australia should be batting us in on this because that’s what we need to do,” she said.

“Instead of fighting and squabbling amongst ourselves in this state, trying to muddy the water, trying to make the rules all this particular Government’s fault, when in actual fact the rules are something we’ve inherited over many, many, many, many, many decades and that do not serve South Australia well.”

Mr Rann says it is extra water for SA and anyone suggesting otherwise is wrong.

“New South Wales did not have to give up one single drop of water to us. But it’s about negotiating, it’s about doing the hard yards, it’s about actually going out there and doing deals which are about benefiting our state,” he said.

Barry Philp from the New South Wales Water Corporation says floodwaters are yet to reach the Menindee Lakes storage from Queensland.

He says that when another 60 gigalitres reach the Lakes, New South Wales will lose immediate control.

“Once we get to a trigger point with 640 gigalitres we come under Murray-Darling Basin Association Authority control and they work to supply South Australia with their entitlements,” he said.

“We’re about 580 GL at the moment and so that’s another 60 GL on top of what’s already there.”

New evidence confirms presence of oceans on Earth 4 bln yrs ago

Sydney, March 15 (ANI): A study of crystals found in Greenland has provided for new evidence of the theory that oceans covered the Earth four billion years ago.

According to a report by ABC Science, the Australian and Swedish researchers, led by geochronologist Dr Chris Kirkland, from the Western Australian Department of Mines and Petroleum, have found evidence from sandstones in the Moræneso Formation in North Greenland, which confirms the presence of oceans on the early Earth.

The researchers analysed the ratio of heavy to light isotopes of oxygen in zircons ranging from 900 to 3900 million years old.

They compared this isotopic ratio to the current average isotopic ratio of oceans called the ‘standard mean ocean water’.

“The nice thing is there is one grain that confirms the Jack Hills results and that is really critical in science,” said study co-author Dr Martin Van Kranendonk, also from the Department of Mines and Petroleum.

“Before we only had that data from one locality, now we have the same result literally from the other side of the world,” he added.

The isotopic composition of this grain shows that it must have been altered by low temperature, near surface conditions, which points to weathering by liquid water.

“Rain is probably not enough to give this sort of a signature because we are dealing with large areas of exposed rocks and they have been significantly altered (by weathering),” said Van Kranendonk.

“The volume of water must have been significant,” he added.

Since subduction is needed to drag water into the crust, the finding also confirms that plate tectonics, the cycling of the Earth’s crust, was happening at this time, albeit in a different way, according to the researchers.

Van Kranendonk said that the evidence points to a weaker, hotter crust sinking at a shallower angle into the underlying mantle.

The research also confirms a suspected shift in the composition of the Earth’s crust 2.5 billion years ago.

“We think this oxygen isotope value shows changes in the style of continental crust, and reflects the continents getting stiffer,” Van Kranendonk said. (ANI)

Greater Hume declared disaster zone

The Greater Hume Shire Council in south-west New South Wales will be able to access emergency funding after the region was declared a natural disaster zone.

The council estimates $200,000 worth of infrastructure has been damaged by recent flooding, and residents, farmers, business owners and the council will now be able to seek financial assistance

Council general manager Steven Pinnuck says north-east parts of the region and the Henty district have been the worst affected, and says the declaration will come as a relief to property owners in those areas.

“From [the] council’s perspective it will provide an opportunity to obtain State Government funding to restore some of the roads that have been damaged and certainly restore the bridge that collapsed,” he said.

“But it would provide some … fodder subsidies for some farmers if they require it.”

Emergency Services Minister Steve Whan says the main damage has been to infrastructure.

“Particularly roads where you’ve had water going across, we often see culverts which get damaged when you’ve got a large volume of water going through,” he said.

“Two bridges in the Greater Hume Shire, where there’s been a lot of debris pushed up against the bridge, and that’s caused damage.

“This rain has been fantastic for farmers, it gives them the opportunity to plant some crops, increases the soil moisture and there’ll be some pasture growth before winter, but along with it comes a bit of damage.”

Sea levels rose as much as 2 feet this summer along the US East Coast

Washington, September 12 (ANI): Reports indicate that sea levels rose as much as 2 feet (60 centimeters) higher than predicted this summer along the US East Coast, surprising scientists who forecast such periodic fluctuations.

According to National Geographic News, though the immediate cause of the unexpected rise has now been solved, the underlying reason remains a mystery.

Usually, predicting seasonal tides and sea levels is a pretty cut-and-dried process, governed by the known movements and gravitational influences of astronomical bodies like the moon, according to Rich Edwing, deputy director for the Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services at the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

But, NOAA’s phones began ringing this summer when East Coast residents reported higher than predicted water levels, much like those associated with short-term weather events like tropical storms.

These high seas persisted for weeks, throughout June and July.

The startling rise caused only minor coastal flooding, but puzzled scientists.

Now, a new report has identified the two major factors behind the high sea levels-a weakened Gulf Stream and steady winds from the northeastern Atlantic.

The Gulf Stream is a northward-flowing superhighway of ocean water off the US East Coast.

Running at full steam, the powerful current pulls water into its “orbit” and away from the East Coast.

But this summer, for reasons unknown, “the Gulf Stream slowed down,” Edwing said, sending water toward the coasts-and sea levels shooting upward.

Adding to the sustained surge, autumn winds from the northeastern Atlantic arrived a few months early, pushing even more water coastward.

The higher waters caused inconveniences for some anglers and boaters and rearranged a bit of shoreline.

“A couple of sand beaches we’d normally fish from were eaten up. And the volume of water was higher than it normally would be,” said Paulie Apostolides, owner of Paulie’s Tackle in Montauk on New York State’s Long Island.

Even before the new report, released by NOAA on September 2, Apostolides said that many local fishers had already attributed the sea level rise to the “ferocious” winds from the northeast. (ANI)

Waterboarding used 183 times against September 11 mastermind

New York, Apr 20 (ANI): C.I.A. officers used the waterboarding, the near-drowning technique, against 9/11 planner Khalid Shaikh Mohammed 183 times, according to a 2005 Justice Department legal memorandum.

A CIA memo quoting Inspector General, says that intelligence officers used the waterboard at least 83 times during August 2002 against Abu Zubaydah.

The release of the numbers is likely to become part of the debate about the morality and efficacy of interrogation methods that the Bush Administration Justice Department declared legal even though the US had historically treated them as torture.

A former CIA officer, John Kiriakou, had told ABC News and other news media organizations in 2007 that the first prisoner questioned in the CIA’s secret overseas detention program in 2002, Abu Zubaydah, had undergone waterboarding for only 35 second before agreeing to tell everything he knew.

The New York Times reported in 2007 that Mohammed had been barraged with more than 100 different harsh interrogation methods, causing CIA officers to worry that they might have crossed legal limits and halting his questioning.

The Senate Intelligence Committee has begun a yearlong investigation of the CIA interrogation program, in part to assess claims of Bush Administration officials that brutal treatment, including slamming prisoners into walls, shackling them in standing positions for days and confining them in small boxes, were necessary to get information.

The fact that waterboarding was repeated so many times may raise questions about its effectiveness, as well as assertions by Bush Administration officials that their methods were used under strict guidelines.

A footnote to another 2005 Justice Department memo released on Thursday said waterboarding was used both more frequently and with a greater volume of water than the CIA rules permitted.

The sentences in the 2005 memo including the number of times the two men were waterboarded appear to be redacted from some copies of the memo but visible in others. (ANI)

Hurricane speed may reveal where storm surges will strike

London, April 6 (ANI): In a new research, scientists have determined that the speed at which a hurricane progresses across the ocean may help forecasters predict which areas are at risk from flooding by storm surges.

When hurricanes strike, flooding causes more damage than the wind, and kills more people.

To predict the severity of a surge, forecasters tend to rely on factors such as the size and the intensity of the storm.

Now, according to a report in New Scientist, Joao Rego and Chunyan Li of Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge have calculated that a hurricane’s forward speed influences the peak height and inland “reach” of surges.

The pair fed measurements from 30 sites in Louisiana and Texas hit by hurricane Rita in 2005 into a computer model that relates the severity of a surge to the hurricane’s speed of travel.

When they raised the speed in their model to the maximum realistic value, the peak of the surge was 7 per cent higher than Rita’s, and the volume of water pushed inland fell by up to 40 per cent.

This meant areas close to the coast were hit harder, but sites further inland were left unscathed.

For the slowest storms, the opposite happened: peak surge was lower, but inland reach increased.

According to Greg Holland of the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, “The results emphasize yet again that storm impacts are highly sensitive to factors other than just simply intensity.” (ANI)

First indigenously built water jet machine launched in Bangalore

Bangalore, Feb 14, (ANI): The Anjani Technoplast Limited (ATL) on Friday introduced an indigenously built water-jet machine with application in aerospace and defence industry here.

ATL marketing manager Sunil Sharma claimed that the water jet could cut through titanium, steel aluminium and alloys as well as composite materials.

“This is a high pressure technology. We can even cut steel up to 200 mm. We have supplied machines to various customers like titanium cutting, external steel cutting so this is a perfectly Indian machine. The first Indian manufacturers of such kinds of machines,” he said.

The equipment uses a high-pressure stream of water for cutting or cleaning purposes. It works by flowing a large volume of water through a nozzle.

Sharma said the machine could be used in the aerospace and defence industry, besides building and construction, glazing and woodwork.

Sharma stated that the response has been good for aerospace and defence industry.

“If we go for heat generation cutting that will deflect the material properties. This is a cool cutting property and there is no deflection in the material,” he said.

The equipment is priced at around six lakh rupees. (ANI)

Koshi reverts to its original course

Kathmandu, Jan 27 (ANI): After displacing thousands of lives in Sunsari district, the Koshi River is set to run through its original course.

The Koshi River changed its course on August 18, 2008 and flowed through settlements in Sunsari and Saptari districts.

The river started flowing in its original course from Monday evening after a team of more than 500 workers built cofferdams using sand sacks, concrete and galvanised wire.

Out of 11,447 cusecs of water in Koshi river, 10,700 cusecs have started flowing through the barrage. Technicians are expected to divert the remaining volume of water, which is flowing through pilot channels along the embankment towards the barrage by today evening.

After breaching the embankment at Paschim Kushaha, Saptakoshi had flooded the neighboring villages of Nepal and India rendering thousands of people homeless. The East-West Highway was obstructed and many people had lost their lives.

The river was tamed according to an agreement reached between the Nepal and Indian governments. The Indian government had contracted the job of taming the river to Vashishta and Vashishta, an Indian construction company, Nepalnews reported. (ANI)