Teen smokers fail to recognize early signs of nicotine dependence

Washington, May 4 (ANI): Teens, who have just started smoking occasionally, do not recognize the early symptoms of dependence, according to a new study.

Led by Dr. Chyke Doubeni, of the University of Massachusetts, the study found that among kids who have started smoking, “an urge to smoke or being irritable because they are not able to smoke is a sign of early dependence. But they don”t seem to recognize that symptoms such as irritability are harbingers of addiction.”

“Previous studies have already shown that there is a strong correlation between symptoms of nicotine dependence and nicotine addiction. This study shows that adolescents who start smoking, don”t appear to recognize the early signs of dependence,” said Doubeni.

Other signs of early dependence that go unnoticed include experiencing a desire to smoke or craving for a cigarette.

The study concluded that non-daily use of tobacco could trigger any of these early signs of dependence.

Early dependence promotes increased smoking, which in turn accelerates additional signs of dependence, which leads to even higher frequencies of smoking.

Eventually, it leads to addiction.

The conclusions are based on a study that surveyed adolescent smokers every three to four months, over a four-year period from 2002-2006.

The study found that over those four years, of the 370 subjects who had inhaled from a cigarette, 62pct smoked at least once per month, 52pct experienced dependence symptoms, and 40pct went on to become daily smokers.

The study was published in the latest issue of Pediatrics. (ANI)

Pakistani Hindus urge India to relax visa norms for pilgrims

By: Ravinder Singh Robin

Amritsar, Apr. 1 (ANI): Pakistani Hindus have urged India to relax visa norms for pilgrims.

“The visa norms are a problem. We should be given more chances to come here. People in Pakistan wait for visas to be issued. If visa rules are relaxed, more delegations will come every year,” said Pawan Kumar, a pilgrim.

The 250-member group, which arrived on March 3, is currently on a month-long pilgrimage tour of India.

The pilgrims have paid obeisance at various temples across the country before reaching Amritsar.

“Yes, the visa rules should be little softer. I have come to India after 10 years. I had applied for visa twice before, but could not get it. But this time, I got the visa. Otherwise, we have received love and support from the people of India,” said Arjan Dass, a pilgrim.

The group will leave for Pakistan on Saturday. (ANI)

Aussie folks in Northern Territory love to have sex in public, finds survey

Melbourne, March 15 (ANI): Folks in Australia’s Northern Territory love to have sex in public, be it beaches, bathrooms, offices or nightclubs, according to a new survey.

Almost every second Territorian of the 10,000 men and women quizzed confessed they enjoyed getting intimate in public.

And another 19 per cent admitted they “would like to” try their hands at a public fling, the Great Australian Sex Census revealed.

For some, finding the right girl was more important than finding the perfect spot, the Northern Territory News reported.

Truck driver Gye Gardner, 43, of Woodroffe, Palmerston, said: “I haven”t had sex for so long I would do it in a wheelbarrow on the side of the road if that”s what the girl wanted.”

Emily Smith, 24, revealed she “had a comfy bed at home” and even if she would consider having sex in public “it would definitely not be in a wheelbarrow on the side of the road”.

But she added she understood the urge to go ahead with having sex in the street.

She said: “I guess it always depends on the circumstances, if you just come out of a club and you”re drunk and you”re really desperate and can”t make it home because it always takes so long until you get a taxi in the city…” (ANI)

Rooney’s dream run driven by urge to see Man U beat Liverpool’s unbroken record

London, Mar 12(ANI): Manchester United striker Wayne Rooney has revealed that he wants a place in history and the chance to ease past Liverpool in the record books.

Rooney, who has scored 30 goals this season, wants to win the Premier League for the fourth successive time, a feat that no team has ever achieved.

Meanwhile, a victory this season would edge United ahead of rivals Liverpool to be the most successful club in the history of English football, by winning more trophies than any other English club.

“I”ve always felt the league is the most important one to win, but especially this year. If we do that it will be four on the run, which no one has done before,” The Sun quoted Rooney, as saying.

“And we would go above Liverpool”s number of titles so to do it this year would be a big, big moment for everyone at the club,” he added.

Rooney also dismissed reports that United’s casualty list could wreck the club’s Treble dreams.

“We”ve had some injuries, but those who have come in have done good jobs. We definitely have a strong enough squad,” Rooney said. (ANI)

Japanese woman performs Hindu ancestral worship rites in Gaya

Gaya (Bihar), Sep 11(ANI): Tomoko Lee, a Japanese national, offered ‘Pinda Daan’, a Hindu ancestral worship rite in Gaya on Friday.

Lee said that it was dedicated to her grand parents.

“Yes, ‘Pinda Daan’ I have done for my grandfather and grandmother. Grandmother died about two years ago and grandfather died about a half year ago,” Lee said.

Ashok Pandey supervised the rituals. He said Lee may have been impressed by the way Hindus remember their ancestors and resolved to follow suit.

“She developed the urge for performing ‘Pinda Daan’ for her grandparents after seeing the faith of others,” said Pandey.

‘Pinda Daan’ is an annual ritual performed for ancestors.

Lee, a Buddhist, is a research scholar of Indian culture at the University of Tokyo. (ANI)

Phulan Rani, the ageless painter of Punjab

Amritsar, Sep.11 (ANI): Defying her age, octogenarian Phulan Rani today stands as a tall figure that inspires the youth by her love for painting and deep urge to give creative expressions to her thoughts and observations of the world around her.

A resident of Amritsar, Phulan Rani works in both oils and water colour and paints realistic landscapes and portraits of local leaders.

“I was born on Dec 12, 1923 and have seen various ups and downs during my life span. I have been inspired to paint from all good things in life and the thoughts and the preaching of the gurus that I have heard,” said Phulan Rani, the painter. She is a nature lover by heart.

“Nature is like an open book as we can see many beautiful things through it. Like honeybees collecting nectar from the flowers and then constructing hives. It inspires an artist to paint. The inspiration also comes from beautiful faces, flowers, landscapes and the teachings of the gurus,” she says.

Phulan Rani is full of pride when she realizes how her work has reached in different parts of the world.

“A person can be successful in any sort of work if he or she gets full support from his life partner and children. You can imagine the work done by me through the paintings hanging on the walls of my house. I have sold a number of paintings, but I had enough time to paint replicas of those sold paintings to keep at home. My paintings have reached across the world,” says Phulan.

The sixth President of India, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, had released Phulan Rani’s book of ‘Painting visions of beauty’ in 1981. By Ravinder Singh Robin(ANI)

Nicotine plays “tricks” on the brain

Washington, Sept 10 (ANI): Nicotine, the addictive component in cigarettes, “tricks” the brain into creating memory associations between environmental cues and smoking behavior, say researchers at Baylor College of Medicine.

The study has been published in the journal Neuron.

“Our brains normally make these associations between things that support our existence and environmental cues so that we conduct behaviors leading to successful lives. The brain sends a reward signal when we act in a way that contributes to our well being,” said Dr. John A. Dani, professor of neuroscience at BCM and co-author of the study.

“However, nicotine commandeers this subconscious learning process in the brain so we begin to behave as though smoking is a positive action,” the expert added.

Dani said that environmental events linked with smoking can become cues that prompt the smoking urge. Those cues could include alcohol, a meal with friends, or even the drive home from work.

To understand why the associations are so strong, Dani and Dr. Jianrong Tang, instructor of neuroscience at BCM and co-author of the report, decided to record brain activity of mice as they were exposed to nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco.

The mice were allowed to roam through an apparatus with two separate compartments. In one compartment, they received nicotine. In the other, they got a benign saline solution. Later, the researchers recorded how long the mice spent in each compartment. They also recorded brain activity within the hippocampus, an area of the brain that creates new memories.

“The brain activity change was just amazing. Compared to injections of saline, nicotine strengthened neuronal connections – sometimes up to 200 percent. This strengthening of connections underlies new memory formation,” Dani said.

Consequently, mice learned to spent more time in the compartment where the nicotine was administered compared to the one where saline was given to them.

“We found that nicotine could strengthen neuronal synaptic connections only when the so called reward centers sent a dopamine signal. That was a critical process in creating the memory associations even with bad behavior like smoking,” the expert said. (ANI)

Advani asks party leaders to avoid fascination for being in news

New Delhi, July 6 (ANI): Senior Bharatiya Janata Party leader Lal Krishan Advani on Monday expressed concern at the party leaders developing a habit of becoming news for the sake of drawing media attention.

“The urge (among some party leaders) to see their names in newspapers …to see their face on TV for a few seconds … Sometimes, I feel there are too many spokespersons in our party,” Advani said at a function held to mark the birth anniversary of Jan Sangh founder Shyama Prasad Mookherjee in the national capital on Monday.

Several senior BJP leaders had spoken to news channels on the reasons for the party’s poll defeat and letters written by some party leaders discussing internal party matters and disagreements were leaked to the media, leaving the party red faced.

Recalling the sacrifices made by Mookherjee, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya and Atal Bihari Vajpayee to raise BJP to its present state, Advani said the party should take all precautions to avoid mistakes as it negate these sacrifices.”

“Leaders like Mookherjee, Deen Dayal, and Vajpayee have raised this party to this level… we should prevent little mistakes on our part ….”, he said.

Advani said the recent election loss should not dishearten BJP members as the party had faced several “ups and downs” in the past. The party still has 116 Lok Sabha MPs.

The Leader of the Opposition said all had not been lost by the BJP after recent poll debacle. “The party has a bright future,” Advani claimed. (ANI)

Rod Stewart, Suggs urge musicians to busk for charity

London, May 26 (ANI): Rod Stewart and Madness frontman Suggs have urged fellow musicians to take to the streets and start busking to help raise funds for charity.

The duo is initiating “Busking Cancer”, a “concert” to encourage artists across Britain to perform in public and gather money from audience to help Cancer Research UK.

Suggs and his fellow band members are due to play their tunes on HMS Belfast, secured on the banks of the River Thames for an exclusive one-night busking show.

Meanwhile, Stewart, who battled thyroid cancer, is asking musicians to come out and play.

“Busking is how I started, in the early 60s, on the streets of Paris. It is what music is all about – just getting out there and singing or playing for the sheer joy of it,” The Scotsman quoted him as saying. (ANI)

Police urge bank-mistake millionaires to return home

Wellington – New Zealand police appealed Monday to the couple who flew to Hong Kong after a bank mistakenly gave them a 10- million-New-Zealand-dollar (6.1-million-US-dollar) overdraft to return home before they spend all their ill-gotten gains.

A police statement said the Chinese government was being formally asked to arrest Leo Gao, 29, and his girlfriend, Kara Mary Jo Hurring, 30, who is also known by the surname Yang. They left the country with 3.8 million New Zealand dollars belonging to the Westpac Bank.

Gao, part owner of a struggling auto service station in Rotorua, was mistakenly given access to 10 million New Zealand dollars when the bank was formalizing a temporary overdraft of 100,000 dollars.

He tried to withdraw 6.7 million dollars but the bank blocked access to 2.9 million, leaving him with 3.8 million.

“We are well aware of the events that have been associated with this opportunistic offending,” Detective David Harvey said. “This pair still have families in New Zealand and at some stage they may want to return to see them.

“I would suggest that they take the opportunity to return to this country to resolve this matter before the outstanding sum of up to 3.8 million dollars is spent.”

Harvey said a family member who was travelling with them returned to Auckland from Hong Kong at lunchtime Monday and was speaking to police.

This is thought to be Aroha Hurring, 22, a sister of Kara.

“I urge the pair to reflect on the consequences of what they are doing and make arrangements to come back to New Zealand,” Harvey said.(dpa)

Siberian cranes flock to Bihar’s Danapur catonement area

Danapur (Bihar), May 24 (ANI): The bird sanctuary in the Danapur cantonment area of Bihar state has some welcome visitors — iberian cranes – who have flown in from far off regions.

Informed sources and regular bird watchers claim that the arrival of the Siberian crane signals the advent of the monsoon season. The cranes choose the cantonment specifically every year, as it is a safe haven. The birds also find a doting host in the Indian army authorities stationed in the cantonment area.

“They (Siberian cranes) arrive from Australia at the end of May. They come in the cantonment area and start nesting. After nesting Siberian cranes leave in the months of October-November-December. These birds are very safe in army cantonment area where as in civilian areas they are killed,” said Mahender Singh, a soldier stationed at Danapur.

The cantonment’s officials have marked out certain areas favoured by the cranes as an ecological park, and have restricted human activity and movement of vehicles.

Apart from the hospitality, what also attracts the birds is the logged rainwater in the area, which results in the breeding of small fish. For food, they also find plenty of fish in the nearby Ganges River.

The birds usually finish raising their young ones by the end of summer (around June end) and leave by mid-September.

The urge to play good hosts has caught up with the residents of the area as well, who cooperate with the army in its conservation efforts. They believe that the cranes bring good luck and good rains for the farmers and that more the number of birds, more the rainfall and prosperity.

The Siberians cranes are sensitive but disciplined birds, which fly in groups in search of food. They travel long distances to inhabit amenable environments on a seasonal basis. (ANI)

Meditation key to treating female incontinence

Washington, May 5 (ANI): Meditation or cognitive therapy may be an effective management strategy to control the frequent urge to urinate among women, according to a study.

Loyola University Health System (LUHS) have employed cognitive therapy to treat overactive bladders.

The therapy employs deep-breathing and guided-imagery exercises that train the brain to control the bladder without medication or surgery.

“The mind-body connection has proven to be particularly valuable for women suffering from incontinence. Cognitive therapy is effective with these women, because they are motivated to make a change and regain control over their body,” said study investigator Dr. Aaron Michelfelder, vice chair, division of family medicine, Loyola University Health System.

After enrolling for the program, the patients had to attend an initial office visit, where they were introduced to cognitive therapy.

The patients then listened to an audio recording with a series of relaxation and visualization exercises at home twice a day for two weeks. They tracked the number of incontinence episodes that they experience in a pre- and post-therapy diary.

The researchers observed that the majority of patients experienced a substantial improvement in symptoms.

The study evaluated a subset of 10 patients with a mean age of 62, who were eligible to participate in the study, if they had a diagnosis of overactive bladder (OAB), which is the sudden and unstoppable need to urinate.

The patients also had to be stable on all OAB treatments for the past three months before entering the study.

The data revealed that the average number of urge incontinence episodes per week decreased from 38 to 12.

The findings of the study have been published in the Journal of Urology. (ANI)

Rampant alcoholism blamed for ragging in campuses

New Delhi, April 20 (IANS) A panel formed by the Supreme Court to probe the ragging and subsequent death of a Himachal Pradesh medical college student Monday blamed ‘rampant alcoholism’ for the spurt of ragging in educational institutions.

‘One of main reasons for violence (ragging) on the campus is rampant alcoholism, and it is recommended that that de-addiction measures be introduced in educational institutions,’ Additional Solicitor General Gopal Subramanium told a bench of Justice Arijit Pasayat.

Subramaniam made the submission quoting from the recommendations of the Raghvan Committee, which was formed earlier by the court to probe the malady.

The panel, which also included Justice Asok Kumar Ganguly, recommended a host of measures, including setting up of a hotline telephone service for the ragging victims to lodge the complaints or passing on information about ragging activities in educational campuses.

‘The union government in consultation with the University Grants Commission, Medical Council of India and All India Council for Technical Education and other similar regulatory bodies should set up a central crisis-hotline and anti-ragging database’ to be monitored by civil societies, said Subramanium, quoting the panel’s report.

The panel also stressed upon the ‘dire need’ to probe psychological aspect of the phenomena of ragging in educational institutions and sought appointment of a committee of psychologists and mental health experts for the job and to suggest remedial measures to tackle the malady.

‘There is a dire need to examine the psychological aspects of ragging, including its impact on young students and rationale behind seniors’ urge to rag and torment their juniors,’ said Subramaniam.

‘Ragging is similar to child abuse at home or at orphanages. Young men and women who are abused by their seniors under the pretext of ragging believe that the abusers are part of their extended family and automatically, in their minds, it becomes an internal family affair, and hence very rarely do students ever speak out against it,’ said the Raghvan panel report.

Pointing out that ‘substantial research has been carried out in Australia, Canada, the US and Ireland on the impact of abuse in schools, colleges and orphanages and other institutions’, the panel told the court that ‘the psychological scarring of ragging does not go away with time, but continues for many years, possibly through a person’s entire lifespan’.

The panel also doubted the sincerity of Medical Council of India’s efforts in curbing ragging in medical colleges and sought a probe into it.

It favoured entrusting a police station in-charge or the district’s superintendent of police directly liable to punitive measures for his failure to stop ragging in educational institutions within his territorial jurisdiction.

The panel made some Himachal Pradesh-specific suggestions, including appointment of a full-time hostel warden in various colleges educational institutions of the state.

It also favoured a probe into Kangra-based Rajendra Prasad Medical College and Hospital’s former principal Suresh Sankhyan’s ‘role in exacerbating ragging on campus, as well as his suitability as a faculty member and administrator’.

It was in this college that medical student Amann Kachroo had died March 8 following ragging by his four seniors. The apex court had taken note of the incident on its own.

After noting down various recommendations made by the Raghvan panel, the apex court sought the state government’s views to the suggestions and adjourned the mater for hearing on Thursday.
Indo Asian News Service

Five former royals in Madhya Pradesh battle

Bhopal, April 20 (IANS) The days of the Raj are over and the royals no longer exist but the urge to rule is still there. Not to be left behind in the electoral race, at least five members of erstwhile royal families will be wooing the electorate in Madhya Pradesh in the Lok Sabha polls.

Heading the pack is Congress heavyweight Jyotiraditya Scindia, scion of the former princely state of Gwalior, contesting from Guna. Armed with an Oxford education, Jyotiraditya Scindia is transforming himself from a distant, flamboyant prince to a mass leader.

The union minister of state for IT and communications in the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government is contesting elections for the third consecutive time from Guna. Jyotiraditya Scindia entered politics after his father Madhavrao Scindia died in a helicopter crash in 2001 and since then has been winning from the seat.

The other four heirs of erstwhile rulers are in the fray from Gwalior, Rajgarh, Rewa and Sidhi parliamentary constituencies in Madhya Pradesh going to polls April 23 and April 30.

Jyotiraditya Scindia’s aunt and late Rajmata Vijayaraje’s daughter Yashodhara Raje Scindia, is the Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP) nominee from Gwalior.

Considered to be successor of late Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia, Yashodhara Scindia is contesting for the third time and is facing Ashok Singh of the Congress whom she defeated in the previous elections with a margin of about 36,000 votes.

Yet another scion of a princely state in the fray is Laxman Singh, younger brother of All India Congress Committee (AICC) general secretary and former Madhya Pradesh chief minister Digvijay Singh.

Laxman Singh, of the Rajgarh princely state which came under Gwalior, is the BJP nominee from Rajgarh seat, from where he is the sitting MP. He has converted the contest into a ‘brother versus brother’ fight with one contesting the poll and the other campaigning against him. Having retained this seat on four occasions for the Congress, he switched over to the BJP in 2004 and won again.

Like Laxman Singh, Pushpraj Singh, heir of former ruler of Rewa, too is a former Congress member. He had been a minister in the erstwhile Congress regime in the state but later switched over to the Samajwadi Party on whose ticket he is contesting from Rewa constituency.

And most interesting is the case of Veena Singh, of the erstwhile state of Churhat in Sidhi district. She is the daughter of Union Human Resources Development (HRD) Minister Arjun Singh.

Contesting from Sidhi for the first time, as an independent candidate, she would be facing resistance from her brother, Congress legislator and former Madhya Pradesh minister Ajay Singh. Her father has announced that he would campaign for her rival Congress candidate Indrajit Patel.

(Sanjay Sharma can be contacted at sanjay.s@ians.in)
Sanjay Sharma

Girls’ magazine in soup for directing young readers to explicit sex talk website

London, Apr 13 (ANI): A girls’ magazine featuring TinkerBell and The Little Mermaid is under fire for directing young readers to a website containing explicit sex talk.

The Girl Power magazine’s December 2008 issue, targeted towards girls aged 7-13, directed them to a fashion-oriented site, which has a forum where older girls discuss pregnancy fears, anorexia and explicit sex acts.

The parent groups have expressed concerns over the unregulated content of the tween magazines.

Some of the magazines read by children as young as six urge kids to buy expensive adult perfumes and makeup.

It also sways them to have the latest “look” with detailed fashion spreads and beauty advice.

Some of the magazines also advertise products for small children and offer advice on boys.

Because of the lack of regulation, the Classification Board can only act if it receives a formal complaint.

Kids Free 2B Kids director Julie Gale said that the effect was insidious.

She said that tween magazines forced readers to grow up too quickly and “could very well impact on the mental health of the young girls reading them,” reports the Daily Telegraph.

The Senate inquiry heard numerous concerns about magazines directed at young girls.

Instead of implementing a rating system, it suggested reader advice on the cover about content, “indicating the presence of material that may be inappropriate for children”. (ANI)

Charlize Theron wants to have kids, but is not in a hurry

New Delhi, Apr 7 (ANI): Hollywood actress Charlize Theron has revealed that she is keen to have kids of her own with lover Stuart Townsend, but is in no hurry to get pregnant.

The ‘That Thing You Do’ actress says that though she has always wanted to become a mom one day, she just can’t tell it right now when that day would come, reports the China Daily.

“I’ve always known that I wanted to be a mom. I love children. I’ve always loved children. But I’m not like, ‘Oh my god, I really must have kids right now.’ I’ve never felt this pressing urge that some biological clock is ticking. We both want to be parents one day, but I’ve no idea when that will be,” Charlize said.

Theron also says that she is grateful to have found a loving partner like Stuart, who has added meaning to her life.

“Since I’ve been with Stuart, my vulnerability has become something I’m more comfortable with. I think there’s a part of me that is very much a survivor. I don’t know if it was in my genes, I don’t know what it is. But I guess being young and starting out in a sense of, ‘I’m not going to be a wallflower, and I’m not going to be messed with.’ That was the only way I knew how to survive at that time. But all that has changed since I’ve been with Stuart. I don’t feel like I’m in survival mode any more. I feel like it’s OK, I can breathe, so I’m very grateful to him,” Charlize told Marie Claire magazine. (ANI)

Big belly, obesity raise ‘restless legs syndrome’ risk

Washington, Apr 7 (ANI): Both a large belly and obesity can increase the risk of developing restless legs syndrome (RLS), a common sleep disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move your legs, a new study has shown.

The research is published in the April 7, 2009, print issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

For the study, researchers questioned 65,554 women and 23,119 men, all of whom were health professionals who took part in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study or the Nurses’ Health Study II. None of the participants had diabetes, arthritis or were pregnant. Of the groups, 6.4 percent of the women and 4.1 percent of the men were identified as having RLS.

The research found men and women with a body mass index (BMI) score over 30 were nearly one-and-a-half times more likely to have RLS than people who were not obese.

In addition, people who were in the top 20 percent of the group for highest waist circumference were more than one-and-a-half times more likely to have RLS than the bottom 20 percent of the group with the lowest belly size. The results were the same regardless of age, smoking, use of antidepressants or anxiety.

“These results may be important since obesity is a modifiable risk factor that is becoming increasingly common in the U.S.,” said study author Xiang Gao, MD, PhD, with the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston.

“More research is needed to confirm whether obesity causes RLS and whether keeping a low BMI score and small waist size could help prevent RLS,” the expert added.

Gao says some studies suggest that obese people have lower dopamine receptor levels in the brain.

“Since decreased dopamine function is believed to play a critical role in RLS as well, this could be the link between the two,” Gao said.

Dopamine is a chemical naturally produced by the body that transmits signals between nerve cells. (ANI)

Overcoming first temptation prevents you from slipping the next time

Washington, Apr 1 (ANI): The temptation to gorge on that sumptuous chocolate cake, or the urge to buy that discounted pair of shoes, can be curbed if a person has already been exposed to similar choices before, according to a study.

The study shows that people’s resistance gets a boost after they have just been exposed to similar temptations.

“The threat of overconsumption is a real one for many of us. It is all too easy to eat or spend too much, and many others struggle with their desire to smoke or to drink alcohol or to take another pain killer,” said authors Siegfried Dewitte, Sabrina Bruyneel (both K.U.Leuven), and Kelly Geyskens (Maastricht University, The Netherlands).

It was found that in situations when self-control is repeatedly tested, a defence strategy that works for a first temptation could be used to deal with the next.

“In a first study we showed that, consistent with common intuition, people performed worse at a difficult mental game than a control group if they had just attempted to control the content of their thoughts. However, those who had just engaged in a similar difficult mental game performed better than a control group,” wrote the authors.

In a second study, the authors exposed participants to candies, which they were not supposed to eat.

“Being exposed to candies without eating them indeed led to worse performance on a subsequent self-regulation task, but it also led to better regulation of candy consumption in a follow-up situation,” explained the authors.

In another study, participants were exposed to a series of consumption choices.

In each set of choices, there was one option that required more self-control than the other. For example, some participants had to choose between waiting two weeks for a discounted video game versus purchasing one at full price immediately.

After the series of choices, the subjects went through a final set of choices that were either different or similar to their previous ones.

“It turned out that participants became better at self-regulating their choices if they had been exposed to similar options before,” wrote the authors.

They added: “Together these studies demonstrate that although our resistance to temptation indeed wears out when we receive a series of different temptations, as common wisdom has it, our resistance gets a boost when we have just been exposed to a similar temptation.”

The study has been published in the Journal of Consumer Research. (ANI)

Weight loss can reduce incontinence in obese women

London, Jan 29 (ANI): Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco have suggested that behavioral weight-loss programs can be an effective way to reduce urinary incontinence in women who are overweight or obese.

“It has been well documented that behavioral weight-loss interventions decrease the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, improve control of high blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and improve mood and quality of life,” said Leslee L. Subak, MD, lead author on the study.

“Our results suggest that a decrease in urinary incontinence can now be added to the extensive list of health benefits associated with weight loss,” Subak added.

Subak said that previous studies have indicated that obesity is a strong risk factor for urinary incontinence.

In the new study, the research team sought to provide evidence of the beneficial effect of a weight loss program involving diet and exercise on urinary incontinence.

They randomly assigned 338 overweight and obese women aged 42 to 64 years with at least 10 episodes of urinary incontinence per week to either an intensive 6-month weight-loss program that included group diet, exercise, and behavioral modification sessions, or to a control group who received weight loss information but no rigorous guidance.

All participants received a booklet describing current methods for improving incontinence, including exercises for pelvic floor muscles.

Study participants in the weight-loss group lost an average of 17 pounds and reduced the weekly number of incontinence episodes by almost half (47 percent).

In comparison, the control group lost an average of 3 pounds per person and had a 28 percent decrease in weekly number of incontinence episodes.

The researchers also found that weight loss was more effective for stress incontinence (involuntary urine loss with coughing, sneezing, straining, or exercise) than urge incontinence (loss of urine associated with a strong urge to void).

Among women in the weight-loss group, a higher proportion achieved a clinically relevant reduction of at least 70 percent of total stress and urge incontinence episodes per week compared to the control group.

In addition, women in the weight loss group perceived greater improvement in the frequency of their urinary incontinence, lower volume of urine lost, less of a problem with incontinence and higher satisfaction with the change in their incontinence at 6 months, compared to women in the control group.

The research team will now examine additional data to determine whether the effect of weight loss can be maintained over an 18-month period.

“Improvement in urinary incontinence may be an additional way to motivate overweight women to make healthy lifestyle choices, such as weight loss and increased physical activity, impacting public health as well as an individual’s health and quality of life,” Subak said.

The findings appear in the January 29, 2009 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine. (ANI)

Weight loss can reduce incontinence in obese women

London, Jan 29 (ANI): Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco have suggested that behavioral weight-loss programs can be an effective way to reduce urinary incontinence in women who are overweight or obese.

“It has been well documented that behavioral weight-loss interventions decrease the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, improve control of high blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and improve mood and quality of life,” said Leslee L. Subak, MD, lead author on the study.

“Our results suggest that a decrease in urinary incontinence can now be added to the extensive list of health benefits associated with weight loss,” Subak added.

Subak said that previous studies have indicated that obesity is a strong risk factor for urinary incontinence.

In the new study, the research team sought to provide evidence of the beneficial effect of a weight loss program involving diet and exercise on urinary incontinence.

They randomly assigned 338 overweight and obese women aged 42 to 64 years with at least 10 episodes of urinary incontinence per week to either an intensive 6-month weight-loss program that included group diet, exercise, and behavioral modification sessions, or to a control group who received weight loss information but no rigorous guidance.

All participants received a booklet describing current methods for improving incontinence, including exercises for pelvic floor muscles.

Study participants in the weight-loss group lost an average of 17 pounds and reduced the weekly number of incontinence episodes by almost half (47 percent).

In comparison, the control group lost an average of 3 pounds per person and had a 28 percent decrease in weekly number of incontinence episodes.

The researchers also found that weight loss was more effective for stress incontinence (involuntary urine loss with coughing, sneezing, straining, or exercise) than urge incontinence (loss of urine associated with a strong urge to void).

Among women in the weight-loss group, a higher proportion achieved a clinically relevant reduction of at least 70 percent of total stress and urge incontinence episodes per week compared to the control group.

In addition, women in the weight loss group perceived greater improvement in the frequency of their urinary incontinence, lower volume of urine lost, less of a problem with incontinence and higher satisfaction with the change in their incontinence at 6 months, compared to women in the control group.

The research team will now examine additional data to determine whether the effect of weight loss can be maintained over an 18-month period.

“Improvement in urinary incontinence may be an additional way to motivate overweight women to make healthy lifestyle choices, such as weight loss and increased physical activity, impacting public health as well as an individual’s health and quality of life,” Subak said.

The findings appear in the January 29, 2009 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.(ANI)