Jharkhand man begs for alms to run orphanage

Dampara (Jharkhand), Sept 17 (ANI): Kantha Singh, a former motor mechanic, plays good samaritan for 42 orphans from tribal communities and runs an orphanage by begging for alms at Dampara village in Jharkhand.

Started in 2007, the orphanage had just 15 children. These children have been rendered homeless due to reckless alcoholism and polygamy prevalent in the area.

“They do not have any guardian. Some of them were even working, while others were living with relatives. We started the orphanage with 15 children, now we have 42. They are all taken care of and they are all studying,” said Singh.

Singh has voluntary workers at the orphanage, who beg for alms in the surrounding villages. The offerings by the people are not always enough. At times, the children have to make do with just salt and rice.

“We go from village to village begging for alms,” said Ramchandra Hembrum, a worker.

Singh’s service has earned him an invitation from the President. He and the other workers at the orphanage are now hopeful that the President would do something for the children.

The unexpected development has left them all overwhelmed.

“He will meet the President and talk to her about how difficult it is to run the orphanage. He will also talk about the needs of the children and all we need to run the orphanage well. He will also talk about their educational and other needs,” said Pather Saran, another worker.

Singh has also been taking care of the education of the orphans. He runs a school within the orphanage and hopes that the President will extend help, in his efforts to educate the children and ensure a good life for them. By Girija Shankar Ojha (ANI)

Scientists identify bacterial strains that can clear algal toxins from drinking water

Washington, September 7 (ANI): Researchers at Robert Gordon’s University, Aberdeen, have identified novel bacterial strains capable of neutralizing toxins produced by blue-green algae in drinking water.

Blooms of blue green algae (cyanobacteria) are found in both fresh and salt water throughout the world.

They produce toxins called microcystins which are released into the water and are easily ingested by animals and humans by drinking, swimming or bathing in contaminated water.

Once in the body, the toxins attack liver cells causing acute and chronic poisoning.

Conventional methods for water treatment such as sedimentation, sand filtration, flocculation and chlorination do not remove microcystins.

The researchers at Robert Gordon’s University have identified more than ten bacterial strains capable of metabolizing microcystins, breaking them down into harmless non-toxic materials.

The bacteria, Arthrobacter sp, Brevibacterium sp and Rhodococcus sp were able to break down six commonly occurring microcystins.

Six of the strains were incubated in river water with variants of the toxin to simulate natural conditions. All six strains were able to degrade the microcystins.

“The costs of advanced water purification strategies are beyond most of the world’s population,” said Aakash Welgama, from Robert Gordon’s University.

“Using bacteria to remove microcystins from water provides a reliable, cost-effective purification system, which does not involve any use of harmful chemicals or any other substances harmful to the environment,” he added. (ANI)

Scientists using laser light to generate underwater sound

Washington, September 6 (ANI): The United States Naval Research Laboratory is working on a new technology that uses flashes of laser light to remotely create underwater sound.

Researchers behind the project say that the new technology has the potential to expand and improve both Naval and commercial underwater acoustic applications, including undersea communications, navigation, and acoustic imaging.

Dr. Ted Jones, a physicist in the Plasma Physics Division, is leading a team of researchers from the Plasma Physics, Acoustics, and Marine Geosciences Divisions in developing this acoustic source.

The researchers used a 532 nm laser pulse for their study at the Salt Water Tank Facility.

They also used air bubblers and controlled water and air temperatures to create ocean-like conditions in the laboratory.

The research team could efficiently convert light into sound by concentrating the light sufficiently to ionize a small amount of water, which then absorbed laser energy and superheats.

They said that the result was a small explosion of steam that could generate a 220 decibel pulse of sound.

Given that the driving laser pulse has the ability to travel through both air and water, the researchers say that a compact laser on either an underwater or airborne platform can be used for remote acoustic generation.

They believe that their method would be a significant addition to traditional direct backscattering acoustic data. (ANI)

Hospital food in UK found to be worse than prison meals

London, Sep 1 (ANI): A new study has shown that food provided at hospitals in the UK is worse than that served to prison inmates, despite huge amounts of money spent by the patients.

According to the Bournemouth University study, jail diets were far “better than most civilians have”, and researchers found people on NHS wards do not get the same standard and staff do not check if the food is eaten.

Around 40 percent of patients are malnourished when they arrive at a hospital, but the situation does not tend to improve while they are there.

“Hospital patients don’t consume enough. If you are using food as a means of treatment then it’s not working,” Sky News quoted Professor John Edwards as saying.

“And from the work we’ve done we know that people who sit round a table eat a lot more, but this doesn’t happen in hospitals,” he said.

The study found that trays are removed by cleaning staff so that doctors do not know how much was eaten.

In addition, set mealtimes mean patients undergoing tests may miss food altogether, and the researchers said that there was a lack of enough support for those who needed help eating and drinking.

In contrast, prison food was found to be cheaper and healthier.

“If you are in prison then the diet you get is extremely good in terms of nutritional content,” Edwards explained.

“The food that is provided is actually better than most civilians have. There’s a focus on carbohydrates, then there’s the way they prepare the food, it’s very healthy.

“They don’t add salt and there’s relatively little frying of food – if you have a burger then it goes in the oven,” he added.

A spokesman for the Department of Health said that good food was important for a patient’s treatment and experience of NHS services.

“The majority of patients are satisfied with the food they receive in hospitals, and we are working to improve services further,” he stated. (ANI)

Phoenix pastor who prays for Obama’s death faces flak

Washington, Sep. 1 (ANI): Protestors have started voicing their opposition outside the congregation of a Phoenix-based pastor, who tells his parishioners that he prays for President Obama’s death.

Phoenix-based Pastor Steven Anderson attracted widespread attention after he delivered a sermon titled, “Why I Hate Barack Obama,” and encouraged his parishioners to join him in praying for the president’s death.

“I hope that God strikes Barack Obama with brain cancer so he can die like Ted Kennedy and I hope it happens today,” Fox News quoted him, as saying.

He called his message “spiritual warfare” and said he does not condone killing.

However, some protesters gathered around his church on Sunday, calling Anderson’s words “incomprehensible.”

According to the report, Anderson has also received some death threats.

Anderson’s provocative message stems from Obama’s abortion-rights stance.

In his controversial sermon, delivered at his Faithful Word Baptist Church in Tempe before Obama arrived for a speech in Phoenix earlier in the month, the pastor had said he wants the president to “melt like a snail” with salt on it.

“I’m gonna pray that he dies and goes to hell when I go to bed tonight. That’s what I’m gonna pray,” he told his congregation.

The last time fierce opposition to Obama’s abortion position drew widespread attention was when Obama delivered the commencement address at the University of Notre Dame, the report said.

The Anderson sermon was also in news after it was reported that one man carrying an assault rifle outside the Phoenix arena where Obama spoke was a member of Anderson’s church, the report added. (ANI)

Scientists propose new mechanism for dune formation on Saturn’s largest moon

Washington, August 26 (ANI): A new research paper has proposed a possible new mechanism for the development of very large linear dunes formed on the surface of Titan, Saturn’s largest moon.

The paper, authored by LSU (Louisiana State University) Department of Geography and Anthropology Chair Patrick Hesp and United States Geological Survey scientist David Rubin, is titled – “Multiple origins of linear dunes on Earth and Titan.”

The authors examined the linear – or longitudinal – dunes that stretch across the surface of China’s Qaidam Basin, finding them composed of sand and some salt and silt.

The latter two elements make the dunes cohesive or sticky.

According to the study, this leads to a complete change in dune form from transverse dunes to linear dunes, even though the wind speed and direction does not change.

Typically, transverse dunes are formed by winds from a narrow directional range while longitudinal or linear dunes are formed by winds from two obliquely opposing directions.

These findings offer an alternative interpretation of similar dunes found on Titan.

Hesp and Rubin suggest that if the giant linear dunes found on the surface of Titan are also formed from cohesive sediment, then they too could be formed by single-direction winds.

This is in sharp contrast to earlier studies, which assumed that the sediments were loose and interpreted the dune shape as evidence of winds coming from alternating directions.

The alternative hypothesis that Titan’s linear dunes are formed in cohesive sediment has significant implications for studies on Titan.

If the Hesp and Rubin alternative is correct, new hypotheses regarding the composition, origin, evolution, grain size, stickiness, quantity, global transport patterns and suitability for wind transport of Titan’s sediment; the velocities, directions and seasonal patterns of Titan’s winds; and overall surface wetness will all have to be completely reassessed. (ANI)

Ponting’s legacy as Oz captain on the line at The Oval

London, Aug.19 (ANI): The fifth Ashes Test, which begins at The Oval from tomorrow, will be a defining one for Australia captain Ricky Ponting.

Victory at The Oval will hand Ponting something that is demanded of any Australia captain worth his salt, a series victory over England, in England, reports Fox Sports.

A draw or worse and Ponting will have failed in two attempts to overcome the old enemy – each series with the world’s No.1 team.

That Ponting engineered only the second 5-0 Ashes whitewash in between times will be remembered fondly, but, unfairly, it will be overshadowed by his failings in England.

A stalemate will be enough for Australia to retain the Ashes, but the man they call Punter will have just one outcome in mind: victory.

Ponting’s standing as an all-time batting great is secure, but for a captain who’s leadership qualities constantly come under question, it’s not stretching things to say his legacy is at stake.

“The pressure is on. Your captaincy gets rated on series wins, but also on how we go against the old enemy. It wouldn’t please Ponting to have another series defeat in England on his CV,” says ex-captain Allan Border.

“I’ve said from the start about how much it would mean to me to win here. It’s a chance I’ve been waiting for this whole tour and a chance the whole team has been waiting for,” Ponting adds.

Should Australia lose, Ponting will join Billy Murdoch as the only captains of Australia to lose two Test series in England. It would be an immovable blemish on his record, and grist to the mill for Ponting’s numerous detractors.

“He’s probably not saying too much publicly, but privately it would be burning that he wants to right that wrong. He wants to come away as an Ashes-retaining captain,” Border told Fox Sports.

Pushing 35, this will almost certainly be Ponting’s last tour of England. The Oval might even be his last Test match against the Poms. He’s had a mixed series with the bat and as a tactician, all the while contending with the goading of British media and fans who have not forgotten Ponting’s ill feeling in 2005.

Ponting’s vice-captain and heir apparent, Michael Clarke, has meanwhile been in astonishing form. Probably the player of the series to date, Clarke led by example with two very Ponting-like knocks, backs-against-the-wall centuries, at Lord’s and Edgbaston.

Despite Ponting’s advancing age and Clarke’s obvious leadership potential, Border does not believe The Oval result will have any influence on Ponting’s position as captain of Australia.

“I get the feeling Ponting’s very comfortable with where he’s at, both as a player and as a captain,” said Border, who started Australia’s long-running hold over in England in 1989, and who was an Ashes-winning captain three times.

“Stepping down as captain and continuing as a player doesn’t work in our system. Ricky will know when it’s the right time to hand over the reins,” he adds. (ANI)

Global warming may spell demise of key salt marsh constituent

Washington, July 14 (ANI): A new research has shown that global warming may exact a toll on salt marshes in New England, with one key constituent of marshes being especially endangered.

Pannes are waterlogged, low-oxygen zones of salt marshes.

According to Keryn Gedan, a graduate student and salt marsh expert at Brown University, despite the stresses associated with global warming, pannes are “plant diversity hotspots,”

“At least a dozen species of plants known as forbs inhabit these natural depressions,” Gedan said.

The species include the purple flower-tipped plants Limonium nashii (sea lavender), the edible plant Salicornia europaea (pickleweed) and Triglochin maritima, a popular food for Brent and Canada geese as well as ducks and other migratory waterfowl.

Gedan and her adviser, Mark Bertness, chair of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department at Brown, decided to find out how global warming may affect pannes.

In a series of experiments, the pair subjected plots of forb pannes to air as much as 3.3 degrees Celsius (about 6 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than the surrounding area.

They found that the plants in the test plots responded initially by growing more but then began a rapid die-off. As they died, they were replaced by a salt marsh grass, Spartina patens.

At two sites – Nag Creek (Prudence Island, Rhode Island), and Little River (Maine) – the forbs covered less than 10 percent of the plot, from 50 percent originally, in tests that spanned the summer from 2004 to 2006.

At the third site, Drakes Island (Maine), the forb pannes cover decreased from 50 percent of the plot to 44 percent (a 12-percent decline) in just the summer of 2007.

The researchers believe the forbs disappeared due to changes in the plant-water balance in the zone.

What that means, Gedan explained, is the warmer air causes the forbs to take in more water, thus making the area less waterlogged and more hospitable to an invasion by Spartina patens, which prefers less water-soaked conditions.

“The forbs basically engineer themselves out of their habitat by making it more favorable for their competitor,” said Gedan.

The Brown experiments “demonstrate that New England salt marsh pannes are extremely sensitive to temperature increases and will be driven to local and regional extinction with the temperature increases expected to occur in New England over the next century,” Bertness said. (ANI)

Salt-tolerant crops come a step closer to reality

Washington, July 8 (ANI): An international team of scientists has developed salt-tolerant plants using a new type of genetic modification (GM), bringing salt-tolerant cereal crops a step closer to reality.

The research team, based at the University of Adelaide’s Waite Campus in Australia, has used a new GM technique to contain salt in parts of the plant where it does less damage.

Salinity affects agriculture worldwide, which means the results of this research could impact on world food production and security.

The work has been led by researchers from the Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and the University of Adelaide’s School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, in collaboration with scientists from the Department of Plant Sciences at the University of Cambridge, UK.

According to Professor Tester, his team used the technique to keep salt – as sodium ions (Na+) – out of the leaves of a model plant species.

“Salinity affects the growth of plants worldwide, particularly in irrigated land where one third of the world’s food is produced. And it is a problem that is only going to get worse, as pressure to use less water increases and quality of water decreases,” said the team’s leader, Professor Mark Tester, from the School of Agriculture, Food and Wine at the University of Adelaide and the Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics (ACPFG).

“Helping plants to withstand this salty onslaught will have a significant impact on world food production,” he added.

The researchers modified genes specifically around the plant’s water conducting pipes (xylem) so that salt is removed from the transpiration stream before it gets to the shoot.

“This reduces the amount of toxic Na+ building up in the shoot and so increases the plant’s tolerance to salinity,” Professor Tester said.

“In doing this, we’ve enhanced a process used naturally by plants to minimize the movement of Na+ to the shoot. We’ve used genetic modification to amplify the process, helping plants to do what they already do – but to do it much better,” he added.

The team is now in the process of transferring this technology to crops such as rice, wheat and barley.

“Our results in rice already look very promising,” Professor Tester said. (ANI)

Jolie beats Aniston to be named ‘Hollywood’s top earning actress’

New Delhi, July 2 (ANI): Angelina Jolie has been named Hollywood’s top earning actress by Forbes magazine after she raked in 27 million dollars in the past year.

Her partner Brad Pitt’s ex-wife Jennifer Aniston, who raked in 25 million dollars in the last 12 months, came second, reports the China Daily.

Jolie earned most of the money from her share of the profits from her action film ‘Wanted,’ but she was also paid a large upfront sum for her role in ‘Salt.’

Aniston earned most of her millions from the romantic comedy ‘Marley and Me’ and her upcoming film ‘The Baster.’

“Aniston also still earns money from (reruns of TV series) Friends and she gets a nice paycheck shilling for Glaceau’s SmartWater,” Forbes.com said.

Meryl Streep landed the third spot with 24 million dollars while Sarah Jessica Parker came fourth with 23 million dollars.

Cameron Diaz rounded off the top five after raking in 20 million dollars in the last 12 months. (ANI)

20 K pound Mahatma Gandhi statue unveiled in Leicester

Leicester (UK), June 27 (ANI): A large statue of Mahatma Gandhi was unveiled in this southeastern English city on Friday by British Home Secretary Alan Johnson amid tight security after internet protesters warned it could be defaced.

Around 1,000 people, including a large number ethnic Indians, turned up to watch the unveiling by Johnson and Hindu spiritual leader Swami Satyamitrananda of Hardwar.

The seven and a half feet tall bronze statue is placed on five-and-a-half-foot plinth.

Sculpted by Gautam Pal and shipped from Kolkata, it was placed on Belgrave Road, a thriving Indian business and shopping area in the heart of Leicester, a city known as Little India for its population of 280,000 ethnic Indians – the second largest Indian settlement in Britain after London.

Local MP Keith Vaz, one of the main drivers of the project – Indian Consul General Jordana Pavel, Leicester Lord Mayor Roger Blackmoore, the city’s second MP Peter Salisbury, several noted businessmen and councilors and members of the charity Samanvaya Parivar, attended the unveling of the 20,000 pound statue.

Women broke into spontaneous singing of ‘Raghupati Raghav’ and ‘Vaishnava Jana to’ – two of Gandhi’s favourite Hindi hymns – as the statue was unveiled before milling crowds.

Johnson said the Gandhi statue would offer ‘comfort, reassurance and serenity to people in Leicester and around the world.’

“Inclusiveness and diversity were the cornerstones of Gandhi’s beliefs long before these words became fashionable,” added Vaz.

The statue was paid for by the charity Samanvaya Parivar.

Some locals who said authorities should honour Leicester football hero Gary Lineker instead of Gandhi opposed the statue, sculpted in the famous Dandi salt march pose.

But the former England captain declared he supported Gandhi for reasons of diversity. (ANI)

Saturn’s moon Enceladus may host a salty ocean

London, June 25 (ANI): A new research by European scientists has provided evidence that an enormous plume of water spurts in giant jets from the south pole of Saturn’s moon Enceladus is fed by a salty ocean, a discovery that may have implications for the search for extraterrestrial life.

The Cassini spacecraft made a surprising discovery about Saturn’s sixth largest moon, Enceladus, on its exploration of the giant ringed planet in 2005.

Enceladus ejects water vapor, gas and tiny grains of ice into space hundreds of kilometers above the moon’s surface.

Enceladus orbits in Saturn’s outermost “E” ring. It is one of only three outer solar system bodies that produce active eruptions of dust and vapor.

Moreover, aside from the Earth, Mars, and Jupiter’s moon Europa, it is one of the only places in the solar system for which astronomers have direct evidence of the presence of water.

New understanding of how this plume is produced was revealed in 2008 by Juergen Schmidt of the University of Potsdam, Germany, and Nikolai Brilliantov of the University of Leicester, and colleagues.

They explained how the water vapor jets are blasted out much faster than the dust particles. To work their theory required that Enceladus has an ocean of liquid water below its surface.

The same team, working with Frank Postberg of the University of Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, in Heidelberg, has now found the direct experimental evidence for the presence of this ocean, which was previously lacking.

Current theories of satellite formation suggest that should a moon have a deep liquid ocean in contact with the body’s rocky core, for many millions of years, then it should be a salty ocean.

The team now reports the detection of sodium salts among the dust ejected in the Enceladus plume.

Postberg and colleagues have studied data from the Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA) onboard the Cassini spacecraft and have combined this data with laboratory experiments.

They have shown that the icy grains in the Enceladus plume contain substantial quantities of sodium salts, hinting at the salty ocean deep below.

The theory, proposed by Brilliantov and Schmidt, has allowed the team to relate the detected salt in the CDA with the likely concentration in the water vapor above the ocean, which proves the consistency of the experimental data.

The results of the study imply that the concentration of sodium chloride in the ocean can be as high as that of Earth’s oceans and is about 0.1-0.3 moles of salt per kilogram of water. (ANI)

Schreiber happy to finally find flaw with flawless Jolie

New York, June 24 (ANI): Liev Schreiber has said that he was glad to find his “perfect” Salt co-star Angelina Jolie flawed.

The 6-foot-3 star revealed he had imagined the stunning beauty to be short but was happy to find her shorter at 5-foot-8.

“She’s a lot shorter than I thought she would be, but I was pleased by that. I’m happy there was a flaw,” the New York Daily News quoted the actor as saying.

Schreiber, who recently celebrated his Hamptons magazine Father’s Day cover, added: “Having said that, I think Angelina is pretty talented. And a remarkable human being, and a great mom.

“She’s definitely not like any other lady I know.” (ANI)

Neanderthals dried hunks of big game meat for easy transport

Washington, June 24 (ANI): A new study has determined that necessity compelled Neanderthals to dry hunks of big game meat for easy transport.

According to a report in Discovery News, the findings help to explain how Neanderthals could transport meat over long distances without it rotting, as well as how they survived the often chilly conditions of Northern Europe.

Taking into consideration basic movements needed for hunting and survival, such as walking and wood cutting, study author Bent Sorensen said that Neanderthal groups would have needed about 1,792 pounds of meat per month, requiring one mammoth – or other big game kill – every seven weeks.

Animal bones and stone tools at Neanderthal sites indicate they hunted away from home.

In order to transport meat, Sorensen thinks they must have dried it somehow. But, he said, “I do not know of any evidence for (them) using salt.”

“As for preparation, boiling is much more efficient and nutrient-conserving than frying, and evidence from more recent Stone Age settlements confirm that meat was boiled in ceramic pots or skin bags,” he said.

“However, it is still likely that frying over the camp fire was the usual method in Neanderthal communities, since no containers for boiling have been found,” he added.

“Carrying dried meat from a mammoth home could now be done by seven to eight round trips (over) 14 to 16 days,” he further added.

The Neanderthals may have just eaten the plain jerky, which could have been made from horse, red deer, woolly rhinoceros, bison, as well as mammoth, based on bone finds.

“They also probably transported meat back home and cooked it there,” said Sorensen.

According to the new study, Neanderthals also likely wore tailored clothing.

Neanderthals sported “one or two layers of skins/furs and wrapped skins/furs for shoes, held together by leather strings,” the study determined.

“Neanderthal tooth marks indicate chewing hides for softening, which is essential for clothes making,” said Sorensen.

Even with warm fires lit in caves and at other home sites, Sorensen believes Neanderthals must have slept underneath mammoth skins and other coverings.

Tools found for making clothes, such as hide scrapers and points for poking holes in animal skins, support his contention that Neanderthals dressed in well-fitted layers. (ANI)

Scientists suggest new animal model to test carcinogen risk

Washington, June 19 (ANI): Researchers at Oregon State University have suggested a new and improved method to test carcinogen risk.

They said that trout can be a superior animal model than laboratory rats, and other traditional methods of assessing the risk of carcinogens.

“The whole foundation of modern toxicology is that the dose makes the poison,” said George Bailey, an OSU distinguished professor emeritus of molecular and environmental toxicology.

“You can die from eating a few tablespoons of ordinary table salt at one time, but that doesn’t mean that table salt is a poison at the doses that humans normally consume.

“With compounds that we know can cause cancer, the real question is how much is too much.

“What we have found is that traditional approaches to making that evaluation, which are almost always based on studies done at very high doses with laboratory rodents, may not always give us answers that are reasonably accurate,” he added.

Researchers are usually trying to determine what can cause cancer at levels considered unacceptable.

However, the age-old problem they have faced is the cost and laboratory logistics making it virtually impossible to test millions of rats.

“When using rodents, it simply was not possible to study larger numbers of animals, the cost was too prohibitive,” said Linus Pauling Institute at OSU.

The Oregon State University researchers have revealed that rainbow trout may for many purposes be as or more accurate in determining what compounds, at what levels, can pose a risk of human cancer.

They have pioneered the use of trout for studies of this type for 40 years, and researchers believe that it may now be time to greatly expand the use of that research.

“We can do experiments with trout in large numbers at very low cost, about 5 percent of what a rodent study would cost,” she said.

“For most studies of carcinogens, exposing 2,000 rodents would be a huge project. For us, working with 2,000 trout is a pilot study,” she added.

The OSU scientists recently completed the largest study ever done with animals in toxicology, exposing 40,800 trout to what’s considered an “ultra-low” dose of dibenzo-a,l-pyrene, a chemical that can cause liver cancer and is part of a broad field of toxic compounds called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs.

The study determined that a tolerable threshold for human exposure to this toxic chemical would be 500 to 1,500 times higher than is outlined by the Environmental Protection Agency.(ANI)

Hypertension doubles already elevated risk of heart disease in diabetics

New Delhi, May 21 (ANI): The presence of hypertension doubles the already elevated risk of heart disease in diabetics, and at the same time, increases the risk for other vascular complications such as strokes, retinal damage and peripheral vascular disease.

Detailing the specifics on the subject, Dr. Vikas Ahluwalia, president of Diabetes Care Foundation of India, says hypertension also greatly accelerates the progression of kidney disease in diabetics.

Both diabetes and hypertension are dangerous because they usually have no symptoms, he adds.

“You can be feeling fine at the same time as damage to internal organs is progressing. It is important to treat diabetes and hypertension early before one feels the symptoms and reaches a stage when things go out of control,” he opines.

There are six facts that need to be highlighted:

1. Hypertension is twice as common in Diabetes Mellitus.

2. New onset Diabetes Mellitus is 2.5 times in hypertension.

3. 20 to 40 percent of IGT patients have hypertension.

4. 40 to 50 percent of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus have hypertension.

5. Only 1/4 of hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus is controlled.

6. Diabetes Mellitus and hypertension increases cardio-vascular risk three fold.

In Dr. Ahluwalia’s opinion, these problems can be treated at an early stage by following a prescribed diet, exercising, and taking medications as directed.

“At a later stage treatment, it is often more difficult. For example, end-stage kidney disease may require dialysis, or heart disease may require bypass surgery. Therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) are very important at all stages / severity and are common for both Diabetes Mellitus and hypertension,” Dr. Ahluwalia adds.

The lifestyle changes should include regular 30 minutes of moderately intense exercise after consulting your physician; No tobacco and minimal intake of alcohol; Salt restriction to less than six grams per day; Avoid high salt foods – pickles, savories; Use of K containing foods – fruits, vegetables; Weight reduction – goal ideal weight and Reduce coffee consumption.

He also says that it is essential to set yourself blood pressure targets.

If you are a diabetic Without proteinuria, Dr. Ahluwalia says the ideal blood pressure would be – 130/80, while with proteinuria it should be 125/75.

The maximum blood pressure in the event of anyone having Diabetes Mellitus is 130/80.

He concludes that almost all Diabetes Mellitus patients require 1 drug for Hypertension.

Identify the co-morbidity – CAD, CKD, CVD.

Dr. Ahluwalia can be contacted as follows:

Dr Vikas Ahluwalia

Director- Diabetes Care Foundation Of India

diabetescarefoundation@gmail.com

Address B -4/234, Safdarjung Enclave,

New Delhi- 110029, 9910328390/26167893 (ANI)

Cold, wet Mars may have been just as hospitable to life as a warm one

London, May 21 (ANI): A new study has suggested that a cold, wet Mars may have been just as hospitable to life as a warm one.

According to a report in New Scientist, the study investigated what would happen to various mineral solutions on Mars.

Researchers found that solutions containing certain combinations of sulphur, silicon and other ions stay liquid even down to -28 degree Celsius – a much more plausible temperature for early Mars than one above 0 degrees C.

“The results were a happy surprise,” said Ricardo Amils of the Astrobiology Centre in Madrid, Spain. “The concentrations you need are not much higher than seawater,” he added.

In the study, Alberto Fairen of NASA’s Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California, used models to determine what would happened to water loaded up with generous helpings of calcium, sodium, silicon, iron and sulphur ions, among others.

The relative concentrations of the ingredients matched mineral compositions sampled by four Mars probes: the Landers Viking 1 and Mars Pathfinder, and the rovers Spirit and Opportunity.

In many cases, the water not only remained liquid at extremely low temperatures, but precipitated minerals as it got colder, including jarosite, haematite and gypsum, which are all present on Mars today.

The study may resolve a conundrum about water on Mars.

Despite much evidence that suggests water was once present on the surface, it has proven virtually impossible to come up with a Martian climate model in which liquid water remains stable for long.

In addition, different carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in Fairen’s models make little difference to the results, which suggests that only modest amounts of greenhouse gases may have been required to maintain standing water on ancient Mars.

Significantly, the solutions modeled by Fairen ranged in concentration between 5 and 6 per cent; Earth’s seawater, for comparison, has a concentration of 3.5 per cent.

Such concentrations are well within the comfort zone of numerous families of microbes on Earth, which suggests a cold, wet Mars may have been just as hospitable to life as a warm one.

The results could explain the water droplets apparently clinging to and even rolling down the landing struts of the Mars Phoenix Lander in images from the spacecraft.
he water is assumed to have come from ice melted by Phoenix’s thrusters at the landing site, but it was thought it could only remain liquid on Mars if it contained extremely high concentrations of salt.

“They may not need a lot of salt,” said Amils. (ANI)

Ancient Mexicans used to smoke pipes and drink tequila

Washington, May 14 (ANI): Archaeologists have discovered an island for ancient elites in central Mexico, which has ruins where some artifacts have been found that indicate that the inhabitants used to smoke pipes and drink alcoholic drinks, such as tequila, from A.D. 1400 to 1520.

According to a report in National Geographic News, the island features ruins of a treasury and a small pyramid that may have been used for rituals.

The island, called Apupato, belonged to the powerful Tarascan Empire, which dominated much of western Mexico from A.D. 1400 to 1520, before the European conquest of the region.

The Purepecha people-named Tarascan by the Spanish-were formidable enemies with their neighbors, the Aztec.

From their powerful capital city and religious center Tzintzuntzan, the Tarascans successfully thwarted every attack by the Aztec.

Tarascan people valued such products as honey, cotton, feathers, and salt, and they often expanded into neighboring lands in search of these goods.

Fisher and colleagues found a square structure with a formal entrance that is believed to have been an imperial treasury.

Adjacent to the treasury is a small pyramid, which has large, open rooms that would have been suitable for ritual activity.

Pipe fragments were also found near the treasury. The pipe discoveries may bear out ritual descriptions on a previously found ancient Spanish scroll.

The scroll shows people smoking pipes and drinking pulque-a drink made of agave, a crucial crop used for alcoholic drinks, such as tequila, and syrup, according to Fisher.

The scroll also describes ritual treasury caches dedicated to specific gods.

“Toward the end of the island’s Tarascan occupation, the area was a “ritual center” where people of elite status lived and worked,” said Fisher.

The team identified a colonial-era chapel from the early 1500s, built in the first 20 years of the Spanish conquest.

“Evidence of crop cultivation also suggests that humans continuously occupied the site for 2,000 years,” Fisher said.

The entire island was covered in agricultural terraces, possibly to grow agave.

People created the terraces by digging sections of land about 6.6 feet (2 meters) wide, with earthen walls and a ditch on either side. (ANI)

Vatican temporarily in denial over Pope’s Hitler Youth past

Rome, May 13 (ANI): The Vatican has involved itself in a fresh public relations fiasco for seeking to rewrite the biography of Pope Benedict XVI by denying that he was ever a member of the Hitler Youth.

Even though the 82-year-old German pontiff has admitted in numerous interviews that he was drafted unwillingly into the Nazi youth movement towards the end of the war, his spokesman came up with another version.

“The Pope was never in the Hitler Youth, never, never, never,” The Telegraph quoted Father Federico Lombardi, chief spokesman for the Pope, as saying at a press conference in Jerusalem.

Father Lombardi tried to draw a distinction between pro-Nazi Germans who volunteered for the Hitler Youth and young men, like the pontiff, who were forced to join the anti-aircraft unit but who, he claimed, were not necessarily in the Hitler Youth.

But his comments contradicted statements the Pope himself has made.

In the 1996 book “Salt of the Earth”, the Pope told Peter Seewald, a German journalist: “At first we weren’t, but when the compulsory Hitler Youth was introduced in 1941, my brother was obliged to join. I was still too young, but later, as a seminarian, I was registered in the HY. As soon as I was out of the seminary, I never went back.”

Late yesterday Father Lombardi withdrew his earlier comments, saying that Benedict had, indeed, been forced to join the Hitler Youth.

Father Lombardi made his comments in the wake of a critical response in Israel to the Pope’s choice of language over the Holocaust during the first day of his trip to Israel.

In clarifying his suggestion that the Pope had not been a member of the Hitler Youth, Father Lombardi said he had intended to dispute suggestions in the Israeli media that the Pope had been an enthusiastic Nazi as a boy. (ANI)

Diet, exercise, weight maintenance are key to cut cancer risk

London, May 12 (ANI): A healthy diet, regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight are the three best ways to ensure a reduced risk of cancer, according to recommendations by the World Cancer Research Fund.

Looking at the evidence on the links between diet and physical activity and cancer, an independent international panel of experts and researchers took five years to sift through 500,000 studies, and to analyse the 7,000 most relevant, to come up with 10 recommendations to best reduce a person’s risk of cancer.

And their main finding was that eating a healthy diet, being regularly physically active, and maintaining a healthy weight were the three best strategies.

The panel suggests that a healthy diet is based around fibre-rich plant foods with only modest amounts of alcohol, salt and red meat, and little if any processed meat, reports the Scotsman.

While the evidence suggests that fruits and veggies probably reduce risk of cancer, one needs to eat a wide variety to get as many different nutrients as possible.

The panel recommends that one should not take dietary supplements.

According to estimates, just eating healthily, exercising and maintaining a healthy body weight could prevent almost one-third of the most common cancers, and if followed these recommendations could also help reduce risk of other diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes.

The panel has also recommended avoiding sugary drinks and limiting consumption of foods that are energy dense, i.e., they have a lot of calories for their weight.

Limiting calories is important for cancer prevention because one of the report’s main messages is the evidence that being overweight increases risk of cancer is stronger now than ever before.

Thus, it is recommended that people should aim to be as lean as possible without becoming underweight.

And another way to maintain a healthy weight is to make sure that one is physically active, because it helps keeping you trim, and can also reduce your risk of cancer in its own right.

In their recommendations, experts have asked people to be active at a moderate level or more for at least half an hour a day.

However, being active doesn’t necessarily mean working out in the gym, but can even include things like brisk walking, cycling and even housework.

Also, the entire workout for the day should not be done in one go, which means that if you are walking ten minutes to the shops, that counts towards your total.

Incorporating activity into your existing daily routine is in fact the best way of sticking to it in the long term. (ANI)