Stop blaming Pakistan for ‘home grown’ terror plots, Qureshi tells UK

London, Sep.19 (ANI): Pakistan Foreign Minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi has asked Britain to stop blaming Islamabad for the ‘home grown’ terror plots against the UK.

Referring to Britain’s lashing out at Pakistan on the liquid bomb plot issue, Qureshi said it was unfair to criticize Pakistan for every terror plot hatched in Britain.

“It is easy to pass the buck, but they (liquid bomb plotters) were British citizens. They went to school here, they are part of the British system, and they live here. If they do something extraordinary is it fair that Pakistan should be blamed?” The Independent quoted Qureshi, as saying.

Pakistan has been critical of Britain’s accusations and has objected to allegations regarding it not doing enough to counter the expanding reach of the extremists based in the country’s tribal region.

A top Pakistani diplomat recently reacted strongly to Britain’s accusations regarding Pakistan harbouring extremists plotting to attack the UK.

The diplomat charged Britain of not doing enough to tackle home grown terrorists and treating Pakistan as a “whipping boy”.

“Sometimes for our British friends the truth is bitter. We have somehow turned out to be a ‘whipping boy’, there is a long history to that. The British need to search their own house,” the diplomat had said.

It may be recalled that Prime Minister Gordon Brown, during his Islamabad visit earlier this year, had said: “Three-quarters of the most serious plots investigated by the British authorities have links to Al-Qaida in Pakistan.”

Brown’s statement had angered Pakistani leadership and strained relationship between two countries, but things normalized later with President Asif Ali Zardari visit to the UK. (ANI)

Ambika Soni reaffirms commitment to Public Service Broadcasting Trust

New Delhi, Sept 15 (ANI): The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting has renewed its commitment of financial support to the Public Service Broadcasting Trust (PSBT), a Delhi-based NGO.

Under the plan scheme component for production of documentaries through NGOs, the Films Division would grant funds to the PSBT, which has been short-listed for production of documentaries for the current financial year.

In the past also, the Doordarshan and the PSBT have had a successful public-private partnership.

Over the past nine years, a large number of documentary films have been funded by the Doordarshan.

Among the National Non-Feature Film Awards-2007, at least four of such joint productions of the Prasar Bharati and the PSBT have won accolades.

Speaking on the occasion of ‘Commemorating 50 years of Public Television In India’, Minister for Information and Broadcasting Ambika Soni invited suggestions from the luminaries of PSBT Trustees for making the Public Service Broadcaster-Doordarshan more vibrant and interesting while retaining its commitment for healthy entertainment suitable for family viewing.

Soni also reiterated that her Ministry would continue to strive to encourage creative skills so long as they honour the sensibilities of all single television viewing families.

The Minister exhorted the young filmmakers – particularly those who are the beneficiaries of the PSBT-Ministry fellowships, to take up the challenge of making relevant programmes for particularly the marginalized strata of society.

“The Doordarshan is the only channel with the widest terrestrial reach which caters to the remotest and border areas often neglected by the commercial interests of other channels,” she added.

She also invited stalwarts like Shyam Benegal (a PSBT Trustee), who had made the memorable ‘Bharat ek khoj’ serial for Doordarshan in the past, to contribute meaningfully to Doordarshan again.

Adoor Gopalkrishnan (Chairman PSBT)’s new film “Oru Pennum Randaanum”, funded by Doordarshan was screened on the occasion. (ANI)

President Patil condoles passing away of Dr. Norman Boralaug

New Delhi, Sep.13 (ANI): President Pratibha Devisingh Patil on Monday condoled the passing away of Nobel Laureate Dr. Norman Borlaug.

“With the passing away of Dr. Norman Borlaug, an era has ended, in which he spearheaded a scientific revolution in agriculture. At a time in the sixties when the country was facing the spectre of severe food shortages, the introduction of Dr. Borlaug’s high yielding varieties of seeds set in motion a technological revolution in Indian agriculture that led eventually to the country achieving self-sufficiency in food grains_ The Green Revolution lifted the spirits of the Indian people and gave them new hope and confidence in their ability to tackle the country’s daunting economic challenges,” said President Patil in her condolence message on Monday.

“Dr. Borlaug’s impact on India ‘s science and economy went much beyond the Green Revolution. A science-based approach to the problems of agriculture was a fundamental tenet of his thinking and the success of the Green Revolution spawned other successful interventions in areas such as animal husbandry, dairying and agriculture. Dr. Norman Borlaug’s life and achievements are testimony to the far reaching contribution that one man’s towering intellect, persistence and scientific vision can make to human peace and progress,” the message stated.

“One of Dr. Borlaug’s favourite quotations was to ‘reach for the stars’. In doing so, Dr. Borlaug helped millions of people escape from a life of hunger and deprivation,” the message further added. (ANI)

Malaria spreads in Orissa’s Gajapati district

Gajapati (Orissa), Sep 4 (ANI): Malaria scare is on an all time high in Orissa’s Gajapati district as at least 15 tribals have succumbed to the deadly disease in the past one-month and around 300 people are being treated at ill-equipped primary health care centres.

Being one of the tribal dominated and poverty stricken districts of the state, Gajapati is deprived of basic amenities and medical facilities, following which the region has become a breeding ground for mosquitoes and the situation is further complicated by the unhygienic life-style of many poor families.

“Around thirteen people have died due to malaria in our village council. We apprehend more deaths in the coming days. If the government and the health department do not take any notice of this emergency situation, then people may die like worms,” said Udaya Nath, a local resident.

Most of the affected villages are in remote areas and isolated in the dense forests, due to which medical facilities are out of reach to the ill people.

However, officials of the State Government contend that the Health Department is keeping a track of the situation in this region.

Orissa’s Revenue Minister, Surya Narayan Patra, claimed that numerous awareness camps are being held to educate the people about cleanliness and they are keeping a check on breeding of mosquitoes.

“Not only Gajapati, but most of the tribal belts are prone to malaria. The Health Department and the NGOs have taken lot of preventive measures. We have held training camps, where people were taught how to destroy the wastage of their houses. We have also provided mosquito nets and medicines to the tribals,” Patra said. (ANI)

High recurring heart attack, stroke rates prevail globally despite use of many medicines

Washington, September 1 (ANI): An international study has shown that patients with vascular disease have a surprising high rate of events like strokes, heart attacks, hospitalisations and mortality, despite the use of many medicines and other treatments.

The study has also shown that patients in North America, including the U.S., experience an above-average rate of such events.

While the highest rate of these events was observed among patients in Eastern Europe, the lowest was among those in Australia and Japan.

A presentation on the results from the international REACH (Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health) Registry was recently made by a researcher from Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine at the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2009 in Barcelona on August 31.

The study examined data for 32,247 patients one and three years after they enrolled in the registry.

A European Heart Journal report on the study says that patients who had symptomatic vascular disease had a 14.4 percent rate at one year and 28.4 percent rate at three years of having a heart attack, stroke, rehospitalisation for another type of vascular event or vascular death.

The report further states that patients with vascular disease in more than one location of the body had the highest event rate at 40.5 percent at three years.

When projected over the global population who would mirror the patients in REACH, this represents millions of serious vascular events occurring every few years, many of which could be prevented.

“We were surprised by the high rate of these recurring vascular events,” said lead author Dr. Mark J. Alberts, a professor of Neurology at the Feinberg School and the director of the stroke program at Northwestern Memorial Hospital.

“We know how to prevent vascular disease and the events that it produces. This points to the need for better prevention, better use of medications and a need to develop more potent medications. These are the number one and two causes of death throughout the world,” he added.

Many of the patients in the REACH study were taking the appropriate medications for their vascular disease.

“But that doesn’t mean the medications worked or were being adhered to properly. Perhaps they need more or different medications,” Alberts said.

According to him, this study shows the need for more patients to adopt healthier lifestyles with increased exercise, a healthy diet and smoking cessation.

The author points out that these are inexpensive approaches to reducing and preventing the occurrence of vascular events. (ANI)

Kolkatans worried over rise in prices of vegetables, fish

Kolkata, Aug 28 (ANI): People of Kolkata are a worried lot as prices of vegetables and fish have increased in the city.

The vegetable vendors are selling potatoes at the rate of Rs.18 per kg which were earlier being sold at Rs.6. Earlier, prices of tomatoes were Rs.20 per kg but now they are being sold at Rs.30 per kg. The prices of other vegetables have also increased.

Vegetable sellers say that less production of vegetables have increased the price this year.

“The prices of vegetables were low earlier. But now the prices are increasing because of less production. There is a gap between supply and demand,” said Sahadeb Poira, a vegetable seller.

Residents say that prices of vegetables are becoming unaffordable for them.

“Here if I go to market for potatoes I have to pay 18 rupees more than that. And say now when you—-purchase 5 rupees or 6 rupees per kg now its three times therefore we can’t afford it,” said RN Chakraborty, a resident of Kolkata.

The prices of food grain, sugar and other items of daily needs have created an explosive situation in India because of weak monsoon and drought like situation.

Food prices surged an annual 13.3 percent in mid-August even as the overall wholesale price index fell, and the impact of a poor monsoon on inflation and the economy could prompt further government relief steps.

The prices of ‘Hilsa’ fish have also increased in the region. Sayeed Anwar Maqsood, secretary, Fish Importers Association says that prices have increased because of less procurement from neighbouring Bangladesh.

“The prices of Hilsa fish have gone up because of the fact there is a scarcity in the market. We fish importer association used to bring every year more than 5,000 metric ton of Hilsa fish. But then we are not able to bring fish this year from Bangladesh. The major reason is because fish availability in Bangladesh itself is very little,” said Maqsood.

Hilsa prices in Kolkata, as a result, have shot up substantially from 100-120 rupees (2.3- 2.7 US Dollars) a kilogram to 350-400 rupees (8.15- 9.31 US Dollars), putting the fish out of reach of middle class Bengalis. (ANI)

Kerala businessman’s murder mystery solved, claims police

New Delhi, Aug. 24 (ANI): The murder case of Kerala businessman Paul Muthoot George has been solved, Kerala Police claimed on Monday.

According to the police theory, a gang of nearly 22 men was behind the murder of Paul, 30, who was heading the Muthoot M George Group’s hospitality business.

The hired man who stabbed Paul has not been arrested so far, police said

Paul was killed last Friday night on the Alappuzha-Changanassery road. A friend who was with him was injured and is in hospital; both were stabbed.

On Sunday, police arrested 12 persons, including notorious criminals, identified as Om Prakash and Rajesh.

A team led by the IGP, Ernakulam Range, Vinson Paul, is interrogating the suspects.

The Muthoot Group is a major player in the financial services business in Kerala and has been slowly expanding its reach to other parts of the country. Paul is the chairman’s second son.

Earlier, media reports had suggested business rivalry could be a reason. Involvement of persons related to the narcotics trade was also not being ruled out.

The dead man and his friend were found by the roadside on Friday night. The vehicle they were travelling in was missing. The vehicle, a Ford Endeavour, was found abandoned this morning at Kollam, 40 km away.

Paul, who was based in Delhi, had recently returned to Kerala to take charge of the leisure and hospitality arm.

He was returning from an under-construction resort at Mararikulam when he was stabbed to death.

Paul was Chairman M G George Muthoot’s second son, while his two brothers, George Muthoot George and Alexander George Muthoot, are also associated with the group as executive director and as a director, respectively.

In addition, four of Paul’s cousins are part of the fourth generation of Muthoot directors, who had been inducted into the group. (ANI)

US commanders in Afghanistan seek more troops

New York, Aug 24 (ANI): American military commanders operating with the NATO led mission in Afghanistan have informed President Barack Obama’s special envoy to the region, Richard C. Holbrooke, that they do not have enough troops to do their job, and are being pushed past their limit by Taliban rebels who operate across borders.

The American commanders spoke with Holbrooke this weekend, The New York Times reported.

Over the past two days, Holbrooke visited all four regional command centers in Afghanistan, and the message from all four followed similar lines: While the additional American troops, along with smaller increases from other NATO members, have had some benefit in the south, the numbers remain below what commanders need.

The total number of American soldiers and Marines in Afghanistan is now about 57,000. It was unclear whether the commanders told Holbrooke exactly how many additional troops might be required.

Eastern Afghanistan, in particular, has been a trouble spot. On Sunday, during Holbrooke’s stop at the Bagram military base, Major General Curtis Scaparrotti, commander of the United States and NATO forces in eastern Afghanistan, told him and visiting reporters that the Haqqani network was expanding its reach.

“We’ve seen that expansion, and that’s part of what we’re fighting,” The NYT quoted him, as saying.

American commanders believe that the network, whose leaders Jalaluddin Haqqani and his son Sirajuddin have been linked to Al Qaeda, are using sanctuaries in Pakistan to launch attacks against American and Afghan forces.

The problems in Afghanistan have been aggravated by what the American commanders call the Pakistani military’s limited response to the threat of militants based there.

Although General Scaparrotti said that cooperation by Pakistan and the United States against the militants had improved recently, he stressed that it was important for the Pakistanis to keep up the pressure, particularly after the reported killing of Baitullah Mehsud.

Holbrooke visited regional command centers in Kandahar, Herat, Mazar-i-Sharif and Bagram on Saturday and Sunday.

Speaking to Afghan reporters at the NATO base in Mazar-i-Sharif, Holbrooke said that part of the new strategy would include reaching out to members of the Taliban who show a willingness to lay down their arms. (ANI)

Fodder is scarcer, dearer in Jammu

Jammu, Aug 21 (ANI): Fodder is scarcer, dearer in Jammu leaving the milkmen with little to feed their cattle. It has led to decline in milk production.

Continuous dry spell in the region is said to be responsible for the unprecedented hike in price of fodder especially wheat straw commonly known commonly as ‘Bussa’.

Rising prices have taken animal fodder out of the reach of the milkmen.

Wheat straw that was generally available in the market between rupees 1 to 2 per kg is currently being sold at rupees 8 per kg, four times higher than its original price.

“We are in trouble. We don’t get any fodder. The available fodder is sold at rate of 8-10 rupees per kg. Once I went to Gangyal, a place in Jammu, I return empty hand from there too. Cattle had to remain hungry,” said Ahamed Din, a milkman.

The scarcity of fodder has also resulted in decline of milk production as milkmen find it difficulty to provide their livestock with the high protein diet.

Even the fodder sellers agree that there is a scarcity of fodder.

“Availability of fodder is very less so Gujjars are facing a lot of problems. They are unable to increase milk production because cattle are not being feed fodder. The fodder is expensive,” said Rajendra Gupta, a fodder store owner.

Wheat straw is currently being imported to Jammu from Punjab due to which traders are charging exorbitant prices.

Animal fodder includes hay, straw, silage, compressed and pelleted feeds, oils and mixed rations, and also sprouted grains and legumes. By Nadeem Khan (ANI)

Why retroviruses like HIV get easily acquainted with uninfected neighbours

Washington, July 28 (ANI): Yale University researchers have found out why retroviruses like HIV can get easily transmitted when they are next to uninfected cells than if they are floating free in the bloodstream.

The researchers, led by Dr. Walther Mothes at Yale, have made movies of viral activity within cells that help explain why cell-to-cell transmission is so efficient, and provide potential targets for a new generation of AIDS drugs.

“Cell-to-cell transmission is a thousand times more efficient, which is why diseases such as AIDS are so successful and so deadly. And because the retroviruses are already in cells, they are out of reach of the immune system,” said Mothes.

By using imaging technology that can track individual particles of virus in real time, the researchers discovered that infected cells could specifically produce viruses at the point of contact between cells.

They also observed that ten times more of these particles are found at these cellular poles than elsewhere at the surface of cells.

Scientists claimed that the ability of infected cells to specifically produce viruses only at cell-cell interfaces explains how viruses spread so efficiently.

The researchers also identified a possible weakness in the transmission chain.

The team found that viruses express a sticky protein that docks with uninfected cells and then attracts viral assembly to these sites.

If this adhesion molecule lacked a “cytoplasmic tail,” then it would mean that the viral particles did not assemble at the jumping off point between cells.

Mothes is expecting that many more such targets will be identified as scientists work out the mechanics of cell-to-cell transmission.

“We are just opening the door to this whole process. It is a black box, and many, many cellular factors have to be involved in making this happen. Our hope is that somewhere down the road we will have a completely new anti-viral strategy based on targeting cell-to-cell transmission,” said Mothes.

The study has been reported in the open access journal PLoS Biology. (ANI)

Indian footwear market has large potential

Chandigarh, July 13 (ANI): The Indian footwear market has recently seen a demand shift from low-priced footwear to medium and high-priced products. But the huge potential that this development creates is as yet largely untapped.

The growing aspiration to look trendy but comfortable has increased the demand for footwear having international high-fashion brands in Punjab.

And for the brands, it is an opportunity to provide the Punjabi consumer with products that have a classic elegance – tasteful luxury, enduring quality and fine imprint of craftsmanship.

Jimmy Choo, Pavers England, GUCCI, Moschino – just to name a few, the global luxury brands in footwear have already entered the Indian market.

Till a few years ago, buying a foreign footwear brand would require a trip abroad, a gift from overseas friends/family or at the most an online purchase.

But it changed with the permission for 51 per cent Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in single-brand outlet in early 2006 that allowed foreign footwear brands to enter India.

It also strengthened the organized retailing in footwear. The affluent customers in India today have a wider choice in buying stylish and comfortable shoes.

“There is a huge potential I would rather see. People are willing to shell out money for a good product. They need styling. They need comfort and if that comes for a price. Why not! At Show Tree we are selling at somewhat around INR 12,500 a show of Lacoste and it’s selling. There is a very huge potential provided the shoe should be very comfortable and stylish in that matter,” said Hitesh Aneja, Brand Head, Shoe tree.

The 500 million dollars Indian footwear market is growing at 15-20 per cent annually. A majority of global brands are foraying into the Indian market through the franchisee route.

Bullish about the Indian market, Reebok, an International footwear brand, is expanding its reach by joining hands with Franchise India Holdings Limited, an integrated franchise and retail solution provider.

People in the Indian middle class today have more money to spend on quality and designer footwear, and the working class too wants comfortable, durable and trendy shoes that they can wear at workplace.

They are now more brand-conscious then before.

“There would be 2-3 main reasons. First would be definitely the comfort level. You can find out shoes for 1000-1500 rupees but they are not much comfortable and I feel that the leather shoes of these big brands have longer life and longer shine. I am looking for some Italian brand shoes and definitely they give good comfort like sport shoes. In leather shoes, you find comfort in these brands only,” said Bhupender Jeet, an employee with the Multi National Company from Ludhiana.

“We get quality shoes by paying more. So that’s not a concern. The branded sandals are more comfortable. And comfort can’t be compared with the cost. Cheap quality shoes are not durable where as branded footwear is long-lasting,” said Manjula, a local resident of Chandigarh.

Shoes, say lifestyle Pundits, are second only to clothes in terms of importance and the styles are mostly Western.

Presently, the shoes are available at a price range of 50 to 500 dollars USD or more.

No surprise then that be it Moreschi of Italy, Bali and Rosetti of Switzerland or Merrell of the U.S. – all are willing to come to India. By Sunil Sharma (ANI)

Jackson’s memorial to be bigger global online event than Obama’s inauguration

London, July 7 (ANI): Michael Jackson’s memorial service at the Staples Center in Los Angeles is expected to be an even bigger global internet video-viewing event than the inauguration of US President Barack Obama.

Facebook users will be able to share thoughts while watching free streaming video of the memorial at CNN Live, ABC, and E! Online websites.

A Michael Jackson page at Facebook has already topped 6.5 million fans, unseating Obama’s “fan page” as the most popular at the California-based social networking service.

“We are preparing for numbers that easily outweigh the inauguration. There is just so much global reach for this star; something about him or his music has touched people around the world,” the Telegraph quoted Randi Zuckerberg, Facebook’s marketing director, as saying.

The same technology used to stream CNN coverage of Obama’s inauguration – Facebook Connect – will be put to work letting people watch the Jackson memorial.

“Internet users across the globe can watch live while simultaneously updating their Facebook status and following their friends on Facebook – and other Jackson fans around the world,” said a statement issued by Facebook.

More than 800,000 free virtual versions of Jackson’s famous glove have been sent to Facebook members as free gifts.

Within a week after Jackson’s death on June 25 at age 50, millions of people flocked to the official Michael Jackson channel at YouTube.

The rate at which visitors followed “click-to-buy” links to purchase Jackson music at online shops leapt by a multiple of 46, according to YouTube. (ANI)

Gargantuan dinos the ‘couch potatoes’ of prehistoric world

London, July 7 (ANI): A new research has determined that due to their huge sizes, dinosaurs were the ‘couch potatoes’ of the prehistoric world.

According to a report in the Telegraph, the research was done by Dr McNab from the University of Florida.

Having easy access to food, coupled with their sedentary lifestyle when not hunting, helped the creatures grow into the biggest beasts to have ever walked the earth, according to Dr McNab.

Paleontologists have argued that dinosaurs’ size was in some way due to the way they regulated the temperature of their blood.

Dr McNab believes that the availability of food resources was more important, however.

Using a model based on a vertebrate’s energy expenditure, mass and eating habits, Dr McNab explained the body size of existing and extinct mammals, including baleen whales, an ancient rhinoceros and modern elephants.

He used the example of the larger mass found in some marine mammals which reflect greater resources in their environment.

While Dr McNab said that thermal biology differences are easily seen in small organisms, he suggested dinosaurs were neither cold nor warm blooded but maintained an intermediate temperature between mammals and reptiles, thanks to their size.

Some dinosaurs ate lizards, turtles or eggs, while others hunted other dinosaurs. The majority ate plants however.

Many of these plants, which can be seen in fossils, had edible leaves, including evergreen conifers such as pine trees, redwoods and their relatives, ferns, mosses and in the latter stages of the dinosaur age, flowering fruit plants.

According to Dr McNab, “Like couch potatoes sitting within easy reach of high calorie foods, the gargantuan size of dinosaurs most likely stems from the abundance of resources available, coupled with low energy expenditures.”

“Some dinosaurs reached masses that were at least eight times those of the largest, ecologically equivalent terrestrial mammals,” he said.

“The factors most responsible for setting the maximal body size of vertebrates are resource quality and quantity, as modified by the mobility of the consumer, and the vertebrate’s rate of energy expenditure,” he added. (ANI)

Shakespeare’s ‘King Lear’ inspires theatre artists in Kashmir

Srinagar, July 4 (ANI): Theatre experts and artistes in Jammu and Kashmir have lent a regional touch to William Shakespeare’s famous play ‘King Lear’.

They staged this play here on Friday in traditional folk style with the original Shakespeare’s King Lear translated into Kashmiri language.

Traditional Kashmiri folk artistes enthralled hundreds of locals as well as tourists by their performance in the play titled ‘Badshah Paether’ at Akingam village of Anantnag district, 70 kilometres off Srinagar.

The main aim of staging the play in the traditional folk style has been to bring together the youngsters and the veterans together and to revive the artistic links through training and series of rehearsals.

Noted theatre personality M K Raina, the brain behind ‘Badshah Paether’ mentioned that his experiment was a success in many aspects since this would empower the young stage aspirants with a traditional form that is losing its reach and appreciation.

He had undertaken the painstaking efforts of translating Shakespeare’s original play so that common audience could easily understand it.

“Since we are the traditional folk performers, so to perform for the common audience we needed language which could be understood by everyone. You must have seen people were laughing and enjoying. So we about 25 people sat together and translated it into common understandable language,” said Raina. Hundreds of theatre enthusiasts including some foreign tourists were quite excited watching the entire play staged in traditional way.

“I thought it was a wonderful play though I had limitation in understanding the language fully but the emotion of the play and the basic story came through very clearly. It was beautifully performed with great intensity and beautiful staging and lot of expressions. And I thought it was wonderful production,” said Haleen, a tourist from New York.

The locals too expressed their delight since the play happened to be in their regional language.

“For the first time what Raina Sahab did by translating it in Kashmir language was rally nice. And secondly I got impressed by artistes performance,” said Amina, a resident. By Afzal Bhat (ANI)

Chimps can learn to make their own tools watching video demos

London, July 1 (ANI): St Andrews University researchers in Scotland have shown that chimpanzees can be learn how to make their own tools by watching demonstrations on video.

For this work, the researchers trained a chimpanzee to make a long pole for prizing out-of-reach fruit from a tree, and then filmed the animal constructing the handy tool from a variety of different parts.

They say that watching a video of the feat, other chimps were also able to make their own similar tools.

Elizabeth Price, who led the study at the university’s School of Psychology, said that she wanted to discover whether chimps could learn to make a tool from separate parts after watching other animals use materials to improve their lives.

She pointed out that some birds are able to use twigs to pull grubs out of hiding places, and monkeys have been known to strip leaves from branches to fish for termites.

According to her, the findings of her study are “the first evidence that chimpanzees can socially learn how to construct tools,” and show that the animals are more intelligent than previously thought.

“It is very exciting as we didn’t know chimps could do this,” the Scotsman quoted her as saying.

“You could say the videos were like Blue Peter and ‘Here’s one I made earlier’.

“The chimps really needed to see the full instructional video to learn how to make the long tool and gain the reward.

“Most of those who didn’t watch the video, couldn’t make the tool,” she added.

Along with Professor Andrew Whiten of St Andrews University, Elizabeth led an international team of primate experts to uncover the remarkable learning feats of the chimpanzees.

The researchers presented chimpanzees in a primate centre at the University of Texas with a grape that was just out of reach.

They showed some chimps a video of another chimpanzee expertly slotting one stick into another to create a rake, and then using the tool to get the fruit.

Others were shown a shorter video showing a chimpanzee using a ready-made tool.

The researchers found chimpanzees that watched the full video demonstration were able to copy what they saw, and make the tools themselves.

In a follow-up test, since the grapes were put within reach, the use of a longer tool was unnecessary.

The researchers observed that the chimps that had learnt the skill by watching the full video persisted in making the rake, which in the new scenario was more awkward to use.

However, a few individual chimps that had watched the shorter video still managed to make a tool, did not do so when the grape was close enough to reach without help.

Elizabeth said: “These results are important not only because they provide the first evidence that chimpanzees can socially learn how to construct tools, but also because they suggest that social learning can have a potent effect on how an individual approaches related problems later.”

Based on the observations made during the study, she came to the conclusion that learning from others can lead to a less flexible approach to novel situations.

She and her colleagues are now planning to discover the extent to which our own species is vulnerable to a similar effect, by looking at children’s abilities.

Elizabeth added: “Social learning plays a major role in the spread of complex technologies in humans.”

The research has been published in the online edition of the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B. (ANI)

Virage Logic expands presence in India to serve growing market demand for broad IP portfolio

Fremont, July 1 (ANI/Business Wire India): Virage Logic Corporation, the semiconductor industry’s trusted IP partner, announced it has expanded its presence in India with the appointment of CoreEL as its sales representative.

CoreEL joins a growing global network of sales representatives that complement and expand the reach of Virage Logic’s direct sales channel.

CoreEL’s more than 15 years experience working with India’s networking, telecom, computing, consumer, industrial, defense and automotive customers make them ideally suited to represent Virage Logic’s broad portfolio of silicon proven IP.

“As the semiconductor industry continues to globalize and more semiconductor companies rely on their India-based teams to make SoC design project decisions, the time was right to bring CoreEL on board to service our growing India customer base,” said Jai Iyer, Virage Logic’s vice president of Asia sales.

“We are confident that the combination of CoreEL’s strong technology and design services experience will enable them to provide the superior sales and support services Virage Logic’s customers worldwide have come to expect,” added Iyer.

“India is rich in engineering talent and a target for companies worldwide to tap into the engineering resources,” said Vishwanath Padur, vice president of Sales and Marketing for CoreEL.

“With Virage Logic’s highly differentiated IP offering – including embedded SRAMs, embedded NVMs, embedded memory test and repair, logic libraries, memory development software, and interface IP solutions – we look forward to being able to provide even greater value to our extensive customer base as we help them address their SoC design challenges,” added Padur. (ANI)

Brain models tools as ‘body parts’

Washington, June 23 (ANI): A new research claims to confirm a century-old hypothesis that using a tool for just a few minutes can have a lasting effect on how someone perceives the size and position of their body.

In other words, the tool becomes a part of what is known in psychology as our body schema, according to a report published in the June 23rd issue of Current Biology, a Cell Press publication.

“Since the origin of the concept of body schema, the idea of its functional plasticity has always been taken for granted, even if no direct evidence has been provided until now,” said Alessandro Farnè of INSERM and the Université Claude Bernard Lyon.

“Our series of experiments provides the first, definitive demonstration that this century-old intuition is true,” the expert added.

In the study, Farnè, Lucilla Cardinali, and their colleagues reasoned that if one incorporates a used tool into the body schema, his or her subsequent bodily movements should differ when compared to those performed before the tool was used.

Indeed, that is exactly what they saw. After using a mechanical grabber that extended their reach, people behaved as though their arm really was longer, they found.

What’s more, study participants perceived touches delivered on the elbow and middle fingertip of their arm as if they were farther apart after their use of the grabbing tool.

People still went on using their arm successfully following after tool use, but they managed tasks differently. That is, they grasped or pointed to object correctly, but they did not move their hand as quickly and overall took longer to complete the tasks.

It’s a phenomenon each of us unconsciously experiences every day, the researchers said.

The findings help to explain how it is that humans use tools so well.

“We believe this ability of our body representation to functionally adapt to incorporate tools is the fundamental basis of skillful tool use,” Cardinali said.

“Once the tool is incorporated in the body schema, it can be maneuvered and controlled as if it were a body part itself,” the expert added. (ANI)

Tamil refugees plead for help to find missing relatives

Vavuniya (Sri Lanka), May 27 (ANI): Tamil refugees are reportedly pleading for help to find missing relatives.

Speaking to The Daily Telegraph at Vavuniya, where 210,000 people are being held in five camps for “internally displaced people”, ragged Tamils said they had come under attack from both sides as the 26-year civil war reached its conclusion last week.

Many clutched a razor wire fence, desperately searching the crowds on the other side for a familiar face as they tried to discover whether their loved ones were still alive and at liberty, or in another of the camps, where the overcrowded conditions and made worse by poor sanitation, inadequate food and severe water shortages.

The refugees are not allowed to leave the camps even if they are not suspected of being Tamil Tiger fighters.

Colombo says that it will clear the camps during the course of the year, and is anxious not to allow separatist fighters to evade their reach by posing as civilians and simply walking free.

An army spokesman said that up to 6,000 families had been reunited to date, and that they were working to bring separated families together. (ANI)

NASA uses satellite to improve global crop forecasting

Washington, May 27 (ANI): NASA researchers are using satellite data to cultivate the most accurate estimates of soil moisture, which would improve global crop forecasting.

Soil moisture is essential for seeds to germinate and for crops to grow. But, record droughts and scorching temperatures in certain parts of the globe in recent years have caused soil to dry up, crippling crop production.

The falling food supply in some regions has forced prices upward, pushing staple foods out of reach for millions of poor people.

Now, NASA researchers are using satellite data to deliver a kind of space-based humanitarian assistance.

They are cultivating the most accurate estimates of soil moisture and improving global forecasts of how well food will grow at a time when the world is confronting shortages.

In this context, NASA scientist John Bolten described a new modeling product that uses data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E) sensor on NASA’s Aqua satellite to improve the accuracy of West African soil moisture.

The group produced assessments of current soil moisture conditions, or “nowcasts,” and improved estimates by 5 percent over previous methods.

“Though seemingly small and incremental, the increase can make a big difference in the precision of crop forecasts,” Bolten said.

The modeling innovation comes at a time when crop analysts at agencies like the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) are working to meet the food shortage problem head on.

They combine soil moisture estimates with weather trends to produce up-to-date forecasts of crop harvests.

Those estimates help regional and national officials prepare for and prevent food crises.

“The USDA’s estimates of global crop yields are an objective, timely benchmark of food availability and help drive international commodity markets,” said Bolten, a physical scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland.

Crop analysts must estimate root-zone soil moisture, the amount of water beneath the surface available for plants to absorb.

But estimating the amount of water in soil has posed challenges and data gaps.

Under a new NASA-USDA collaboration known as the Global Agriculture Monitoring Project, Bolten and colleagues from the USDA’s Agricultural Research Service are using AMSR-E to fill the data gaps with daily soil moisture “snapshots.”

Since its launch in 2002, the instrument has “seen” through clouds, and light vegetation like crops and grasses to detect the amount of soil moisture beneath Earth’s surface.

Bolten says that results from AMSR-E are just a precursor to dramatic new improvements in data and prediction accuracy researchers expect from the Soil Moisture Active and Passive satellite, slated to launch in 2013. (ANI)

Crows as smart as chimps when it comes to making and using tools

Washington, May 26 (ANI): Rooks, a member of the crow family, are no bird-brained, infact they’re as good with their beaks as chimps are with their hands.esearchers at the Universities of Cambridge and Queen Mary, University of London have found that rooks have the capacity to use and make tools, modifying them to make them work and using two tools in a sequence.

The surprising study has been published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

“This finding is remarkable because rooks do not appear to use tools in the wild, yet they rival habitual tools users such as chimpanzees and New Caledonian crows when tested in captivity,” said Chris Bird, the lead author of the study.

In a series of experiments, the rooks quickly learnt to drop a stone to collapse a platform and acquire a piece of food, and subsequently showed the ability to choose the right size and shape of stone without any training.

Not only could they use stones to solve the task, but they were flexible in their tool choice, using and modifying sticks to achieve the same goal. When the correct tool was out of reach, they used another tool to get it, demonstrating the ability to use tools sequentially.

In further tests, the rooks were able to use a hook tool to get food out of a different tube and even creatively bent a straight piece of wire to make the hook to reach the food.

“We suggest that this is the first unambiguous evidence of animal insight because the rooks made a hook tool on their first trial and we know that they had no previous experience of making hook tools from wire because the birds were all hand-raised,” said Dr Nathan Emery, Queen Mary University of London, in whose lab these experiments were performed.

These findings suggest that rooks’ ability to use tools and represent the tools’ useful properties may be a by-product of a sophisticated form of physical intelligence, rather than tool use having evolved as an adaptive specialisation, such as has been proposed for the tool using abilities of New Caledonian crows. (ANI)