Suicide bomber attacks Karzai's brother's memorial, 4 killed

KANDAHAR: A suicide bomber concealing explosives in his turban blew himself up inside a mosque in southern Afghanistan on Thursday during a memorial service for the president's assassinated half brother, officials said. At least four people were killed.

Among the victims of the attack in Kandahar city was Hekmatullah Hekmat, head of the clerical council for the province, and a young child, the interior ministry said. At least 15 people were wounded, including a parliamentarian, Bismillah Afghanmal.

The Kandahar provincial government said all other high-ranking officials at the ceremony were safe and had been taken to a secure location.

No one immediately claimed responsibility for the attack, which added weight to assertions that the slaying of president Hamid Karzai's younger brother would further destabilize a violent region of Afghanistan.

The Sarra Jamai mosque in the southwest of the city had been filled with relatives and friends of Ahmed Wali Karzai, who was killed earlier this week. They were offering their condolences to the family of the provincial leader.

Officials believe the bomber got the explosives past security by hiding them in his turban.

Kandahar Governor Tooryalai Wesa, who was attending the memorial, said he saw the man's turban explode. Provincial intelligence chief Gen. Mohammad Naeem Momin said authorities drew the came conclusion after examining the bomber's remains.

The attacker approached Hekmat after mourners ended a prayer, the governor said.

“There was a prayer going on and after that prayer the man came close to the director of the religious council and exploded,'' Wesa said. “It looks like he was targeting the director.''

Wali Karzai was shot at close range by a confidant on Tuesday, leaving President Karzai without a powerful ally in Kandahar province, a former Taliban stronghold and the site of recent military offensives by the U.S.-led military coalition.

The Taliban claimed responsibility for the killing, which has threatened to create a power vacuum in the south.

Wali Karzai was regarded as the most powerful man in southern Afghanistan. He was head of the provincial council, the influential Populzai tribe, and the Afghan president's confidant and emissary.

Beyond his more official roles, Wali Karzai was also known as a master operator who played Kandahar's hard-line tribal and political factions against one another to retain ultimate control over the restive province.

Even the international alliance begrudgingly accepted Wali Karzai's sweeping influence in southern Afghanistan, despite their strong suspicions that he was involved in opium trafficking, smuggling and other criminal enterprises.

The mosque bombing was the second attack in Kandahar city on Thursday. Earlier in the morning, a bomb exploded near a police vehicle in the city, killing one civilian, said provincial police Chief Abdul Raziq.

As the conflict intensifies in the south and southeast of

Afghanistan, the United Nations said Thursday that civilian deaths jumped 15 percent in the first half of 2011. The U.N. blamed a rise in insurgent roadside bombings and suicide attacks for the increase.

The U.N. said 1,462 Afghan civilians lost their lives _ many in the crossfire of battle between Taliban insurgents and Afghan, U.S. and NATO forces. During the first half of last year, 1,271 Afghan civilians were killed.

But many of the most contentious incidents continue to be international military strikes in which residents routinely claim civilians are killed.

In the latest such dispute Thursday, government officials in eastern Afghanistan accused NATO troops of killing six civilians in an overnight raid, and more than 1,000 people poured into the streets of Khost province in anger.

The military alliance said the joint patrol with Afghan forces in Khost province killed six fighters from a militant group allied with the Taliban known as the Haqqani network and injured one civilian.

“I don't have any indication that we killed civilians,'' Capt. Justin Brockhoff told The Associated Press.

But the reports stirred up anger in Khost and hundreds of people marched on the capital, shouting, “Death to America! Death to the government!'' Men in the crowd carried the bodies of the dead on their shoulders.

The raid took place in the village of Toora Worai in an area known as Matoon, about four miles (seven kilometers) from the provincial capital of Khost city.

“The coalition last night ran an operation in that village and unfortunately they were acting on an incorrect report that there was a meeting of Haqqani network commanders going on,'' said Mubarez Zadran, a spokesman for the provincial government. “The operation left six civilians dead.''

Khost provincial council member, Gul Mohammad Zazi, said international troops stormed into the village around midnight and fired into the windows of houses. Zazi said the dead were not connected to the insurgency.

Brockhoff said that NATO and Afghan forces were going after a Haqqani leader who was responsible for attacks and weapons trafficking in the area.

“As the security force was clearing a compound in the area, multiple insurgents armed with AK-47 rifles and pistols, opened fire on the force,” Brockhoff said. Among those killed in the firefight was a woman who was armed with a pistol and fired on the troops, he added.

He said the international troops administered first aid to the female civilian who was wounded and transported her to a medical facility.

Asif Khan, a resident of Toora Worai who lives next to some of those who were killed said all of the dead were civilians. A spokesman for local schools, Sayed Musa Majro, said the dead included a teacher and two students.

Meanwhile, NATO said one of its service members was killed Wednesday in an attack in eastern Afghanistan. The coalition did not provide further details or the nationality of the service member.

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Afghanistan has enough funding for next 3 years-President

July 20 (Reuters) – Afghan President Hamid Karzai told an international conference on Tuesday that Afghans wanted to have responsibility for their own security by 2014.

“I remain determined that our Afghan national security forces will be responsible for all military and law enforcement

operations throughout our country by 2014,” he told the conference, called to discus how much more responsibility to give Afghanistan for its own affairs. (Reporting by David Fox; Editing by Michael Urquhart) (david.fox@thomsonreuters.com; Kabul newsroom: +93 799 335 284)) (If you have a query or comment about this story, send an e-mail to news.feedback.asia@thomsonreuters.com)

Afghan and NATO forces ready security for Kabul Conference

(Reuters) – Afghan and foreign forces are stepping up security in the Afghan capital for the biggest international conference in decades this week, where delegates will thrash out plans for handing more responsibility for the country to the government.

Over 60 envoys, among them some 40 foreign ministers and including U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, are expected to attend the conference on Tuesday, co-chaired by President Hamid Karzai and U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.

With violence at its worst levels since the Taliban were overthrown in late 2001, western diplomats are lauding the fact the conference is taking place in Kabul at all and the Afghan government is keen to see it run smoothly.

A major attack could be a disaster for the government and could score a valuable propaganda point for the insurgents.

While they say all necessary steps to thwart an assault on the day have been taken, both Afghan and NATO forces acknowledge they cannot be everywhere at once.

That message hit home on Sunday when in the latest spell of violence a suicide bomber killed two civilians and wounded several more, including a child, in a residential area in the capital, close to the U.S. embassy, the Interior Ministry said.

“We are 100 percent prepared but this doesn’t mean everything will go exactly to plan. We will try to do our best and we will also rely on the support of God,” said Zemarai Bashary, spokesman for the Interior Ministry which runs the police force.

PREPARE FOR ATTACK

NATO’s top civilian representative in Afghanistan said insurgents would try to launch an attack and no amount of security preparations could be infallible.

“We have to prepare ourselves for the fact that the insurgents are going to seek to disrupt this,” Mark Sedwill told reporters over the weekend.

“Nobody is going to offer a 100 percent guarantee, but they (security precautions) are very extensive and indeed intensive.”

Bashary said all police officers had been placed on “high alert” and had already taken up their positions in a “ring of steel” around the city. Policemen from other units such as the anti-narcotics police, would also be on standby, he said.

While Western forces are keen to point out the conference security plans have been drawn up by the Afghans, NATO said its troops would be out on the streets with their Afghan counterparts and would have a “quick reaction force” on standby.

NATO helicopters will also be circling over the city in a “show of force” to try and deter an attack, said Lieutenant Commander Katie Kendrick, a spokeswoman for NATO-led forces.

“NATO forces are also ready to assist the Afghan government with any other assets,” she said. Bashary said the ministry had not received any specific threats against the conference, but NATO forces said they had captured several militants inside the capital over the weekend who were planning to attack the meeting.

While not able to completely disrupt it, insurgents fired rockets and tried to stage a suicide attack on a peace “jirga,” or meeting, of tribal elders last month, while Karzai was addressing the gathering.

The attack was quickly suppressed but caused embarrassment for the government and led to the resignations of the interior minister and the head of the country’s intelligence service. Karzai will want to avoid a repeat of the incident.

(Writing by Jonathon Burch; Editing by David Fox)

Factbox: Afghanistan: Who is fighting the insurgency?

July 18 – Afghan government, backed by thousands of international force are fighting a growing insurgency in Afghanistan since the Islamist movement was toppled by U.S.-led coalition and Afghan forces in late 2001 in the wake of September 11 attacks on the United States.

Despite repeated peace overtures by President Hamid Karzai to Taliban and other insurgent groups, only the Hezb-i-Islami movement has shown interest, sending their delegates to meet Afghan officials in Kabul earlier this year. However, there was no breakthrough.

In a major international conference this week in Kabul, one of the main themes of Afghan government will be to boost its reintegration efforts to woo low-level fighters who make up the backbone of Taliban insurgency.

There are three main militant groups in the country that lead a bloody insurgency campaign against the Afghan government and around 150,000 foreign troops under NATO’s command.

There are now some 20,000 to 30,000 active fighters within their ranks, according to a government official.

TALIBAN

A Talib, singular form for Taliban means a religious student. The group rose to power in 1994 in southern city of Kandahar under the leadership of Mullah Mohammad Omar who was then imam of a village mosque.

The puritan religious student mostly drawn from seminaries, run in the lawless tribal areas of neighboring Pakistan offered a simple but harsh form of Islamic Justice that appealed to many who were weary of brutal warlords who ignited a bloody civil when the Soviets departed from Afghanistan in 1989.

After years of factional fighting among the anti-Soviet groups over power, Mullah Omar’s young and fanatical fighters managed to capture Kabul in September 1996 where they imposed ultra strict Islamic sharia by banning music, TV and forbidding women to work and girls to school.

After being toppled in 2001, most of the leaders, including Mullah Omar, fled to Pakistan where they formed a council called “Quetta Shura,” a Pakistani city in the province of Balochistan.

The Taliban began to regroup in the south then relaunched their insurgency in 2005 with a wave of guerrilla attacks, suicide and roadside bombs that has grown steadily ever since.

Violence in the country has sharpened, threatening thousands of NATO and bulk of Afghan troops into a stalemate.

Karzai’s idea of peace negotiations to reach out to insurgents who denounce violence and accept Afghan constitution has the backing of international community, but the Taliban have repeatedly rejected the offer, saying foreign troops should leave the country before start of any peace talks.

HAQQANI NETWORK

Headed by Jalaluddin Haqqani, the Haqqani network is allied with the Taliban and is believed to have close links to al Qaeda. It has been behind several high-profile attacks in Afghanistan including an assassination attempt on President Hamid Karzai during a military parade in 2008, and last month attacked a major peace assembly.

Although the attacks caused no serious casualties, President Karzai sacked his interior and intelligence agency chiefs over security lapses.

Haqqani rose to prominence during the 1980s, receiving weapons and funds from the CIA and Saudi Arabia to fight the Soviet occupation and has also had long-standing links with Pakistan’s military Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI).

Effective leadership of the group has now passed from Jalaluddin, who is in his 70s, to his more radical eldest son Sirajuddin, security analysts say.

Sirajuddin told Reuters last year that his group, mainly active in the eastern parts of Afghanistan and based in the North Waziristan of Pakistan, was under the overall command of Mullah Omar and admitted ties with al Qaeda.

HEZB-I-ISLAMI

Hezb-i-Islami or the Islamic Party was founded by veteran former Prime Minister Gulbuddin Hekmatyar in mid 1970s was one of the main mujahideen groups fighting the Soviet invasion in the 1980s from its base in Pakistan. It received the lion’s share of U.S. and Saudi arms and money channeled through the Pakistani intelligence service.

After the Soviet withdrawal Hekmatyar fought and made fleeting alliances with most other mujahideen factions during the resulting civil war and is blamed for killing thousands in Kabul with indiscriminate rocket attacks on the capital.

By the rise of the Taliban in 1994, Hekmatyar was sidelined by Pakistan in favor of Mullah Omar and after losing to their forces when the Taliban took Kabul in 1996, Hekmatyar fled to Iran.

Many of his fighters joined the Taliban ranks. He served briefly as prime minister in 1996 before the Taliban took control.

After the September 11 attacks Hekmatyar declared himself against the U.S. invasion and took up the fight in alliance with the Taliban. Its fighters number in thousands are most active in the east of the country and in pockets in the north.

In March this year, a high-profile Hezb delegation met Karzai and a U.N. special envoy in Kabul. Although the talks appeared to be preliminary, the public acknowledgement of meeting was unprecedented and could signal a division within the insurgency.

An Afghan army general, Murad Ali Murad, told Reuters this month that members of Hezb was supplying intelligence on Taliban whereabouts to NATO and the Afghan government that led to the killing or arrest of several key commanders in the north.

(For more Reuters coverage of Afghanistan and Pakistan, see: here) (Compiled by the Kabul Bureau; Editing by David Fox) (hamid.shalizi@thomsonreuters.com; +93 799 390 693

(If you have a query or comment on this story, send an email to news.feedback.asia@thomsonreuters.com)

FACTBOX-Afghanistan: Who is fighting the insurgency?

July 18 – Afghan government, backed by thousands of international force are fighting a growing insurgency in Afghanistan since the Islamist movement was toppled by U.S.-led coalition and Afghan forces in late 2001 in the wake of Sept. 11 attacks on the United States.

Despite repeated peace overtures by President Hamid Karzai to Taliban and other insurgent groups, only the Hezb-i-Islami movement has shown interest, sending their delegates to meet Afghan officials in Kabul earlier this year. However, there was no breakthrough.

In a major international conference this week in Kabul, one of the main themes of Afghan government will be to boost its reintegration efforts to woo low-level fighters who make up the backbone of Taliban insurgency.

There are three main militant groups in the country that lead a bloody insurgency campaign against the Afghan government and around 150,000 foreign troops under NATO’s command.

There are now some 20,000 to 30,000 active fighters within their ranks, according to a government official.

TALIBAN

A Talib, singular form for Taliban means a religious student. The group rose to power in 1994 in southern city of Kandahar under the leadership of Mullah Mohammad Omar who was then imam of a village mosque.

The puritan religious student mostly drawn from seminaries, run in the lawless tribal areas of neighboring Pakistan offered a simple but harsh form of Islamic Justice that appealed to many who were weary of brutal warlords who ignited a bloody civil when the Soviets departed from Afghanistan in 1989.

After years of factional fighting among the anti-Soviet groups over power, Mullah Omar’s young and fanatical fighters managed to capture Kabul in September 1996 where they imposed ultra strict Islamic sharia by banning music, TV and forbidding women to work and girls to school.

After being toppled in 2001, most of the leaders, including Mullah Omar, fled to Pakistan where they formed a council called “Quetta Shura”, a Pakistani city in the province of Balochistan.

The Taliban began to regroup in the south then relaunched their insurgency in 2005 with a wave of guerrilla attacks, suicide and roadside bombs that has grown steadily ever since.

Violence in the country has sharpened, threatening thousands of NATO and bulk of Afghan troops into a stalemate.

Karzai’s idea of peace negotiations to reach out to insurgents who denounce violence and accept Afghan constitution has the backing of international community, but the Taliban have repeatedly rejected the offer, saying foreign troops should leave the country before start of any peace talks.

HAQQANI NETWORK

Headed by Jalaluddin Haqqani, the Haqqani network is allied with the Taliban and is believed to have close links to al Qaeda. It has been behind several high-profile attacks in Afghanistan including an assassination attempt on President Hamid Karzai during a military parade in 2008, and last month attacked a major peace assembly.

Although the attacks caused no serious casualties, President Karzai sacked his interior and intelligence agency chiefs over security lapses.

Haqqani rose to prominence during the 1980s, receiving weapons and funds from the CIA and Saudi Arabia to fight the Soviet occupation and has also had long-standing links with Pakistan’s military Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI).

Effective leadership of the group has now passed from Jalaluddin, who is in his 70s, to his more radical eldest son Sirajuddin, security analysts say.

Sirajuddin told Reuters last year that his group, mainly active in the eastern parts of Afghanistan and based in the North Waziristan of Pakistan, was under the overall command of Mullah Omar and admitted ties with al Qaeda.

HEZB-I-ISLAMI

Hezb-i-Islami or the Islamic Party was founded by veteran former Prime Minister Gulbuddin Hekmatyar in mid 1970s was one of the main mujahideen groups fighting the Soviet invasion in the 1980s from its base in Pakistan. It received the lion’s share of U.S. and Saudi arms and money channelled through the Pakistani intelligence service.

After the Soviet withdrawal Hekmatyar fought and made fleeting alliances with most other mujahideen factions during the resulting civil war and is blamed for killing thousands in Kabul with indiscriminate rocket attacks on the capital.

By the rise of the Taliban in 1994, Hekmatyar was sidelined by Pakistan in favour of Mullah Omar and after losing to their forces when the Taliban took Kabul in 1996, Hekmatyar fled to Iran.

Many of his fighters joined the Taliban ranks. He served briefly as prime minister in 1996 before the Taliban took control.

After the Sept. 11 attacks Hekmatyar declared himself against the U.S. invasion and took up the fight in alliance with the Taliban. Its fighters number in thousands are most active in the east of the country and in pockets in the north.

In March this year, a high-profile Hezb delegation met Karzai and a U.N. special envoy in Kabul. Although the talks appeared to be preliminary, the public acknowledgement of meeting was unprecedented and could signal a division within the insurgency.

An Afghan army general, Murad Ali Murad, told Reuters this month that members of Hezb was supplying intelligence on Taliban whereabouts to NATO and the Afghan government that led to the killing or arrest of several key commanders in the north. (For more Reuters coverage of Afghanistan and Pakistan, see: here) (Compiled by the Kabul Bureau; Editing by David Fox) (hamid.shalizi@thomsonreuters.com; +93 799 390 693 (If you have a query or comment on this story, send an email to news.feedback.asia@thomsonreuters.com)

Afghan, NATO forces ready security before Kabul Conference

July 18 (Reuters) – Afghan and foreign forces are stepping up security in the Afghan capital for the biggest international conference in decades this week, where delegates will thrash out plans for handing more responsibility for the country to the government. Over 60 envoys, among them some 40 foreign ministers and including U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, are expected to attend the conference on Tuesday, co-chaired by President Hamid Karzai and U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.

With violence at its worst levels since the Taliban were overthrown in late 2001, western diplomats are lauding the fact the conference is taking place in Kabul at all and the Afghan government is keen to see it run smoothly.

A major attack could be a disaster for the government and could score a valuable propaganda point for the insurgents.

While they say all necessary steps to thwart an assault on the day have been taken, both Afghan and NATO forces acknowledge they cannot be everywhere at once. <^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

For Kabul Conference stories, see [ID:nKABCON]

For more on Afghanistan click [ID:nAFPAK]

or see link.reuters.com/syx62d

Afghan blog: blogs.reuters.com/afghanistan/ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^>

That message hit home on Sunday when in the latest spell of violence a suicide bomber killed two civilians and wounded several more, including a child, in a residential area in the capital, close to the U.S. embassy, the Interior Ministry said.

“We are 100 percent prepared but this doesn’t mean everything will go exactly to plan. We will try to do our best and we will also rely on the support of God,” said Zemarai Bashary, spokesman for the Interior Ministry which runs the police force.

PREPARE FOR ATTACK

NATO’s top civilian representative in Afghanistan said insurgents would try to launch an attack and no amount of security preparations could be infallible.

“We have to prepare ourselves for the fact that the insurgents are going to seek to disrupt this,” Mark Sedwill told reporters over the weekend.

“Nobody is going to offer a 100 percent guarantee, but they (security precautions) are very extensive and indeed intensive.”

Bashary said all police officers had been placed on “high alert” and had already taken up their positions in a “ring of steel” around the city. Policemen from other units such as the anti-narcotics police, would also be on standby, he said.

While Western forces are keen to point out the conference security plans have been drawn up by the Afghans, NATO said its troops would be out on the streets with their Afghan counterparts and would have a “quick reaction force” on standby.

NATO helicopters will also be circling over the city in a “show of force” to try and deter an attack, said Lieutenant Commander Katie Kendrick, a spokeswoman for NATO-led forces.

“NATO forces are also ready to assist the Afghan government with any other assets,” she said. Bashary said the ministry had not received any specific threats against the conference, but NATO forces said they had captured several militants inside the capital over the weekend who were planning to attack the meeting.

While not able to completely disrupt it, insurgents fired rockets and tried to stage a suicide attack on a peace “jirga”, or meeting, of tribal elders last month, while Karzai was addressing the gathering.

The attack was quickly suppressed but caused embarrassment for the government and led to the resignations of the interior minister and the head of the country’s intelligence service. Karzai will want to avoid a repeat of the incident. (Writing by Jonathon Burch; Editing by David Fox) (jonathon.burch@thomsonreuters.com; +93 794 354 074; Reuters Messaging: jonathon.burch.reuters.com@reuters.net) (If you have a query or comment on this story, send an email to newsfeedback.asia@thomsonreuters.com)

Karzai to ask UN to trim Taliban blacklist -report

July 12 (Reuters) – Afghan President Hamid Karzai plans to ask the United Nations to remove as many as 50 former Taliban members from a U.N. blacklist, The Washington Post reported on Monday.

The request to remove about a quarter of the 137 names on the list is aimed at advancing reconciliation talks with insurgents, the report said, citing a senior Afghan official.

At least five of those named on the sanction list are former Taliban officials who now serve in parliament or privately mediate between the Afghan government and the insurgents battling NATO-led forces and their Afghan partners.

The senior Afghan official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, said Karzai would request that 30 to 50 names be delisted to “remove all those Taliban who are not part of al-Qaeda and are not terrorists,” the Post reported.

U.S. President Barack Obama’s special envoy for Afghanistan and Pakistan, Richard Holbrooke, met with U.N. officials on Tuesday to press them to move forward on the delisting process, the Post reported, citing sources familiar with the talks in New York.

Holbrooke hopes to reach agreement on delisting some of the purportedly reformed Taliban members before an international conference this month in Kabul that is aimed at bolstering stability in Afghanistan, the article said.

U.N. Security Council Resolution 1267 freezes assets and limits travel of senior figures linked to the Taliban, as well as al Qaeda, but recent Afghan efforts to engage some insurgents in diplomacy have raised doubts about who should be on the list.

The United States opposes the delisting of some of the most violent Taliban fighters, including leader Mohammad Omar, the Post said.

Karzai’s office said last month that the United Nations had agreed to gradually delist Taliban figures provided they had “no links to al Qaeda or other terrorist groups.”

U.N. officials were demanding more evidence that they have renounced violence, embraced the new Afghan constitution and severed any links with the Taliban and al-Qaeda, The Washington Post said. (Reporting by JoAnne Allen; editing by Eric Beech)

Civilian deaths rise as Afghan fight intensifies

KABUL, July 10 (Reuters) – Hundreds of Afghans took to the streets of Mazar-i-Sharif on Saturday to protest against mounting civilian deaths, while five U.S. and NATO troops died in separate insurgent attacks on a bloody day of fighting across the country.

Protesters chanted slogans against foreign forces and Afghan President Hamid Karzai after U.S. troops killed two civilians in a pre-dawn raid on Wednesday in the northern city’s outskirts.

NATO also admitted killing six people with stray artillery on Thursday, a day after an airstrike accidently killed five Afghan soldiers.

Insurgent gunmen also killed 11 Pakistani tribesmen near the eastern Afghan border, opening fire on their bus, while a bomb placed on a motorbike killed one civilian at a bazaar in the Taliban stronghold of Kandahar. [ID:nSGE669GBL] Civilian casualties and friendly fire deaths among Afghan security forces have been a frequent irritant between Karzai and Western military forces during the nine-year war since the ousting of the Taliban in 2001. <^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

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General David Petraeus, the U.S. general tapped by Washington to take over the Afghan war after his predecessor criticised senior administration officials, last week wrote to international troops to warn civilian deaths must be kept at a minimum.

“We must never forget that the decisive terrain in Afghanistan is the human terrain,” Petraeus, who masterminded the Iraq counter-insurgency, wrote to 150,000 U.S. and NATO troops preparing an all-out offensive against the Taliban in the south.

In Kabul, The NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) said five soldiers were killed by roadside bombs and insurgent gunfire in separate incidents in the south and east.

A joint Afghan and NATO investigation team found six civilians died on Thursday when artillery shells went astray in Paktia Province, the alliance said in a statement.

“ISAF officials offer sincere condolences to those affected and accept full responsibility for the actions that led to this tragic incident,” the statement said.

Five Afghan government soldiers were accidently killed and two others wounded in a pre-dawn NATO helicopter airstrike on Wednesday, prompting condemnation from the government.

SENSITIVE CHANGE

Petraeus is considering a sensitive change to rules of engagement drawn up his predecessor to avoid civilian casualties, following complaints they tie the hands of coalition troops combating insurgents.

The latest deaths will make any relaxation more difficult and may prompt more strains with the government.

Karzai is already annoyed over plans outlined by Petraeus for Afghan villagers to form militia-style defence groups to help fight the Taliban on their own, The Washington Post newspaper said on Saturday.

Casualties among NATO forces fighting in Afghanistan hit a high in June and commanders expect violence to rise in parallel with an anti-insurgent offensive in coming months, raising questions about whether more can be done to protect troops.

Bombers including one suicide attacker hit two separate NATO convoys in eastern Khost and northern Kunduz on Saturday, injuring German soldiers and showing the growing insurgency can strike well beyond the Taliban-dominated south.

Two coalition soldiers were killed on Friday in separate bomb attacks, NATO said, while a suicide car bomb hit an alliance convoy on a bridge outside Jalalabad, killing one civilian. (Additional reporting by Sayed Salahuddin; Editing by David Fox) (For more Reuters coverage of Afghanistan and Pakistan, see: here)

Stray NATO artillery kills six Afghan civilians

KABUL, July 10 (Reuters) – Foreign troops in Afghanistan killed six civilians and wounded several others with stray artillery fire just a day after a NATO airstrike accidently killed five Afghan government soldiers.

A joint Afghan and NATO investigation team found the civilians died on Thursday when artillery fire failed to hit a target in the Jani Khel district of Paktia Province, the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) said in a statement.

“ISAF officials offer sincere condolences to those affected and accept full responsibility for the actions that led to this tragic incident,” the statement, received late on Friday, said.

The country’s interior ministry initially blamed the deaths on a rocket fired by insurgents hitting a local bazaar.

Civilian casualties and friendly fire deaths among Afghan security forces have been a frequent irritant between President Hamid Karzai and Western military forces during the nine-year war since the ousting of the Taliban in 2001.

ISAF said commanders had held two days of meetings, or “shuras”, with local elders in Jani Khel to discuss the incident.

New U.S. and NATO forces commander General David Petraeus is considering a change to rules of engagement drawn up his predecessor to avoid civilian casualties, following complaints they tie the hands of coalition troops combating insurgents.

Casualties among NATO forces fighting in Afghanistan hit a record high in June and commanders expect violence to rise in parallel with an anti-insurgent offensive in coming months, raising questions about whether more can be done to protect troops.

Two coalition soldiers were killed on Friday in separate bomb attacks, the alliance said, while a suicide car bomb hit a NATO convoy on a bridge outside Jalalabad, killing one civilian and wounding nine others.

Five Afghan government soldiers were accidently killed and two others wounded in a pre-dawn NATO helicopter airstrike on Wednesday, prompting condemnation from the country’s government.

The attack took place after a aircraft mistook Afghan National Army soldiers for Taliban insurgents during an operation in southwest Ghazni. (Editing by David Fox) (For more Reuters coverage of Afghanistan and Pakistan, see: here)

INTERVIEW-Ex-Taliban governor sees little hope for Afghan peace

July 6 (Reuters) – A former Taliban governor turned Afghan government official dismissed the peace process as a “joke”, saying Afghanistan cannot seek peace with the insurgents only by trying to woo their rank and file. “Peace cannot come to Afghanistan through the junior Taliban,” the 59-year-old Mullah Abdul Salaam told Reuters in an interview in Kabul.

“This will bear no fruit if the Taliban leaders are not involved and listened to. The whole peace process that the government and the world wants to pursue is a joke … a waste of time and money.”

To many observers, the U.S.-led effort to destroy the Taliban and establish a stable government is already a monumental waste of time and money.

Nearly nine years after the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks on the United States, Osama bin Laden and other senior al Qaeda figures are still at large, the Taliban insurgency is raging and there is widespread loathing both for foreign forces and an Afghan government largely seen seen as corrupt or incapable.

Western governments want out and are training Afghan forces to replace them, but perhaps worried they will not be able to cope, President Hamid Karzai is making peace overtures to the Taliban. <^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

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The proposals include offering an amnesty and reintegration to foot soldiers who agree to accept Afghanistan’s constitution, removing the names of certain leaders from a U.N. blacklist, and securing sanctuary in a friendly Muslim nation for others.

But these sort of modest steps simply don’t appeal to the Taliban, Salaam said. The bottomline is they believe they are winning.

The movement’s leadership, based in the Pakistan border city of Quetta, still calls the shots, Salaam said, and has organised war plans, unity and “obedience in hierarchy” — a reference to perceived differences between Afghan and Western officials.

Religious schools in Pakistan were producing suicide bombers in abundance for carrying out low-cost attacks against Afghan and foreign forces, he added, while it was costing the West billions to fund the conflict.

ICONIC TALIBAN

Salaam is among only a handful of ex-Taliban officials to have joined Karzai’s government since the hardline Islamists were ousted in the aftermath of the Sept. 11 attacks.

Sitting crossed-legged on a mat and sporting a long beard dyed to match his jet-black turban, Salaam told how he fought the Soviet occupation of the 1980s and later joined the Taliban as Afghanistan descended into civil war and anarchy after they left.

He rose to become governor of southern Uruzgan province — impressed with some aspects of Taliban rule, but also disturbed by others.

Frustrated with the meddling of Pakistan’s intelligence service in Afghan affairs — and also angered by the way Pakistani militants were killing non-Pashtuns during operations in northern Afghanistan — Salaam said he quit the movement.

Then Sept. 11 happened.

U.S. forces invaded, gave the Northern Alliance the muscle and firepower to tackle the Taliban and Salaam surrendered along with 200 of his armed men to the newly stablished pro-U.S. government of Karzai, only to be arrested later and jailed for eight months for “siding with the enemy”.

Most of his men rejoined the Taliban, but once out of jail Salaam kept a low profile until approached by Karzai, who asked him to become district chief of Musa Qala in Helmand, the most restive part of Afghanistan and a key drug-producing province.

PILLARS OF GOVERNMENT

“My intention was to consolidate the pillars of the government after years of war and that was the reason I joined the government,” he said.

Suddenly his services were in demand, and the Taliban approached him to become its shadow governor instead.

“I told them I am no longer a warrior and we should campaign through the ballot rather than bullets,” he says of a meeting that left his old comrades furious and vowing vengeance.

Some even called him apostate.

Over the following years he had death threats and assassination attempts made on his life, and was also kidnapped before being released after intensive tribal negotiations. Dozens of his extended family were targeted too.

Salaam said the government gave him little help in starting development projects in the area, and that British troops based there stymied his efforts and smeared his reputation until he was dismissed a few weeks ago.

“They (people of Musa Qala) said I didn’t even build a stable,” he complained, adding he was now back in the capital to seek redress.

Meanwhile, Salaam now appears on local television discussion panels not as a voice of the Taliban, but someone who has a good insight into how they think.

“Peace will not come to Afghanistan until you speak to the Taliban leaders and show sincerity,” he said. (Editing by David Fox and Sugita Katyal) (sayed.salahuddin@thomsonreuters.com; Kabul newsroom: +93 799 335 285)) (If you have a query or comment about this story, send an e-mail to news.feedback.asia@thomsonreuters.com)

NATO “protection” plan means little to Afghan village

Afghanistan (Reuters) – In Afghanistan’s Taliban heartland, U.S. soldiers walk a short distance from their camp into a village in mourning with a daunting offer: protection from the insurgents that live in the area.

A roadside bomb killed a father and son and the Americans have come to urge people to turn to them for protection, an offer that few Afghans in this area dare accept.

“The Taliban could find out we talked to you and kill us when we work in our fields,” said 75-year-old farmer Haji Abdul Rahman, after describing how villagers had to retrieve the body parts of the father and son, who were riding a motorcycle when they were blown up.

The U.S. army patrol through Gurgan reflects how NATO’s efforts to improve security to enable the Kabul government to provide better services to Afghans are making little headway.

NATO commanders say the Taliban cannot be defeated by military force alone so they have launched a comprehensive plan to isolate insurgents, who have been fighting tens of thousands of Western forces for nine years.

The strategy can only succeed if ordinary Afghans are convinced that siding with foreign forces and the government of President Hamid Karzai won’t be too risky. The Taliban have made it violently clear they will not tolerate any contact with Western forces.

While Dand District, where Gurgan is located, is relatively peaceful compared to other parts of the Taliban’s birthplace, Kandahar Province, few Afghans believe they are safe.

Just a few kilometers (miles) away, Taliban fighters frequently attack other international troops. Retaliatory artillery can be heard in Gurgan and surrounding villages.

Lt. Matthew Bennett, a native of Greensboro, North Carolina, stopped every few minutes and spoke with Gurgan residents on the patrol, shaking hands with elders and handing out pens to excited children.

He wanted to know if pro-Taliban cleric preach at any of the village’s mosques, if militants had come around lately and intimidated anyone.

As night fell, Bennett sat down in the light of a kerosene lamp with a group of villagers at a small shop. The questions kept coming.

“You said you want to help, us but what about roads and schools?” asked one man. Another man said he felt threatened when U.S. helicopters flew overhead.

Aside from dealing with the Taliban’s military tactics and ferocity, NATO soldiers have to contend with a range of other issues in order to win over Afghans.

Villagers told Bennett they appreciate American efforts to secure the area but said troops had to pay closer attention to cultural sensitivities.

Soldiers manning machinegun turrets on the tops of armoured vehicles had a view of women in houses and something had to be done, they said.

(Writing by Michael georgy; Editing by Miral Fahmy)

NATO “protection” plan means little to Afghan village

GURGAN, Afghanistan, June 27 (Reuters) – In Afghanistan’s Taliban heartland, U.S. soldiers walk a short distance from their camp into a village in mourning with a daunting offer: protection from the insurgents that live in the area.

A roadside bomb killed a father and son and the Americans have come to urge people to turn to them for protection, an offer that few Afghans in this area dare accept.

“The Taliban could find out we talked to you and kill us when we work in our fields,” said 75-year-old farmer Haji Abdul Rahman, after describing how villagers had to retrieve the body parts of the father and son, who were riding a motorcycle when they were blown up.

The U.S. army patrol through Gurgan reflects how NATO’s efforts to improve security to enable the Kabul government to provide better services to Afghans are making little headway.

NATO commanders say the Taliban cannot be defeated by military force alone so they have launched a comprehensive plan to isolate insurgents, who have been fighting tens of thousands of Western forces for nine years.

The strategy can only succeed if ordinary Afghans are convinced that siding with foreign forces and the government of President Hamid Karzai won’t be too risky. The Taliban have made it violently clear they will not tolerate any contact with Western forces. <^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

For more on Afghanistan click [ID:nAFPAK]

or see link.reuters.com/syx62d

Afghan blog: blogs.reuters.com/afghanistan/ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^>

While Dand District, where Gurgan is located, is relatively peaceful compared to other parts of the Taliban’s birthplace, Kandahar Province, few Afghans believe they are safe.

Just a few kilometers (miles) away, Taliban fighters frequently attack other international troops. Retaliatory artillery can be heard in Gurgan and surrounding villages.

Lt. Matthew Bennett, a native of Greensboro, North Carolina, stopped every few minutes and spoke with Gurgan residents on the patrol, shaking hands with elders and handing out pens to excited children.

He wanted to know if pro-Taliban cleric preach at any of the village’s mosques, if militants had come around lately and intimidated anyone.

As night fell, Bennett sat down in the light of a kerosene lamp with a group of villagers at a small shop. The questions kept coming.

“You said you want to help, us but what about roads and schools?” asked one man. Another man said he felt threatened when U.S. helicopters flew overhead.

Aside from dealing with the Taliban’s military tactics and ferocity, NATO soldiers have to contend with a range of other issues in order to win over Afghans.

Villagers told Bennett they appreciate American efforts to secure the area but said troops had to pay closer attention to cultural sensitivities.

Soldiers manning machinegun turrets on the tops of armoured vehicles had a view of women in houses and something had to be done, they said. (Writing by Michael georgy; Editing by Miral Fahmy; (michael.georgy@thomsonreuters.com; Kabul newsroom: +93 799 335 284) (If you have a query or comment about this story, send an e-mail to news.feedback.asia@thomsonreuters.com) REUTERS FOX

Asset list shows Afghan president earns $525 a month

(Reuters) – Afghan President Hamid Karzai earns $525 a month, has less than $20,000 in the bank and owns no land or property, according to a declaration of his assets on Sunday by an anti-graft body.

The assets of Karzai, whose remuneration is five times the national average, were published by the High Office for Oversight and anti-Corruption Commission as part of a decree aimed at providing greater transparency among officials.

Although the Taliban insurgency remains the greatest threat to Afghanistan’s stability, graft at almost every level of society remains a major complaint of ordinary Afghans and anyone doing business with the country.

The list makes no mention of assets held by Karzai’s brothers and other relatives, several of whom run businesses at home and abroad.

It said Karzai, who is married to a stay-at-home physician and has a young son, had jewelry and other valuables worth $11,036.

The anti-graft body is registering the assets of at least 2,000 officials — including ministers, members of parliament, senior military and police officers and provincial leaders — and will start publishing them this week.

“This covers assets held by officials, their wives and children below the age of 18,” Mohammad Yasin Usmani, the commission’s chief, told Reuters on Sunday.

Any official found to have withheld information risked prosecution, he said.

Senior current and former Afghan officials — including two of Karzai’s deputies — are believed to own buildings and assets worth tens of millions of dollars — at home and abroad.

Many got positions of power and influence after siding with U.S.-led forces that toppled the Taliban government in 2001 and have improved their positions through involvement in contracts awarded by foreign forces or government aid projects.

BANK ACCOUNT FROZEN

Police have been questioning 17 current and ex-ministers on suspicion of corruption including former religious affairs minister Sediq Chakari, who now lives in Britain and has had a bank account frozen with $700,000, an official source said.

While some of Afghanistan’s richest men are government officials, those behind Afghanistan’s billion dollar illicit narcotics trade are probably far wealthier.

Among the richest private individuals are believed to be the Safi brothers, who run a chain of businesses including an airline, hotels and construction firms, and Ehsanullah Bayat, who runs the largest national mobile phone firm and a private television channel.

While Karzai has acknowledged a corruption problem, he says it is exaggerated by Western media and insists the biggest source of graft is poor oversight of billions of dollars in aid contracts that dwarf Afghanistan’s budget.

Defense Secretary Robert Gates said in March Washington needed to do more to clean up its contract procedures.

The declaration of assets, signed by Karzai, said he earned $525 a month and had 15,635 euros ($18,762) and $134 in cash in two Commerzbank accounts in Germany.

(Reporting by Sayed Salahuddin; Editing by David Fox and Janet Lawrence)

Afghan president visits Taliban spiritual home

KANDAHAR, Afghanistan, June 13 (Reuters) – Afghan President Hamid Karzai visited the Taliban’s spiritual home on Sunday, launching a campaign that promises better governance and development alongside a security push by foreign forces.

Accompanied by the commander of foreign forces in Afghanistan, U.S. General Stanley McChrystal, Karzai pleaded for support from a gathering of several hundred elders in Kandahar, the city that launched the Taliban and the capital of the province where their insurgency is at its strongest.

“Right now the life of Kandahar is a very bad life,” he said at a conference hall in the city. “Step by step, we can go forward.”

In recent years Karzai has rarely ventured to Kandahar, where he survived an assassination attempt in 2005. He has strong family roots there, however. His brother chairs the provincial assembly and has been accused of corruption, charges he denies.

Washington’s strategy to end the nine-year-old war involves a surge of troops to improve security accompanied by development schemes that provide jobs and an improvement in government services.

Karzai’s administration has been accused in the past of not keeping its side of the bargain, but McChrystal said he believed the government was taking action now.

“I thought I saw extraordinary ownership on the part of a national leader,” he said. <^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

For more on Afghanistan click [ID:nAFPAK]

or see link.reuters.com/syx62d

Afghan blog: blogs.reuters.com/afghanistan/ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^>

Foreign troop deployment is expected to peak at 150,000 before U.S. President Barack Obama’s planned withdrawal starts in July 2011. Visiting British Prime Minister David Cameron made clear last week he wanted his troops out as soon as possible.

This month alone some 37 foreign service members have died in Afghanistan.

Asked what changes the residents of Kandahar would notice after this operation — military officials are keen not to use the word “offensive” — McChrystal said:

“I think it won’t look shockingly different than it does now. … I think it may feel very different.”

“There will be more ANP (police). I think more mothers will feel comfortable with their husbands going to the mosque to pray. I think there will be fewer killings. I think there will be a sense that some of the constricting or menacing pressure on the part of the insurgency has been released.

And I hope it is also matched by improvements in governance.”

Karzai’s brother, Ahmed Wali Karzi, said the Kandahar operation was welcomed by locals. But some remained sceptical.

“In Afghanistan, people first see and then believe,” said Ghulam Jilani Popal, head of the Afghan Independent Directorate of Local Government. (Writing by David Fox from pool notes; Editing by Elizabeth Fullerton) (For more Reuters coverage of Afghanistan and Pakistan, see: here)

Taliban in secret unofficial talks over Afghanistan in Maldives?

Washington, May 21(ANI): The Taliban is reportedly holding secret unofficial talks over Afghanistan at an undisclosed location in the Maldives.

It is not clear whom the Taliban are talking to, but a Maldivian Government statement has indicated that it might be with the officials not directly connected with the Afghanistan Government.

“We cannot disclose the location of the talks, although we can confirm that they are not being held in Male or other population centres,” ABC quoted the statement, as saying.

“Afghanistan’s stability affects the peace and security of our region. The government of Maldives supports efforts to bring a resolution to the conflict in Afghanistan,” the statement added.

The Afghan administration of President Hamid Karzai had earlier made it clear that it would like to negotiate with the Taliban, and the subject of negotiations was one of the prime topics discussed when Karzai met with U.S. President Barack Obama earlier this month.

However, talking over the speculations, Afghan Government Media Center Deputy Director, Sedeqi, denied that Afghanistan Government is participating in the negotiations.

“We aren’t involved in these talks,” Sedeqi said.

U.S. State Department spokesman P.J. Crowley also supported the claim and said: “The Afghan Government has told us that it is aware of the unofficial talks being reported today… and according to the Afghan Government these talks do not include official representatives of the Government of Afghanistan.” (ANI)

Fresh Kandahar offensive may be delayed until fall

Washington/Kandahar, May 18 (ANI): A fresh offensive against a regrouping Taliban in the southern Afghan city of Kandahar could be delayed until the fall, American commanders and policy makers have revealed.

With the Taliban taking the Afghanistan war to the streets and launching a campaign to assassinate key public officials, key military operations have been delayed to improve local governance and end the sense of dread that prevails on to Kandahar”s dusty streets, the Christian Science Monitor (CSM) reports.

NATO officials had last year indicated major progress against the Taliban, but now, at the urging of Afghan leaders, U.S. officials have stopped describing the plan as a military operation.

Instead, they”ve dubbed it “Cooperation for Kandahar,” a moniker meant to focus attention on efforts to build up local governance while reducing fears of street battles.

US commander in Afghanistan General Stanley McChrystal said: “It”s important that we engage the population so that we shape the leaders, the natural leaders, the elders, political and economic leaders so that their participation helps shape how we go forward.”

American and Afghan officials, however, so far have made little headway in building a foundation for a respected local government capable of winning the confidence of the nearly a million Afghans who live in and around Kandahar.

The largest impediment remains President Hamid Karzai”s half-brother, Ahmed Wali Karzai, a controversial kingpin and reputed drug smuggler who reportedly has been paid by the CIA.

He reportedly wields virtually unchecked power over the region as the chairman of the provincial council as well as through local militias, security firms awarded lucrative contracts by the U.S.-led international force and an alliance with a small band of powerful tribal leaders.

Karzai denies any wrongdoing, and U.S. officials say they”ve been unable to uncover incriminating information on him.

Many U.S. defense officials and analysts are concerned that continuing to work with Ahmed Wali Karzai could jeopardize the public support that General McChrystal concedes is vital to his plan”s success. (ANI)

US closely watching Krishna visit to Iran

Washington, May 15 (IANS) The United States would be watching closely Indian External Affairs Minister S. M. Krishna’s visit to Iran over the weekend, but does not expect Tehran to change course on its nuclear programme.

So ‘We believe that it is time to apply more pressure to Iran and that, we think, is the best way to get them to engage more seriously,’ State Department spokesman Phillip Crowley told reporters Friday.

Asked if the US had reached out to India at any level on the issue as it did with the visiting British Foreign Secretary William Hague ‘on the need to send a strong and united signal about Iran’s nuclear programme,’ he said ‘Not to my knowledge.’

‘I mean, Iran did come up in the context of the discussion that we had this week with (Afghan) President (Hamid) Karzai since, obviously, Afghanistan is a neighbour of Iran. I mean, we are touching in a wide range of discussions with a wide range of countries,’ Crowley said.

‘And we’ll be watching closely to meetings that occur in Tehran this weekend,’ he said when asked to comment on Krishna’s visit to Tehran. ‘But as the Secretary (of State Hillary Clinton) said, we are sceptical that Iran is going to change course.’

Clinton, he recalled, had also said… ‘we believe that it is time to apply more pressure to Iran and that, we think, is the best way to get them to engage more seriously.’

US will not allow terrorist ‘safe havens’ in Pakistan: Obama

Washington, May 13 (IANS) US President Barack Obama has warned Pakistan that his administration would not allow ‘safe havens’ for militants in its tribal region bordering Afghanistan or let Osama bin Laden operate with impunity.

‘My bottom line is that we cannot allow Al Qaeda to operate,’ he said. ‘We cannot have those safe havens in that region,’ he said Wednesday at a joint White House news conference with Afghan President Hamid Karzai.

‘I’m not going to allow Al Qaeda or Osama bin Laden to operate with impunity, planning attacks on the US homeland,’ he said, adding his envoy to the region, Richard Holbrooke, will convey his message to Islamabad.

‘We’re going to have to work both smartly and effectively, but with consistency in order to make sure that those safe havens don’t exist.’

Obama said he had appointed Holbrooke as a special envoy for Pakistan and Afghanistan to give a new focus to dealings with terrorism.

‘I’ve sent over Richard Holbrooke – one of our top diplomats – to evaluate a regional approach,’ he said. ‘We are going to need more effective coordination of our military efforts with diplomatic efforts, with development efforts, with more effective coordination with our allies in order for us to be successful.’

Obama said he had no schedule for the withdrawal of US troops from Afghanistan.

‘I do not have yet a timetable for how long that’s going to take…’

Pakistan realises there is a cancer in their midst: Obama

Washington, May 13 (IANS) President Barack Obama believes that after years of looking at their main rival India as their only concern, Pakistan has finally come to realise that the cancer of terrorism threatens Pakistan’s sovereignty.

‘I think there has been in the past a view on the part of Pakistan that their primary rival, India, was their only concern,’ he said Wednesday at a joint press appearance with the visiting Afghan President Hamid Karzai in response to a question by an Afghan journalist about Pakistan’s unhelpful attitude towards Afghanistan.

‘I think what you’ve seen over the last several months is a growing recognition that they have a cancer in their midst; that the extremist organizations that have been allowed to congregate and use as a base the frontier areas to then go into Afghanistan, that that now threatens Pakistan ‘s sovereignty.’

Obama said he and Karzai had in the past, met with Pakistan President Asif Ali ‘Zardari, as well as their intelligence officers, their military, their teams, and emphasised to Pakistan the fact that our security is intertwined.’

‘Our goal is to break down some of the old suspicions and the old bad habits and continue to work with the Pakistani government to see their interest in a stable Afghanistan which is free from foreign meddling,’ he said.

‘Afghanistan, Pakistan, the United States, the international community, should all be working to reduce the influence of extremists in those regions, Obama said. ‘And I am actually encouraged by what I’ve seen from the Pakistani government over the last several months.’

‘But just as it’s going to take some time for Afghanistan’s economy, for example, to fully recover from 30 years of war, it’s going to take some time for Pakistan, even where there is a will, to find a way in order to effectively deal with these extremists in areas that are fairly loosely governed from Islamabad,’ Obama said.

Praising recent steps taken by Pakistan to take on militants, he said: ‘Part of what I’ve been encouraged by is Pakistan’s willingness to start asserting more control over some of these areas.

‘But it’s not going to happen overnight,’ he acknowledged. ‘And they have been taking enormous casualties; the Pakistani military has been going in fairly aggressively. But this will be a ongoing project.’

During a 45 minute meeting in the Oval Office, Obama said he and Karzai ‘both discussed the fact that the only way, ultimately, that Pakistan is secure is if Afghanistan is secure.

‘And the only way that Afghanistan is secure is if the sovereignty, the territorial integrity, the Afghan constitution,

the Afghan people are respected by their neighbours.

‘We think that that message is starting to get through, but it’s one that we have to continue to promote,’ Obama said.

(Arun Kumar can be contacted at arun.kumar@ians.in)

Afghan leaders distrust threatens American war strategy

Jalalabad (Afghanistan), May 13 (ANI): The success of the NATO offensive in the coming weeks in Kandahar, the Taliban heartland, may well depend on whether Afghans can overcome their corrosive distrust of President Hamid Karzai and his government, the New York Times reports.

According to the paper, Afghan elders met Tuesday at a Marine base near Marja in Helmand Province, as part of an American plan to build mutual trust.

But both Americans and Afghans have struggled to establish a local government that can win the loyalty of the Afghan people, something that is essential to keeping the Taliban at bay, it adds.

Karzai was confronted with that issue when he met with American officials this week, including President Obama on Wednesday.

Both leaders are seeking to repair months of badly strained relations.

The insurgency has spread to some new places, notably the north and northwest of the country, although it has diminished in a few areas. It is now made up of more than half a dozen groups with different agendas, making it that much harder to defeat, or negotiate with, even if the Americans and Afghans could agree on a strategy for doing so.

In 120 districts that the Pentagon views as critical to Afghanistan’s future stability, only a quarter of residents view the government positively. And the government has full control in fewer than a half dozen of these districts.

According to Nader Nadery of the Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission, 18 months is simply not enough to have a stable and secure Afghan government in place.

The current strategy inevitably will allow insurgents some havens, as long as those are in sparsely populated areas where they are unlikely to have much impact.

A NATO officer said Colonel George said he hoped that if he could embolden Afghan citizens to combat corruption in the more populated river valleys and provincial towns in their areas, they would at least create a government they could support.

Diplomats who have spent years in the country working with Afghans give the Americans credit for trying, but they warn that it is easy to underestimate the complexity of Afghan tribal relationships and the profound antipathy for the government. (ANI)