Turmeric root cuts breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women

Washington, July 14 (ANI): Curcumin, a popular Indian spice derived from the turmeric root, can help reduce cancer risk among postmenopausal women exposed to hormone replacement therapy, according to University of Missouri researchers.

Studies conducted in the past have suggested that a combined oestrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy increases postmenopausal women’s risk of developing progestin-accelerated breast tumours.

“The results of our study show that women could potentially take curcumin to protect themselves from developing progestin-accelerated tumours,” said Salman Hyder, the Zalk Endowed Professorship in Tumor Angiogenesis and professor of biomedical sciences in the College of Veterinary Medicine and the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Centre.

The study conducted using animal model showed that curcumin delayed the first appearance, decreased incidence and reduced multiplicity of progestin-accelerated tumours.

Curcumin also prevented the appearance of gross morphological abnormalities in the mammary glands.

The research team previously showed that progestin accelerates the development of certain tumors by increasing production of a molecule called VEGF that helps supply blood to the tumour.

And blocking the production of VEGF could potentially reduce the proliferation of breast cancer cells.

Hyder said that curcumin inhibits progestin-induced VEGF secretion from breast cancer cells.

“Curcumin and other potential anti-angiogenic compounds should be tested further as dietary chemopreventive agents in women already exposed to hormone replacement therapy containing estrogen and progestin in an effort to decrease or delay the risk of breast cancer associated with combined hormone replacement therapy,” Hyder said.

The study has been published in Menopause, a journal of the North American Menopause Society. (ANI)

Migraines more common in women than men

Washington, June 26 (ANI): Next time your wife complaints about migraine pain, don’t think of it as an excuse for not cooking food, for the most common type of headache that sends patients running to their doctor’s office is more common in women than men, says a new study.

Migraines occur when constricting blood vessels in the brain cause intense, recurring vascular headaches.

Approximately three out of four migraine sufferers are women and researchers have often cited hormones as a possible explanation.

According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, over half of migraines in women transpire right before, during or after a woman has her menstrual period.

And while some women experience migraines throughout their cycle, menstrual-related migraines could be one trigger of the condition.

Right before a woman’s cycle begins, the levels of oestrogen and progesterone drop sharply.

Such a drop in hormone levels may initiate migraine headaches because oestrogen is known to control brain chemicals that affect pain sensation in women.

“Like in all neurological diseases, a combination of genetics and environment play a role. One environmental factor is oestrogen but a genetic predisposition has been firmly established,” said Richard Pearl, MD, a clinical neurologist in Suffolk County, N.Y.

While hormones cannot give a clear picture behind the phenomenon, a recent study has revealed that women with a history of migraines may be less likely to develop breast cancer than other women.

As breast cancer is linked to higher lifetime exposure to oestrogen, the fact that migraines are more common when there is a drop in oestrogen could support the hormone theory. (ANI)

7 in 10 women ‘feel uncomfortable’ talking about vaginal dryness, pain

Washington, May 19 (ANI): A new study has revealed that nearly 70 pct of postmenopausal women feel embarrassed to talk about vaginal dryness and pain, and hesitate to seek medical help.

The survey showed that nearly 39 pct of post-menopausal women experience these symptoms of vaginal atrophy and 40 percent agree that it interferes with their sex life.

Local symptoms such as painful intercourse, vaginal dryness, itching, burning, and soreness are caused, like other menopausal symptoms, by the gradual decline of oestrogen production in ovaries.

Seven out of ten said they were reluctant to talk about the problem with their physician.

As result a quarter would wait for over a year before finally contacting their physician.he survey showed only 30 percent of women considered talking to a gynaecologist, and only 29 percent considered talking to a GP.

“The results of this survey really highlight my experiences of treating menopausal women and in my practice in Italy it is even worse. I see many women who have vaginal dryness and pain post-menopause, and the most alarming aspect is that they wait for so long, with only 17 percent of surveyed women taking a treatment to counteract these symptoms.” said Dr. Rossella Nappi, Director of the Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause Unit at the Maugeri Foundation, University of Pavia, Italy.

“In addition to the physical pain that affects the women, there is an emotional impact on them and their partner as well.

“There is definitely a taboo factor involved as the survey shows that, of those who have experienced vaginal dryness and pain, 47 percent would rather speak to a female physician than a male physician about the problem,” she added.

The survey also showed that 67 percent of those who have had or are currently taking treatment experience improvements, including an improved quality of life, a return to normal sexual activity, and an improvement in the relationship with their partner.

“Vaginal dryness and pain don’t need to be considered as a natural part of growing older and effective treatment options, such as vaginal oestrogen tablets, pessaries, creams or rings are available and can easily be prescribed by their healthcare professional.” said Professor Henry Burger, Consultant Endocrinologist, Jean Hailes Foundation for Women’s Health, Melbourne, Australia.

The study was presented at the European Congress on Menopause in London. (ANI)

Being a career woman could affect fertility

Melbourne, Apr 16 (ANI): The modern women with successful careers and high stress levels to match may be damaging their chances of having children, a study has found.

According to the research, which involved international comparison of women in 37 different populations and cultures, career women are more likely to have androgynous figures which indicate higher levels of androgens, as opposed to oestrogen, which is vital for conceiving successfully.

While women with more shapely figures have higher levels of oestrogen, reports The Daily Telegraph.

The study, which has been published in the recent issue of the journal Current Anthropology, reached its conclusion by examining the shape of women around the world by comparing their waist-to-hip ratio.

This ratio is calculated by dividing a woman’s waist circumference by the circumference of her hips.

University of Utah anthropologist Professor Elizabeth Cashdan says there is evidence the hormonal profile linked to a slim-waisted, non-curvy shape favours women in “resource competition, particularly under stressful and difficult circumstances”.

The findings claim that females who are driven to succeed suffer a hormonal shift with their oestrogen levels affected by increases of androgens, hormones linked to competitiveness and strength.

For a comparison, the study looked at the measurements of 240 Playboy centrefolds and found they had an average waist-to-hip ratio of 0.68.

The average female waist-to-hip ratio is 0.82. (ANI)

Soybean may help cut menopause effects

Washington, Apr 9 (ANI): Soy aglycons of isoflavone (SAI), a group of soybean constituent chemicals, may help reduce menopause effects, say researchers.

The research, described in BioMed Central’s open access journal Nutrition and Metabolism, shows how dietary supplementation with SAI lowers cholesterol, increases the anti-oxidative properties of the liver and prevents degeneration of the vaginal lining.

obin Chiou led a team of researchers from National Chiayi University, Taiwan, who studied the effects of the dietary supplement on a group of female rats that had undergone ovary removal.

He said, “These ovariectomized animals are a good model for study of the menopause as the loss of oestrogen from the ovaries mimics the natural reduction in oestrogen seen in menopausal women. SAI itself has weak oestrogenic properties and we’ve shown here that menopause-related syndromes can be prevented or improved by dietary supplementation with the compounds it contains”.

In comparison to control animals, the authors found that the ovariectomized rats fed a diet enriched with SAI showed increased liver antioxidative activities and improved lipid profiles. Levels of harmful LDL cholesterol were reduced, while beneficial HDL cholesterol was increased.

According to Chiou, “It is generally agreed that the higher HDL and the lower LDL concentrations are of benefit in chemoprevention of cardiovascular diseases. Our findings support the indication that soybean consumption may prevent coronary heart disease”.

The authors hope that dietary soy supplementation may provide an alternative to hormone replacement therapy (HRT), which has been linked to the development of uterus and breast cancers. (ANI)

Why women store fat more efficiently than men

Melbourne, Apr 7 (ANI): Oestrogen, the female sex hormone, reduces a woman’s ability to burn fat after having a meal, say researchers.

The finding, by Sydney endocrinologist Associate Professor Tony O’Sullivan, of the University of NSW and St George Hospital, Sydney, may help explain why ladies store fat more efficiently than men.

The study has been published in the journal, Obesity Reviews.

To reach the conclusion, the researchers pooled together research by himself and others to explain why women have on average 6 to 11percent more body fat than men, despite males generally eating more.

The hypothesis suggests a fat-storing mechanism kicks in during puberty and early pregnancy for biological reasons. During times of scarce food, extra kilograms may mean survival.

Tony said that body fat is also linked to fertility as ovulation can stop if underweight.

“Female puberty and early pregnancy – times of increased oestrogen – could be seen as states of efficient fat storage in preparation for fertility, foetal development and lactation,” ABC Online quoted him, as saying.

“There’s strong preliminary evidence, but further research is needed.

“The hypothesis stems from the fact women have a higher percentage of body fat than men, yet when you look at dietary intake, women don’t eat more fat and calories than men, they normally eat less.

“It suggests when puberty occurs women change the way they metabolise fat, storing more fat from their diet instead of burning it up,” the researcher added.

Research supporting the notion shows that in the first 12 to 15 weeks of pregnancy women put on an average 2 to 3 kilograms of fat despite not eating more or exercising less. (ANI)

Testosterone boost doesn’t ‘fire’ women’s risk taking behaviour

London, Apr 7 (ANI): Unlike men, women do not engage in risky financial decisions when given testosterone, Swedish researchers have shown.

Although earlier studies have found correlations between testosterone levels and risky behaviour in men, including one that found that male securities traders with more testosterone in their saliva made riskier financial decisions, the latest study has suggested that women are a safer pair of hands on the stock-market trading floor than men when given the hormone.

The latest study led by Magnus Johannesson, an economist at the Stockholm School of Economics, found no “men-like” effects in a group of 200 post-menopausal women.

In the study, women were administered testosterone, oestrogen or a placebo for four weeks and asked to play a series of economic games that measure the player’s propensity to take risks, their trust, and their willingness to share resources.

For instance, in the ‘dictator game’, a player can decide how much of a pot of money they will share with a charity and how much to keep for themselves.

The team thought that the testosterone-taking women would behave more like men, giving less to charity and accepting more risk in an investment game. Yet their results, which are published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, revealed no meaningful differences between the women who had taken testosterone or oestrogen and the placebo group2.

“My assumptions have changed a lot,” Nature quoted Johannesson, as saying. (ANI)

First kiss helps assess potential mates

London, Feb 14 (ANI): Your first kiss is not just the first display of passion, but it is also a kind of screening process to discover whether a potential partner is compatible as a mate, according to scientists.

The researchers claim that the touching of lips is a “biological” quality control strategy for “mate assessment” which has evolved over millions of years.issing also triggers certain hormones that reduce stress, increase attachment between a couple, and boosts the sex drive.

According to Helen Fisher, professor of anthropology at Rutgers University, New Jersey, men subconsciously use a kiss to gauge levels of oestrogen and in turn fertility.

On the other hand, women are sizing the man up to assess how strong his immune system and health is, and how well he looks after himself.

And the information is used by both sexes to make a choice before agreeing upon having sex because then the outcome could be too “expensive”.

Fisher said that she believed both men and women used kissing for “mate choice, for sizing someone up, not only socially but chemically”.

She even cited research by Gordon Gallup, of Albany University, and other researchers and said that perspective lovers unconsciously checked the fertility of the mate they were kissing.

In her opinion, men like “sloppier kisses” as they test the saliva to see how fertile their woman is.

“The hypothesis is they’re trying to get small traces of oestrogen to see where the woman is in her menstrual cycle to indicate the state of her fertility,” the Telegraph quoted her as saying.

On the other hand, findings suggested that women used smell as they kissed to deduce some things about the man’s immune system.

“There’s some who suggest by kissing a man a woman is unconsciously able to detect aspects of a particular complex of genes in the immune system…… and that what they’re doing is being turned on my someone with different variations in the system. They’re more attracted to a different immune system,” she said.

“Over 90 per cent of societies around the world kiss and a great many animals.

“These are all devices we use to size up an individual before we do something like have sex with them which is very metabolically expensive and very time consuming.

“It is almost parsimonious to think that kissing would be an adaptive mechanism for assessing the quality of an individual,” she added.

The study was presented at the American Association for the Advancement of Science 2009 meeting. (ANI)

Study debunks herbal menopause remedy myth

Washington, Jan 14 (ANI): Scientists have found no strong evidence proving the efficacy of commonly taken herbal remedies in relieving troublesome menopausal symptoms.

In fact, for some of these medicines there is hardly any evidence at all, according to the researchers.

A large number of women experience vasomotor symptoms around the menopause, such as hot flushes and night sweats, prompted by the sharp fall in oestrogen levels.

Commonly used herbal remedies to relieve menopausal symptoms include black cohosh, red clover, Dong quai, evening primrose oil, and ginseng. Others include wild yam extract, chaste tree, hops, sage leaf, and kava kava.

However, according to the study, only a little good quality evidence on the effectiveness of herbal medicines, or how they might react with prescription medicines is available.

Generally speaking, safety has been under researched, which is a major concern given that herbal remedies are often assumed to be “safe” just on the grounds that they are “natural,” said the authors.

Usually published studies are poorly designed, include too few participants, or don’t last long enough to be of real value.

Also, the chemical make-up of various preparations of the same herb may differ, which can make it difficult to compare trial results.

The drugs regulator, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), has given a Traditional Herbal Registration to Menoherb, which contains black cohosh, under a scheme designed to boost the safety of herbal products on sale.

However, the authors said that clinical trial data on black cohosh are “equivocal,” with some studies suggesting that the remedy works well, while others suggest that it does not relieve symptoms effectively.

One of the potential side effect of black cohosh is liver toxicity.

The authors said that there is “no convincing evidence” that red clover extract is effective.

Also little evidence is there one way or another for dong quai, evening primrose oil, wild yam, chaste tree, hops, or sage.

The study, titled ‘Herbal medicines for menopausal symptoms’ is published in the latest issue of the Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin (DTB). (ANI)

Black women with uterine cancer at greater death risk than white patients

Washington, Feb 9 (ANI): A new study suggests that the risk of mortality among black women with uterine cancer may be higher than that in their white counterparts.

The researchers found that black women were 60 percent more likely to die from their tumours than white women, and relatively little progress has been made over the past two decades to narrow this racial difference.

During the study, the team led by Dr. Jason Wright, assistant professor of obstetrics and gynecology at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, analysed the clinical data of 80,915 patients.

Seven percent of the patients were black, who were documented to have uterine cancer between 1988 and 2004.

The data was divided into three groups based on when women were diagnosed: 1988-1993, 1994-1998, and 1999-2004.

The findings revealed that black patients were significantly younger and had more advanced and more aggressive tumours than white women.

The advanced cancers occurred in 27 percent of blacks between 1988 and 1993, and in 28 percent from 1999 to 2004.

However, the corresponding figures for white women were 14 percent from 1988 to 1993 and 17 percent from 1999 to 2004.

And for each of the three time periods, survival was worse for blacks than for whites.

The researchers also found that, over time, the incidence of serous tumours and clear cell tumours (two aggressive types of cancer) increased, and the use of radiation decreased for both races.

Lymph node dissection was performed to determine tumour stage more commonly in both races in recent years, and its use was well matched between the two groups (45 percent of blacks and 48 percent of whites).

The investigators note that biological differences might also play a role in the discrepancy in the survival rates of blacks and whites.

The racial differences in risk factors like obesity, medical comorbidities, and oestrogen use have also been proposed as contributing to observed racial disparities in uterine cancer survival. (ANI)

New generations of oral contraceptives may be safer, says study

Washington, Jan 15 (ANI): A new study has shown that new generations of oral contraceptives may be safer than the early high-dose formulations.

However, all the risks and benefits are yet to be established.

“Health care providers must evaluate each woman’s risk factors, especially those related to cardiovascular health, prior to starting any contraceptive therapy,” said Dr. Chrisandra L. Shufelt, assistant director of the Women’s Heart Center at the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute.

“Although pre-menopausal women have a much lower risk of cardiovascular disease, routine screening for potential problems and follow-up is important,” she added.

The earlier contraceptives used higher levels of oestrogen than the newer formulations, which are now available not only in pill form but in patches and vaginal rings.

The newer formulations use lower doses of oestrogen, which is safer in terms of lowering the risk of blood clots, and they tend to use a progestin, a synthetic version of progesterone that is not likely to raise blood pressure and may even slightly reduce it.

According to the researchers, any woman considering the use of contraceptives should be evaluated for cholesterol levels, blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, kidney problems, obesity and other vascular diseases, including migraines.

Healthy, non-smoking women aged 35 or more can continue taking a low dose oral contraceptive until 50 to 55 years after reviewing the risks and benefits.

The report appears in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. (ANI)

High insulin levels increase breast cancer risk

Washington, Jan 10 (ANI): An American study has revealed that high levels of insulin increase the risk of breast cancer in women.

Lead researchers Marc Gunter and Howard Strickler, of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, revealed that they examined the role of insulin in breast cancer while controlling for oestrogen levels.

This attains significance because, while the proneness to breast cancer has been attributed to high oestrogen levels in many obese postmenopausal women thus far, insulin has never been recognised as an independent risk factor.

During the study, the researchers examined the association between incident breast cancer and baseline fasting insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (a related hormone), and oestradiol levels in 835 women enrolled in the Women””””s Health Initiative Observational Study who developed breast cancer and a randomly-selected sample of 816 women in the study who did not develop breast cancer.

Upon dividing the women into four groups based on their fasting insulin levels, the team found that the subjects with the highest insulin levels had nearly a 1.5-fold higher risk of developing breast cancer than those with the lowest insulin levels.

When the researchers separately analysed women who were not using hormone therapy, they found that individuals with the highest insulin levels had a 2.4-fold increased risk of developing breast cancer compared to those with the lowest levels.

The finding remained unchanged even when the researchers took into account multiple other breast cancer risk factors, including oestrogen levels.

“These data suggest that hyperinsulinemia is an independent risk factor for breast cancer and may have a substantial role in explaining the obesity-breast cancer relationship,” the authors conclude.

The study has been reported in the Journal of National Cancer Institute. (ANI)

Now, a porridge that promises “an orgasmic breakfast-in-bed”!

London, Jan 8 (ANI): Forget pills, lotions and yoga, porridge is now being touted as an adult breakfast cereal, courtesy its libido-boosting qualities for early risers.

Porridge, which has long been recommended as a good start to the day for people, is now being described as “an orgasmic breakfast-in-bed”.

‘Morning Glory’ is made by Rude Health, a cereal company whose fans already include the famously suggestive cook, Nigella Lawson, among others, reports The Scotsman.

The ‘blessed’ food contains organic British oats which the makers claim “enhances libido by re-balancing oestrogen and testosterone levels to help keep your stamina up all morning”.

Pumpkin seeds are added which contain zinc “for a high-octane sex-drive boost” as well as barley, rye and quinoa flakes “for a cheeky wake-up crunch”. (ANI)