Kuznetsova’s luck runs out against Kirilenko

Svetlana Kuznetsova’s luck finally ran out at Roland Garros on Friday.

This time, as darkness descended on Court One, the defending French Open champion could find no miraculous escape from the jaws of defeat as she was beaten 6-3 2-6 6-4 by fellow Russian Maria Kirilenko.

It was not through lack of effort though. The sixth seed saved two match points to go with the four she staved off two days ago against Germany’s Andrea Petkovic.

When Kirilenko was offered a third opportunity to finish off her struggling opponent, however, she made no mistake as Kuznetsova prodded a backhand into the tramlines.

“I mean, it was very hard to defend my title with the tennis I have been playing this season,” a glum 24-year-old, who also has a U.S. Open title to her name, told reporters.

“I didn’t come here with my best game, but I gave my all. I fought to the end, it happens.

“I’ll be back. I have the game. It’s just matters of time.”

Kuznetsova appeared to have turned the match on its head when she had a point for a 3-0 lead in the deciding set but Kirilenko reeled off the next four games.

Again Kuznetsova had two points to level at 5-5 but her brittle confidence undermined her again and Kirilenko held her nerve to reach the fourth round here for the first time.

“I’m happy the way I played at the end of the match, I was so aggressive,” Kirilenko, who also beat Kuznetsova in Rome recently, told reporters. “I took a risk. That last game was a tough, tough game. This is one of the best wins of my career.”

Kirilenko will face Italy’s Francesca Schiavone in the fourth round.

“I’m expecting a tough match. She has too much spin, she plays kind of like a guy,” the 23-year-old said of her next challenge.

(Editing by Miles Evans; To query or comment on this story emailsportsfeedback@thomsonreuters.com)

FEATURE – Penalties will put players on the spot

Two men face each other, knowing that a single kick is about to decide their teams’ fate as more than 700 million viewers watch: it must be a World Cup penalty shootout.

There is more than a 50 percent chance that the winners of the World Cup in South Africa, which kicks off on June 11, will have to survive a penalty shootout en route.

Some of the world’s top sportsmen will inevitably buckle under the pressure, consigning millions of fans to despair and a lifetime of muttering “what if…?”

Derided as a lottery by critics, the penalty shootout is unsurpassed as the ultimate test of nerve to decide tied games. Despite its flaws, it makes compulsive viewing.

The split-second moment can make a player a hero, or forever scar an otherwise unblemished career.

“It affected me for years,” said Roberto Baggio, the Italian forward who was one of the best players of the 1994 tournament until he missed in a shootout defeat to Brazil in the final.

“It was the worst moment of my career. I still dream about it. If I could erase a moment it would be that one.”

England’s Stuart Pearce shared that sentiment after missing in a 1990 semi-final defeat to Germany.

“My world collapsed. The walk back to the centre circle was a nightmare as the first rush of tears pricked my eyes,” Pearce said years later.

Four of the last five winners of the world’s biggest sports event have had to come through a shootout test of nerve during one of their four knockout games, including Italy and Brazil in the final games of 2006 and 1994.

Since penalties were introduced in 1982, to decide matches that remained drawn after extra time, there have been 20 shootouts in seven tournaments.

Five players from each side take a kick and if the scores are level a “sudden-death” process starts. Fifty-six, or 30 percent, of the 186 spot kicks have been missed.

FIRST MISS

Germany have proved most clinical, winning all four shootouts they have been involved in.

German defender Uli Stielike was the first man to miss in a shootout in Spain 28 years ago but his team still won the semi-final. Not one of his countrymen has missed since, giving German players a 94 percent success rate.

In contrast, England have lost all three of their World Cup shootouts, missing half of the 14 kicks they have taken.

The Swiss, Mexicans, Romanians and Dutchmen have yet to win a shootout, while this year’s favourites, Spain, may need to improve their record of one win from three.

“It may not be wholly representative of the game but it’s a test of skill under pressure and some countries have proved good at it,” said Matt Pain, part of Loughborough University’s football psychology research unit in England.

“It’s clearly not a lottery because the statistics show how many Germany have scored and how many England and the Netherlands score.”

Coaches going to South Africa will spend much time on research, trying to improve their chances, backed up by sports science and psychology experts who have spent hundreds of hours studying the art.

Sixty percent of shootouts are won by the team going first, so the captain who wins the coin toss can grab a clear advantage before a ball is kicked.

From there, it gets more technical, but experts say the key is controlling the pressure.

“Penalty shootouts are really a psychological game,” said Geir Jordet, associate professor at the Norwegian School of Sport Science in Oslo who has studied shootouts extensively.

“It’s not so much about technique or skill, it’s about players choking. Shootouts are not decided by great shots or spectacular penalties. They are decided by the one, two or three players who fail because the pressure gets to them.”

FASTER ENGLISH

Jordet’s research has highlighted several reasons why some players and countries fail.

English, Spanish, Italian and Dutch players, for example, rank high in terms of “star” status, having enjoyed club success and great popularity at home, which piles on more pressure.

His research has shown English players take kicks quicker than players from any other country, reflecting their desire to get them over as soon as possible.

Germany’s clinical approach — the team are said to have a database of more than 10,000 penalties and goalkeeper Jens Lehmann was seen studying a crib sheet tucked into his sock during a quarter-final shootout four years ago — is being copied by others anxious to know which way opposition goalkeepers tend to dive and which way players prefer to aim.

In the run-up to this year’s tournament, all the top teams will practise their technique from the penalty spot.

“You can’t replicate the exact emotions you’re going to have but, as Tiger Woods does with putting, you can practise a skill to give you more chance when the pressure is on,” said Loughborough University’s Pain.

The English, Swiss, Dutch and Mexicans can at least hope that if tested this time they can reverse their fortunes. Italy did so in style four years ago — beating France in the final after losing their three previous shootouts.

Baggio may have helped to inspire that victory. After his miss in 1994 he stepped up again four years later to score, albeit in another defeat against France.

“I’ve never run away from my responsibilities,” Baggio said. “Only those who have the courage to take a penalty miss them.”

(Editing by Clare Fallon)

Waiting to win title is like sitting on a lottery ticket: Lampard

London, May 8 (ANI): Chelsea’s ace midfielder Frank Lampard has said that waiting to win the Premier League title is like sitting on a winning lottery ticket.

Table toppers Chelsea can clinch their third Premier League championship with a win over Wigan at Stamford Bridge on Sunday.

“It’s hard to describe the feeling right now but I guess it might be a bit like having a winning lottery ticket and waiting for someone to tell you you”ve won to make it real,” he said.

Lampard said that everyone must stay focused on the job or risk losing the crown. “This is the league but, in effect, we are playing a cup final.”

“We have played 37 games this season and now it all comes down to one match. Everything that has gone before almost counts for nothing. To put in a sloppy performance is unthinkable,” The Sun quoted him, as saying.

Lampard has not allowed himself to dream about what winning a third title might be like, as there is work still to be done. \

“I’m superstitious and I don’t let myself visualise situations. But I remember what it was like to celebrate when we won the league before. I know how good that felt.

“It has been a nervous few weeks. You go into every game knowing any little slip will give heart to Manchester United. When I think about it, this has been a nerve-wracking month. Sunday is the culmination of it,” he added. (ANI)

Riewoldt to miss at least 12 weeks

St Kilda captain Nick Riewoldt has confirmed he is likely to be out of action for a minimum of 12 weeks with his hamstring tendon injury.

The Saints had been careful not to put a timeframe on the recovery period for their most important player, only expressing confidence he would return in the latter part of the season.

St Kilda and Riewoldt are more than hopeful he will be ready for the finals.

Riewoldt needed surgery on Monday to repair a hamstring tendon after he tore it just before half-time in last Friday night’s 28-point win over Collingwood at Docklands.

“Probably 12 (weeks) is something like the minimum for this sort of injury, but again they haven’t had too much experience with this particular type of injury,” Riewoldt told Channel Seven.

“It’s not a tendon off the bone, as some people were reporting, or a tendon off a muscle junction, it’s a pure tendon injury.”

His absence will mean a massive challenge for the Saints, but Riewoldt has faith they will be able to reorganise their attack and remain competitive.

The Saints narrowly lost an epic grand final to Geelong last year and have started this season with three straight wins.

Before his successful operation, there was plenty of speculation about how long Riewoldt would be sidelined, including fears that the injury might end his season.

Riewoldt admits he was nervous before receiving the good news that the surgery had gone well.

“It’s pretty nerve wracking, to be honest, when I did it originally,” he said.

“I haven’t had much experience with hamstring (injuries) … so I didn’t know what to expect.

“There were a lot of doomsdayers, I suppose, who were saying ‘off the bone’, and then some were saying regulation four to six (weeks).

“So I just threw my arms up in the air and really was willing to accept whatever happened, providing I could get back later in the year, which is the case.”

Aussie cosplayers get their geek on

Fashion and nerds don’t generally mix, but a growing bunch of creative, anime-obsessed Australians are breaking down that stereotype by getting their geek on through cosplay.

Cosplay – a combination of costume and role play – originated in Japan as a way for comic, video game and animation fiends to imitate their favourite characters.

It spread to Australia in 2001 and experts say the often expensive and time-consuming hobby is becoming increasingly popular.

Bryan Marriage, 27, and Melanie de Chantraine, 32, are two of the country’s oldest cosplayers.

The Queenslanders have been cosplaying for nearly eight years. Between them they’ve created more than 40 costumes, spending between $100 and $1,000 on each.

Bryan described his foray into the scene at Brisbane’s 2003 pop culture expo Supanova as nerve-racking.

“I was very nervous because I didn’t know a lot of people there and I’d come from Toowoomba, so I wasn’t in and around the fandom crowd at that stage,” he said.

“Getting up on stage was scary but everyone was cheering and it got the adrenaline going … through that I got in contact with a lot of other cosplayers.”

He admits his obsession is left of centre.

“I was always a little bit bizarre and quirky,” he said.

“At school I did drama and I had a lot of fun doing that, but when cosplay came along it was sort of a release, to do something similar to drama.

“Probably what’s kept me in it is friends and the people I get to meet and also a love for different shows and different series.

“It gives me that extra dimension to show my fandom … you get to display the feelings for a character you have and it lets you release your inner child.”

Melanie, thought to be Australia’s most experienced and well-known cosplayer, says she thrives on the hobby’s creative challenges.

“It’s a creative outlet and it gives me something to do. I can’t imagine what else I’d be doing if I wasn’t doing this,” she said.

“It’s just seeing the challenge – if I can make this 2D character exist in the real world – and sometimes I reckon they’re trying to break me.”

She says Japanese anime is not like anything you see in Australia.

“With Western characters the designs are a bit prudish, but the Japanese characters are just so out there,” she said.

“They don’t care if they look stupid and I think sometimes they look so stupid that they loop back around to awesome.”

Game on

Supanova 2010 begins in Brisbane today. It will then move around the country to Melbourne, Sydney and Perth.

Supanova is a hub for both veteran and budding cosplayers, hosting competitions for them to show off their intricately designed costumes and play out their much-loved characters.

Sydney student, 22-year-old Christie Lee, won the national cosplay competition last year.

While she has only been cosplaying for a few years, the dedicated champion has already concocted more than 30 costumes.

“Making every costume is a learning experience,” she said.

“It’s a way of expressing how much I love a particular story or how much I love a particular character.

“A lot of people appreciate it and they are amazed by how you created your outfits … when you get to a convention it’s kind of like walking into Disneyland.

“You see your favourite characters walking around looking beautiful. It gives you a sense of satisfaction and happiness.”

Her winning piece was based on Alice, the heroine from the Japanese manga (comic) and anime series, Pandora Hearts.

“I’d never made a big, humungous Victorian dress before and I never really want to make another one again,” she said.

Brisbane student, 19-year-old Sabina Myers, is also excited by the costume side of cosplaying.

“A lot of people have different approaches to how they prefer to do cosplay,” she said.

“I like to design my own costumes because it’s more fun and I don’t always pick things from Japanese anime.”

One of her recent designs was an interpretation of the White Rabbit from Alice In Wonderland.

“Even I think it’s weird,” she said.

“My friends and I try to keep real about how strange this hobby is. It is a strange hobby and people will think it’s odd, but I’m okay with that and I enjoy it.”

Popular culture

Madman, an Australian distributor of anime, initiated the national competition last year.

Head judge Sylvester Ip says there are hundreds of cosplayers around Australia.

“We attend about 20 events and every event we go to there are more and more people in costumes and cosplaying in general,” he said.

“We’re definitely seeing an increasingly popular pop culture thing that kids are getting into. It’s definitely increasing and as the years go by we expect to see more and more entrants.”

Veteran cosplayers Bryan and Melanie agree the scene is growing.

“With more conventions, more competitions, people are becoming more aware of it and participating,” Bryan said.

“So it is increasing probably a lot more quickly than I would have ever expected.”

But Melanie says the rise in cosplaying has been accompanied by an increase in cattiness.

“The first con that I went to was in Adelaide and there may have been 10 of us,” she said.

“I went back to that con two years ago and there was over 100, so it has definitely grown … with the rise that I’ve seen over the last eight years it can only get bigger.

“But it is getting competitive and nasty, with a lot of people taking it far too seriously – a lot of bitchiness and people talking behind people’s backs.”

Melanie is an Australian representative for the World Cosplay Summit – an annual international event held in Japan – which includes 15 countries and hundreds of thousands of participants.

Christie just returned from spending a week in Japan, her prize for being last year’s national champion.

After experiencing cosplay there in its most original form, she says she still prefers Australia’s take on it.

“Japan is very strict with the cosplay thing, which was really irksome,” she said.

“Japan cosplay is much more extreme … I’d never seen so many cosplayers in one place in my life. They’re more perfectionist than us. They put much more detail into the hair and their make-up.

“They’re just so used to seeing so many cosplayers all together, I guess it just loses the spark of uniqueness over there.

“But here there is a lot more variety. No-one really looks the same and it’s much more open here in saying: ‘Oh my god, your outfit looks awesome. Can I take your photo?’.”

Burrow on fire as Slater limps through

Nine-time world surfing champion Kelly Slater will hope the inconsistent conditions continue at Bells Beach as he tries to recover from a foot injury.

Slater needed a pain-killing injection and strapping before he won a dramatic third-round heat of the Rip Curl Pro on Wednesday at neighbouring Winkpop.

He later admitted to wanting a lay day on Thursday to give him time for more treatment on the foot ahead of his round-four match up against Tahitian Michel Bourez.

Slater might have his wish granted, with tricky conditions forecast for Thursday.

He suffered the injury while free surfing at Bells on Wednesday and had to go to hospital for scans.

Fellow American Dusty Payne put Slater under pressure with a 9.17 wave score at the start of their round-three heat, but the three-times Bells winner held his nerve and won the heat 15.10 to 13.84.

“It’s really badly inflamed in the joint, maybe I tore some stuff,” Slater said.

“I felt pretty good once I got up on my feet and moved around – the first wave, I was a little tentative, a little bit worried, but once I got moving I felt I could go.

“I got a couple of scores, I kept it efficient, I think I only caught three waves.”

Wednesday’s one-metre surf at Winkipop was easily the best conditions the men have enjoyed since their competition started.

While Slater provided the drama on Thursday, in-form Australian Taj Burrow was the star.

After dispatching compatriot Matt Wilkinson in round three, Burrow further boosted his soaring confidence with a big win over three-time world champion Andy Irons in round four.

Burrow, who won round one of the world tour last month on the Gold Coast, had the day’s highest heat score of 17.77 to beat Irons’ 11.93.

He will now face Brazilian Adriano De Souza in a quarter-final.

“A lot of the time, I struggle with maintaining confidence for a whole year, but at the moment I feel probably the most confident I’ve felt in my career,” Burrow said.

In other round-four action, Australia’s reigning world champion Mick Fanning had to work hard to overcome Tiago Pires of Portugal, 12.60 to 10.90.

Fanning will have a tough quarter-final against South African Jordy Smith, who lost to Burrow in the Gold Coast final.

Smith had the day’s best wave score of 9.80 in his round-four win over Hawaiian Roy Powers.

Earlier in the day, Fanning beat impressive wildcard entrant Gabriel Medina of Brazil and Smith dispatched young Australian star Owen Wright in round three.

Other big names yet to compete in round four are defending Bells champion Joel Parkinson of Australia, compatriot Bede Durbidge and American Bobby Martinez.

Stosur dumps Jankovic to make quarters

Australian tennis ace Samantha Stosur has snapped Jelena Jankovic’s eight-match winning streak to advance to the quarter-finals of the lucrative Miami Open.

World number 10 Stosur had never previously taken a set from Jankovic, but outclassed the Serb 6-1, 7-6 (11-9) in their fourth career meeting.

Stosur’s impressive fourth-round victory also reversed a 6-2, 6-4 semi-final loss to eighth-ranked Jankovic last week at Indian Wells.

In a marquee match featuring two of the tour’s most in-form players, Stosur broke Jankovic in the second and seventh games to race through the opening set in 27 minutes.

The second set seemed headed the same way as Stosur jumped out to a 3-1 lead and grabbed another break point in the fifth game.

But Jankovic tenaciously battled back to 3-3 before sending the set to a tie-breaker.

Serving with confidence, ninth-seeded Stosur held her nerve, saving two set points in the breaker, to close out the contest match in one hour 31 minutes.

Stosur, who also made the quarter-finals last year in Miami, next plays US Open champion Kim Clijsters for a place in the last four of the $US4.5 million event.

The Australian is none-from-three against Clijsters, who crushed fourth-seeded titleholder Victoria Azarenka 6-4, 6-0 in her fourth-round match.

- AAP

Valentine tipped to be given all clear

Scans on the injured hamstring of Brumbies half-back Josh Valentine are expected to reveal it is not as serious as first thought.

Valentine came from the field early in the first half of the Brumbies’ 30-23 win over the Chiefs at Canberra Stadium last Friday night with a hamstring injury.

The Brumbies were still awaiting the results of scans late on Monday afternoon but were confident there was no tear or serious injury and the 27-year-old would be available against the Cheetahs in two weeks.

However, Brumbies coach Andy Friend says the hamstring may have been the least of Valentine’s worries after a visit to the dentist.

“He’s getting his wisdom teeth out today, so he’s got a few more issues to deal with there,” he said.

With the Brumbies already dealing with a string of injuries, Friend is praying Valentine gets the all clear.

Friend says he still has received no indication on how long veteran openside flanker George Smith will remain on the sidelines after injuring his shoulder two weeks ago against the Blues.

“There’s still no response from that nerve in the shoulder and they need to normally give it about three weeks (rest) and then look for some other treatment,” he said.

“We had lengthy discussions about that this morning and we’re no clearer on what the future holds for him.”

The Brumbies have a bye this weekend and it could not have come sooner.

“We’ve got a lot of boys who are carrying little niggles and halfway through the season it is a pretty good time for it,” Friend said.

“We’ll use the week well and give them a bit of refresh and then hopefully finish off the back half of the season in better form.”

The Brumbies are in fifth spot on the ladder after five wins from their opening seven matches.

- AAP

Courtney Cox says giving birth at 40 was ‘hard’

London, March 29 (ANI): Former ‘Friends’ star Courtney Cox has admitted that having a baby at the age of 40 took its toll on her figure.

Cox, now 45, welcomed her daughter Coco with husband David Arquette in 2004.

And the actress insists that she struggled when Coco was born because of the impact that late birth had on her body.

‘I just couldn’t believe I had a baby and I didn’t know what to do with her,” the Daily Star quoted her as saying.

“Things get harder the older you get. Forty-five is hard and it struck a nerve with me,” she added. (ANI)

Groom escapes flood to attend wedding

A central Queensland man has been in danger of missing his own wedding due to floodwaters isolating him for two weeks.

Dave McIntyre from near Taroom has been flooded in on his property for the past two weeks but has finally made it out.

He is due to marry his fiance Megan Lawlor tomorrow on the Sunshine Coast and the bride-to-be says the big wet has added to the pre-wedding stress.

“I was a little bit nervous and every time I called, ‘can you get out yet – can you get out’, it was always ‘no, no, no’ … so it sort of felt like it was going on forever,” Ms Lawlor said.

“Two weeks of having Dave stuck was a little bit nerve-racking.

“It’s going to be a good story in years to come, it was very unexpected but it’s been great to have the rain.”

Online video-chats making blind dates a thing of the past

Melbourne, Mar 10 (ANI): With the advent of video dating services that allow potential partners to see each other via webcams, the trend of blind dates and the uncertainty that comes with them are coming to an end.

An increasing number of video dating services are appearing on the web, with an Australian service called Skyecandy leading the charge.

Founder of Sydney-based Skyecandy, Melonie Ryan, said that the newly launched dating service worked with Skype, the online video and audio chatting service.

Skyecandy users can sign up for up to 10 five-minute online speed dates in a row, with partners chosen on their age, basic details and location.

Users then spend a minute between dates rating participants on their friendliness and whether they”d like to exchange details to chat again.

Ryan said that so far, the service had attracted about 18,000 users, with online daters in Australia and the United States the fastest to adopt it.

One user Solicitor Kristyna Drummond-Hay, 27, said she tried the service after finding it while looking for Skype software.

She said online video dating was “nerve-racking at first”, but very soon she started likening seeing her online dates live on her computer screen.

“I”ve been on dating sites like RSVP and Oasis Active and people write what they think a woman wants to hear, but in front of your face you can pick up on their mannerisms and the tone of their voice and judge how genuine they are,” the Courier Mail quoted Drummond-Hay as saying. (ANI)

A docudrama plays a story of women cricketers’ struggle and triumph

Kolkata, Sep 9 (ANI): A docudrama titled ‘Indian Women’s Cricket team Poor Cousins of Million Dollar Babies’ highlights the disparity between men and women cricket players in India.

As the title suggests, the docudrama shows how while men cricketers hog all the limelight and bask in the glory of success and money, women cricketers are way behind their male counterparts though they have been able to carve a name for themselves in the international sport arena.

The 25-minute audio-visual commentary narrates a story of the triumph of women’s cricket despite the disparities and differential treatment.

Former Indian Skipper Anjum Chopra said the docudrama has been able to mirror the women cricketers’ struggle, hard work and determination to reach the milestone they have achieved despite receiving far less attention of sports authority, sponsorship and media coverage as compared with their male counterparts.

“I really liked it. I think it’s very nice. It covers a lot of angels into the lives of women cricketers on and off the field. It’s a true depiction of the lives and struggles of Indian women cricketers go through,” Anjum Chopra added.

The The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI ) spends millions of rupees on men’s cricket and its stalwart players but women’s team, which has consistently done well in the context of world tournaments, has not received the same attention and promotion.

Sunil Yash Kalra, who has directed the documentary, said it’s time to tell the story of players engaged in the most popular and fast growing game in India despite their gender.

“It’s a sport which is a nerve centre of India, the subcontinent. And, it’s also included in the Asian Games next year. So, basically if you were to look at it… A, it’s the fastest growing game. B, there is a story that needs to be told about each individual member, that’s what the idea is to showcase the best to the rest of the world,” Kalra added.

The film also reveals interesting facts about women’s cricket in India. For example, women’s cricket in India can be traced back to early 20th century when an Australian school teacher Anne Kelleve made cricket a compulsory game at the Baker Memorial School in Kottayam, Kerala, in 1913.

The Women’s World Cup was initiated in 1973, two years before the men’s World Cup. And, Indian eves played T20 international cricket in 2006 while Indian men played their first match in 2007. (ANI)

Rose McGowan loses elbow part during new film stunt

Washington, Sep 9 (ANI): Rose McGowan has lost some part of her elbow after suffering serious injury on the sets of her new film ‘Red Sonja’, which is being directed by her fiance Robert Rodriguez.

While last year, the ‘Scream’ star was quite upbeat about her stunts in the she-devil comic book adaptation, but now her injury has brought the production to a standstill.

“I had wrist and elbow surgery and they took part of my elbow out. I had really bad nerve damage from doing stunts – I do a lot of my own stunts,” Fox News quoted McGowan as saying.

“I could no longer use my arm, but now I can hold a fork and drive so we’re working our way up. It’ll probably be another six months of rehab, but It’s the price you pay for being really limber and being able to do back flips!” she added.

However, despite her Hollywood success, the 35-year-old actress had initially thought being an actress was a pretty pathetic profession.

“I wasn’t trying to be an actor, I was standing outside of a gym waiting for my friend to come out and this woman he knew kept saying, ‘She should be in this movie blah blah blah’ and I was like, ‘Gross, I don’t want to be an actor! Ew!’ and then I found out they would pay me enough money for a down payment on an apartment,” said McGowan.

“Otherwise I would have had to go back and live with dad in Seattle. The film, ‘The Doomed Generation,’ became this huge cult movie and was nominated for an Independent Spirit Award and I’ve been following the Yellow Brick Road ever since…” she added. (ANI)

Novel therapeutic target for Parkinson’s disease identified

Washington, Aug 29 (ANI): Scientists from University of Helsinki Institute of Biotechnology have identified a novel therapeutic target for Parkinson’s disease.

Lead researcher Professor Raimo K. Tuominen and colleagues have identified a growth factor that can be used to halt the progress of damage brought on by a nerve poison, and possibly restore the function of damaged cells.

The team is investigating two new nerve growth factors. MANF (mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor) and CDNF.

MANF is released from glial cells in the midbrain and is a member of the same growth factor family as CDNF.

The team found that in the experimental PD model, MANF and CDNF injections into the brain prevented dopamine nerve destruction caused by nerve poison and to some extent even restored the function of damaged cells in rats.

This suggests that MANF spreads more readily in brain tissue than other known growth factors.

This may be a highly significant finding in respect to the development of growth factor therapy for PD. (ANI)

Taliban using ‘organized crime’ in Karachi to fund their ‘terror business’: NYT

New York, Aug.29 (ANI): Taliban insurgents have resorted to ‘organized crime’ to generate funds for their militant activities being carried out in the lawless northwestern Pakistan, and the banned outfit has made Karachi their hub for the new ‘business’.

The Taliban is using Karachi, Pakistan’s financial capital, to regroup, smuggle weapons and even work seasonal jobs, but of late the extremists have started working with criminal groups and are using Mafia-style network for kidnapping, robbing banks to generate funds for their counterparts based along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border.

Officials also admit that being the country’s financial nerve, Karachi has emerged a soft and favoured target of Taliban’s new business.

“There is overwhelming evidence that it’s an organized policy,” said Assistant Inspector General of the Karachi police, Dost Ali Baloch.

This is where they come to hide, where they raise their finances,” said a Karachi based counterterrorism official, on conditions of anonymity.

Taliban’s increasing involvement in organized crimes in the city can be gauged from the fact that about eighty percent of bank robberies conducted in the recent past are now believed to be related to the insurgency and other militant groups, The News York Times reports.

Officials believe that kidnapping for ransom may have been the single largest revenue source for the Taliban’s Pakistan chief Baitullah Mehsud, who was killed in a US drone strike earlier this month.

Karachi’s business community is the prime target of the insurgents.

“They’re real professionals. They know for sure that whoever they take can afford to pay,” said said Ahmed Chinoy, a textile manufacturer who is the deputy head of a citizens committee.

People are so perturbed and frightened by the deteriorating situation that they have started to take matters into their own hands, but they believe such steps are inadequate and the authorities must step-in.

“If we give, we’re in trouble, and if we don’t give, we’re in trouble. We’re being ground down in between,” said Abzal Khan Mehsud, a member of the Oil Tanker Owners Association.

“The worse the economy is, the more jihadis it will create.This is a money war,” said Idrees Gigi, a textile manufacturer in North Karachi. (ANI)

Novel method to make safer human stem cells uses just one gene

London, Aug 29 (ANI): Inching closer to curing diseases like Parkinson’s using cells generated from a patient’s own body, researchers have successfully reprogrammed human nerve cells back to an embryo-like state by using just a single gene.

It is known that embryonic stem cells are pluripotent – they can develop into any of the body’s cell types.

But such cells are not available in large numbers, as they can only be harvested from a donated egg or embryo, and, for ethical reasons, most countries have laws restricting their use.

In 2006, Shinya Yamanaka and his colleagues at Kyoto University in Japan successfully made mouse cells pluripotent by reprogramming skin cells into a state like embryo cells.

They did so by using retroviruses to insert four genes – known as “factors” – into the cells’ DNA.

They repeated the trick a year later with human cells.

However, using genes and retroviruses in this way increases the risk of the cell becoming cancerous, not just because tinkering with DNA has that effect, but also because two of the four factors are known to cause cancer.

In a bid to make these promising cells in a safe way, Hans Scholer’s team at the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine in Münster, Germany, has been working to achieve pluripotency using fewer factors.

Last year, they did this with the two factors that do not cause cancer, and now they have simplified the recipe further, doing it with just one.

“Remarkably, it turns out that three of these four essential factors are already expressed in human neural stem cells – although not in skin cells – so we only needed to add one factor, OCT4,” New Scientist quoted Boris Greber, a member of the team, as saying.

He said that the cells from neural tissue are much easier to reprogram than skin cells, and are less prone to mutations.

It is much harder to get a sample of neural stem cells than skin cells, as it can be done via extracting the cells from the dental pulp of teeth, said Greber.

Inserting even one gene into the chromosome of a cell still permanently modifies its DNA, which is why the new method will remain a lab tool instead of being allowed in the clinic.

However, the researchers are hoping that it will help them improve methods for producing embryonic stem cells.

“Ideally, we will be able to find a chemical that does the same job of expressing the factor without the need for a gene,” said Greber.

Earlier this year, researchers in California managed just that when they reprogrammed mouse fibroblasts using a cocktail of proteins.

That technique did not involve inserting genes, and, thus, shouldn’t raise the cancer risk. But that was far less efficient.

“Without stable intervention using viruses, the frequency of reprogramming goes down and you have to wait a long time. We don’t have the perfect method yet,” said Greber.

The study has been published in the journal Nature. (ANI)

Bariatric surgery can eliminate diabetes symptoms

London, Aug 28 (ANI): Weight-loss surgery can help eliminate the symptoms of type 2 diabetes in nearly 80 percent patients, an international study has found.

The research team led by Professor Henry Buchwald of the Department of Surgery at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, observed almost 135,000 patients for the study.

The findings concluded that 78 per cent patients had a “complete resolution” of diabetes for up to two years post-surgery, while 87 either saw resolution or noted an improvement in their condition, reports Timesonline.

Type 2 diabetes is common to obese people and occurs when the body stops producing or using insulin, the hormone that maintains the sugar level in blood.

Losing weight can help the body to efficiently use available insulin, and thus prevent kidney failure, nerve damage and eye problems.

The weight-loss surgery, medically known as the bariatric surgery, or the gastric-band operation, fits a band around the upper part of the stomach, restricting the amount people can eat before feeling full. Though the operation can benefit diabetes patients, it is advised only for the very obese, who’ve failed to lose weight otherwise.

But charity Diabetes UK is a little sceptical about the findings of the research.

Zoë Harrison, care adviser for the charity, said: “Although the data shows good results from bariatric surgery, it must be remembered that any surgery carries serious risks.

“Bariatric surgery should be considered only as a last resort. It can lead to dramatic weight loss, which in turn may result in a reduction in people taking their type 2 diabetes medication, and even in some people needing no medication at all. This does not mean type 2 diabetes has been cured.

“These people will still need to eat a healthy, balanced diet and be physically active to manage their diabetes.” (ANI)

Bariatric surgery can eliminate diabetes symptoms

London, Aug 28 (ANI): Weight-loss surgery can help eliminate the symptoms of type 2 diabetes in nearly 80 percent patients, an international study has found.

The research team led by Professor Henry Buchwald of the Department of Surgery at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, observed almost 135,000 patients for the study.

The findings concluded that 78 per cent patients had a “complete resolution” of diabetes for up to two years post-surgery, while 87 either saw resolution or noted an improvement in their condition, reports Timesonline.

Type 2 diabetes is common to obese people and occurs when the body stops producing or using insulin, the hormone that maintains the sugar level in blood.

Losing weight can help the body to efficiently use available insulin, and thus prevent kidney failure, nerve damage and eye problems.

The weight-loss surgery, medically known as the bariatric surgery, or the gastric-band operation, fits a band around the upper part of the stomach, restricting the amount people can eat before feeling full. Though the operation can benefit diabetes patients, it is advised only for the very obese, who’ve failed to lose weight otherwise.

But charity Diabetes UK is a little sceptical about the findings of the research.

Zoë Harrison, care adviser for the charity, said: “Although the data shows good results from bariatric surgery, it must be remembered that any surgery carries serious risks.

“Bariatric surgery should be considered only as a last resort. It can lead to dramatic weight loss, which in turn may result in a reduction in people taking their type 2 diabetes medication, and even in some people needing no medication at all. This does not mean type 2 diabetes has been cured.

“These people will still need to eat a healthy, balanced diet and be physically active to manage their diabetes.” (ANI)

Tone-deaf people lack an important neural pathway

Washington, Aug 19 (ANI): Researchers have found that the nerve fibres that link perception and motor regions of the brain are disconnected in tone-deaf people.

According to experts’ estimates, at least 10 percent of the population may be tone deaf – unable to sing in tune.

The new finding has pinpointed a particular brain circuit that is believed to be absent in these individuals.

“The anomaly suggests that tone-deafness may be a previously undetected neurological syndrome similar to other speech and language disorders, in which connections between perceptual and motor regions are impaired,” said Dr. Psyche Loui, of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, one of the study’s authors.

For the study, the researchers used an MRI-based technique called diffusion tensor imaging to examine connections between the right temporal and frontal lobes.

It is known that this region, a neural “highway” called the arcuate fasciculus, is involved in linking music and language perception with vocal production.

They took brain images of 20 people, half of whom had been identified as tone-deaf through listening tests.

The arcuate fasciculus was smaller in volume, and had a lower fibre count in the tone-deaf individuals.

Particularly, the superior branch of the arcuate fasciculus in the right hemisphere could not be detected in the tone-deaf individuals.

Thus, the researchers speculated that this could mean the branch is missing entirely, or is so abnormally deformed that it appears invisible to even the most advanced neuroimaging methods.

“The findings are clear. They show that the arcuate fasciculus, a structure long-known to join perceptual and motor areas, has reduced connectivity in individuals with tone deafness. Beyond improving our understanding of the anatomical underpinnings of tone-deafness, this study provides new insight into a person’s ability to detect pitch,” said Dr. Nina Kraus, at Northwestern University.

The findings add to previous work by the same researchers demonstrating that tone-deaf people could not consciously hear their own singing, and work by other researchers indicating abnormalities in brain regions that affect sound perception and production.

The study has been published in the latest issue of The Journal of Neuroscience. (ANI)

Quick, accurate way of diagnosing endometriosis developed

Washington, Aug 19 (ANI): Researchers from Australia, Jordan and Belgium have developed a quick and accurate test for endometriosis that does not require surgery.

Endometriosis, which has been estimated to affect 10-15 percent of women of reproductive age, is a chronic gynaecological disease in which cells from the endometrium establish themselves outside the uterus, within a woman’s pelvic area.

Symptoms associated with it include infertility, painful periods, pelvic pain and pain during sexual intercourse.

So far, there has been no way of accurately diagnosing endometriosis apart from laparoscopy – an invasive surgical procedure – and this often leads to women waiting for years in pain and discomfort before their condition is identified correctly and treated.

Now, researchers at the University of Sydney and Mu’tah University in Karak, Jordan, have found that if they take a small sample of the endometrium (the lining of the uterus), which can be done by inserting the device for taking the biopsy via the vagina, and then test for the presence of nerve fibres in the sample, they can diagnose whether or not endometriosis is present with nearly 100 percent accuracy.

The new research has been published online in Europe’s leading reproductive medicine journal Human Reproduction. (ANI)