Philippines airforce to spend $150 mln on upgrade

MANILA, July 5 (Reuters) – The Philippines will spend about 7 billion pesos ($150 million) on aircraft and surveillance systems to guard the sprawling archipelago and help fight Muslim separatists and Maoist rebels, a senior general said on Monday.

Lieutenant-General Oscar Rabena said the airforce would get 15 combat utility and night-capable helicopters, 10 refurbished UH-1H helicopters, a long-range maritime patrol plane, a refurbished C-130 transport, basic trainer jets and long-range radar systems.

“We have the plans in place for transition from internal security to territorial defence,” Rabena told reporters at Villamor Air Base, where a ceremony was held for the 63rd anniversary of the Philippine Air Force.

He said eight combat utility helicopters from Polish company PZL Swidnik, a unit of Anglo-Italian helicopter company Agusta Westland, would be delivered next year.

For more than 40 years, the Philippines’ 130,000-member army has been fighting Muslim separatists seeking a homeland in the south of the mainly Catholic state and Maoist-led rebels waging a protracted war to overthrow a democratically-elected government.

At the ceremony, President Benigno Aquino III, the military’s commander-in-chief, reiterated his commitment to provide the troops, weapons and equipment needed to end insurgencies and protect the country’s territorial integrity. [ID:nSGE66109K]

“I will not make false promises to you or tell you things simply for the sake of making positive headlines,” Aquino said, adding a secure and stable country was needed to attract investment that could create jobs.

“That’s why they’re called investments,” Aquino later told reporters of the new equipment, adding the defence department was studying schemes to raise funds outside the annual budget.

“There are creative schemes that will not make the government lose its assets but will be in a position, like a lease, that we can enter into and then fund what we need.”

Defence Secretary Voltaire Gazmin told Reuters he had asked the military to make an inventory of available assets, including land that could be leased on a long-term to property developers.

“We have many camps within the capital region that can be leased for a minimum of 50 years. These are prime property that can generate billions of pesos and finance our modernisation programme.” (Reporting by Manny Mogato; Editing by John Mair and Ron Popeski)

Nepal PM quits in hope to end crisis with Maoists

KATHMANDU, June 30 (Reuters) – Nepali Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal resigned on Wednesday in a move aimed at resolving a political crisis and saving the peace process more than three years after the end of a decade-long Maoist civil war.

“I have decided to resign with effect from today to clear the way for a political consensus,” Nepal said in a televised address.

The country’s Maoists insisted on returning to power at the head of a unity government to oversee the preparation of Nepal’s first constitution after it turned into a republic two years ago.

The moderate communist Nepal succeeded Maoist leader Prachanda as prime minister in May last year after the former warlord quit in a conflict over the control of the national army.

Since then, the Maoists, who won the 2008 election for a special constituent assembly tasked to prepare a new constitution, had been pressing for Nepal’s resignation to pave the way for a national unity government headed by them.

The former rebels called the resignation a “positive” step to end the deadlock.

“We will make efforts for a national unity government with the consensus of all political parties,” Maoist spokesman Dinanath Sharma said.

But other political parties say the Maoists, who are the biggest political group in the assembly but lack the working majority, must dismantle their army camps before they are allowed to form a new coalition.

Maoists have so far refused to do so and the standoff forced the extension of the assembly deadline delaying the preparation of the charter until May next year. They had threatened to disrupt the budget session of parliament beginning next week if the leader did not resign.

Analysts said if the new government also kept the Maoists out it was unlikely to end the turmoil, sparking fresh bouts of street protests and general shutdowns.

The crisis has hit the aid-and-tourism dependent economy already facing long hours of power outages and a double digit inflation, raising popular frustration with the government. (Editing by Krittivas Mukherjee and Miral Fahmy)

ANALYSIS-Tussle over forests shows India’s growth dilemma

NEW DELHI, June 24 (Reuters) – India’s maverick environment minister is resisting pressure from some cabinet colleagues to clear forests for mining and roads in a tussle that underlines the country’s struggle for sustainable growth.

Jairam Ramesh wants to protect and expand India’s remaining forest land as part of a strategy to fight climate change, but that could mean giving up mining about a quarter of the country’s mineral reserves, needed to power Asia’s third-largest economy.

He has scrapped or delayed clearance for some 100 mining projects, including those backed by India-focused miner Vedanta Resources Plc (VED.L) and South Korea’s POSCO (005490.KS), drawing protests that he is hurting development in a country acutely short of power and raw materials.

“What you see in this debate is the challenge of the balance between growth and environment protection,” said Sunita Narain, head of New Delhi-based Centre for Science and Environment.

But saving forests in India is more than just about protecting the environment.

Years of uncontrolled mining has pushed tribal people off their forest land, alienating them and fuelling insurgencies that feed off a perceived neglect of the poor.

In India, two-thirds of the population makes a living from farming and a growing Maoist rebellion has capitalised on farmers’ resentment over the government’s seizure of their land for industry.

For example, violence has flared over POSCO’s proposed 12-million-tonne capacity steel plant in the eastern state of Orissa. The steelmaker needs 1,600 hectares (4,000 acres) of land and a large portion of the proposed site is forested. [ID:nSGE64E02M]

Vedanta wants to push ahead with a long-stalled bauxite mine in eastern India but a government panel accused Vedanta in March of violating environmental guidelines. [ID:nSGE62E0TM]

COLLISION COURSE

About 65 million hectares, or 20 percent of India’s land, is forested. And this is also where most of India’s mineral resources lie, including huge deposits of iron ore, and the coal that fuels about 60 percent of India’s power output.

Forests also absorb about 11 percent of India’s greenhouse gas emissions every year.

Ramesh is among a handful of political leaders watched closely for their ability to push an agenda to modernise India against conservative figures in the ruling Congress party focused more on political expediency.

He wants to extend forest cover by about a million hectares every year, putting him on possible collision path with his colleagues from the mining and highways ministries because it could put more areas out of bounds for them.

In his quest to better regulate the mining sector, Ramesh has identified “no-go” zones in forest land that could put about 620 million tonnes of coal, among other minerals, out of reach.

An angry mining ministry has sought the intervention of the prime minister’s office. Officials say it is a tough decision to make in view of the environmental, social and political fallout.

The mining sector’s clout means there could be some redrawing of Ramesh’s “no-go” zones.

But a spotlight on steps the world’s number four greenhouse gas polluter takes to cut carbon emissions, and realisation that taking away forest land from poor tribes will only worsen the Maoist insurgency, could limit changes.

Thousands have died in the rebellion since the armed struggle began in the late 1960s, and the prime minister has described the insurgency as the nation’s biggest security challenge. [ID:nSGE64U07I]

Industry says it is pricing in stronger environmental rules.

“I think environmental norms are going to get tougher and tougher,” Haresh Melwani, chief executive of mining and exporting firm HL Nathurmal & Co, told Reuters.

“It is being seen not only in India, but globally because of public awareness. One has to build in environmental costs into total costs and move on.”

CRACKDOWN ON ILLEGAL MINING

Ramesh has also cracked down on illegal mining, often done with help from local politicians, and brought more accountability in a sector that had minimal environmental regulations.

Stringent environmental checks are seeing some fallout in the mining sector.

“Gestation periods for mining projects are going up because of clearance issues,” said a mining ministry official on condition of anonymity as he is not authorised to speak to media.

Extracting minerals such as coal will be crucial for India if it has to keep growing at about 10 percent in the medium term.

In 2009/10, India’s coal output was 531 million tonnes, about 70 million tonnes short of domestic demand. Coal imports are forecast to rise beyond 100 million tonnes by 2012.

Coal Minister Sriprakash Jaiswal said on Wednesday that the threat of Maoist attacks was hampering coal mining in several states, keeping production lower than the demand from growing industries [ID:nSGE65M04J].

Stronger environmental laws could also impact iron ore, of which India is the world’s third largest supplier, shipping out around 107 million tonnes of the mineral mostly to China in 2009.

But many in the industry are happy at what they say is much-needed clarity in policy.

“I think the industry has been saying for a long time that rather than on a reactive basis, tell us proactively what is permissible and what is not in terms of areas,” Kameswara Rao, executive director, PricewaterhouseCoopers, told Reuters. (Writing by Krittivas Mukherjee; Editing by David Fogarty)

Chidambaram reviews anti-Maoist operations in Jharkhand

Ranchi (Jharkhand) June 11 (ANI): Union Home Minister P Chidambaram held a detailed review of the ongoing anti-Maoist operations in Jharkhand on Friday.

Chidambaram also held consultations with senior officials and newly appointed advisors to the Jharkhand Government and discussed measures to tackle the Maoists activities in the State.

The two-hour long meeting held at the Raj Bhawan in Ranchi was attended by top officials of the state, including Chief Secretary AK Singh, Home Secretary JB Tubid and Director General of Police (DGP) Neyaj Ahmad.

Chidambaram also reviewed the Centrally sponsored special development scheme implemented in the ten Maoist-affected districts of the state.

This was Chidambaram”s first visit to Jharkhand after the imposition of the President”s rule on June 1. (ANI)

Another Hindu militant group on rise in Nepal?

Kathmandu, June 6 (IANS) A year after a militant Hindu group came into prominence by engineering a bomb attack on a church in Kathmandu valley that killed three women, another such group is on the rise, seeking to restore Hinduism as Nepal’s state religion, claims a prominent doctor who was a kidnap victim.

For more than a fortnight, Bhaktaman Shrestha, executive director at the B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Nepal’s southern Chitwan district, had grabbed headlines in Nepal after he disappeared last month while returning home from hospital.

The disappearance fuelled nationwide protests by the medical fraternity; and the government as well as the opposition Maoist party formed two separate probe panels to unravel the mystery.

Last week, the missing doctor’s car and briefcase were found in two different locations, giving rise to fears about his safety.

Then miraculously, the doctor, a Maoist sympathiser, reappeared Saturday, claiming he was abducted by a Hindu party that sought to make its presence felt through his abduction.

According to Shrestha, he was kidnapped by the Nepal Hindu Janata Party, a new outfit that has branches in 18 of Nepal’s 75 districts and an army of over 4,000.

It is seeking to re-establish Hinduism as Nepal’s state religion four years after parliament declared the world’s only Hindu kingdom secular.

A haggard and unkempt looking Shrestha, who wept publicly, also told the media he was kidnapped at gunpoint and kept blindfolded throughout his 18-day captivity though his captors treated him well and even provided him medicine for his migraine.

The claim about a Hindu militant group comes a year after an underground organisation, the Nepal Defence Army (NDA), caused a bomb to go off at the oldest Catholic church in Kathmandu valley, followed by threats to Christians and Muslims to leave Nepal or face dire consequences.

However, since the arrest of the NDA mastermind, Ram Prasad Mainali, as well as the woman who police say hid the bomb in the church, the attacks on religious minorities have stopped.

A parliamentary party, the Rastriya Prajatantra Party (Nepal) and Hindu groups like Shiv Sena Nepal and Vishwa Hindu Mahasangh have been seeking the restoration of Hinduism as the state religion but none have advocated violence so far.

RPP-Nepal is seeking a referendum and conducting campaigns to muster support for a Hindu monarchy.

The released doctor’s claim about a new militant Hindu party has been greeted with heavy scepticism by the media.

On Sunday, the mainstream dailies accused the doctor of being part of a cover-up exercise to steer away suspicion from the real culprits.

A national daily as well as Nepal’s Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal blame the Maoists for the abduction though the former guerrillas have been denying any involvement in the disappearance.

However, in the past, the Maoists abducted and thrashed to death a businessman who was said to be close to them, long after they had signed a peace agreement and pledged to renounce violence.

PCAPA members ransack houses in Jhargram

Kolkata, June 6 (IANS) Suspected members of a pro-Maoist tribal organisation early Sunday ransacked a few houses near Jhargram town in West Midnapore district of West Bengal and fired shots in the air, police said.

Superintendent of Police Praveen Tripathi said that members of the People’s Committee Against Police Atrocities (PCAPA) were behind the incident that occurred three km from Jhargram.

‘PCAPA members ransacked some houses. We have unconfirmed reports that a few shots have been fired as we have recovered used cartridges from the spot,’ Tripathi said.

The PCAPA is considered a frontal organisation of the Maoists. Their posters were also recovered from the site of the accident of the Howrah-Kurla Gyaneshwari Express in which at least 150 people were killed and over 200 injured.

Jhargram is 155 km from Kolkata.

BJP slams Mamata, CPM for spat, seeks PM intervention

Taking a strong exception to the political war of words between the Trinamool Congress and CPM over the Jnaneswari Express disaster, the Opposition BJP on Sunday came down heavily on Railways Minister and Trinamool chief Mamata Banerjee and sought Prime Minister’s intervention in the matter.

The BJP criticised the slug fest between Trinamool and CPM to score political brownie points with West Bengal elections in mind.

“Both Trinamool Congress’s Railway Minister Mamata Banerjee and CPM, which is heading the state government, have failed in providing quick relief to the train disaster victims. Both of them are engaged in a political match over the issue with an eye on the Assembly elections in the state,” BJP spokesperson Prakash Javdekar said, adding, “We condemn the carelessness towards the relief and rescue work that is being seen there even after 72 hours after the incident.”

Javdekar came down particularly against the Railways Minister for jumping to conclusions in an apparent attempt the counter the Left charge against her. “The Railway Minister has forgotten Railway security and appears more inclined to give a clean chit to Maoists, which is highly irresponsible. When the probe is yet to happen, how could she come to know that there is no Maoist hand into the incident,” he said. “If UPA ministers work like this, it will be a betrayal of the mandate. This will only embolden Maoists. Prime Minister should see that this does not happen.”

Mystery over track, CM okay with CBI probe

West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee has verbally conveyed to the Centre his approval for a CBI inquiry into the Jnaneswari Express carnage after no explosives were discovered at the site of the mishap. Investigations are needed to ascertain how a nearly foot-long chunk of the rail track was cut by suspected Maoists in a matter of 27 minutes.

Government sources told The Indian Express that while police and security agencies have been asked to trace the vital missing rail track, the Research Design Standards Organisation (RDSO) of Indian Railways has been handed over a portion of the remaining rail track to find out how it was cut by suspected Maoists.

While Railway Minister Mamata Banerjee has called the entire incident a “political conspiracy” before the state civic polls, the Centre is also intrigued by intercepts received from the Maoist communication network. These indicate that Maoist leaders initially wanted to take responsibility for the attack after they heard of a goods train being targeted at Sardiha. However, they decided to deny any hand after they heard that the attack was on the Jnaneswari Express and scores of innocents lives had been lost.

Contrary to reports, the Central agencies have not found evidence of any explosives or gas cutters and are trying to determine how a portion made of toughened steel was removed in just 27 minutes — the time between passage of the last train (12.43 am) on the track and the collision between the derailed Jnaneswari Express (1.10 am) and the goods train. According to top government officials, a total of five trains passed on that track an hour before the incident.

One possibility being explored is the use of a chemical to systematically corrode the track.

The Home Ministry is expected to formally write to the state government on Monday for the inquiry. The Department of Personnel and Training will be asked to issue the notification after a formal approval has been obtained.

‘We’re sorry… Target was goods train’

Hours before he was named as the prime suspect in the Jnaneswari train disaster, Bapi Mahato told The Indian

Express that he was “sorry” for what had happened, and that the targeting of the passenger train was a “mistake”.

Speaking to the Express inside the Romroma forests, 8 km from the accident site, after much persuasion, Mahato, a key leader of the PCAPA, said: “We are sorry. We never wanted these innocent civilians to die. Trust me, we targeted the goods train. But somehow, we were fed wrong information that the goods train would cross through this track and we removed pandrol clips from a long stretch. We did not want to harm civilians. There must have been some miscalculation.”

However, when the Express contacted him again after he had been named the “mastermind” of Thursday night’s carnage by Bengal DGP Bhupinder Singh and a manhunt launched for him, Mahato denied all role in the attack.

Speaking over the cellphone, he said: “We are being framed by the CPM and police. I investigated and came to know that our cadres were not involved in the sabotage. CPM goons, including Arjun Mahato and Lolit Sahoo of Pathuri and Kotushol, are the main persons behind the incident… Everybody knows that a CPM minister held a meeting in Barjudi Primary school just the night before the incident happened.”

However, based on intercepts of calls among Maoist activists, police and investigating agencies believe that the Jhargram CPI (Maoist) squad, including 12 cadres led by a 15-year-old boy named Kanu, and the local unit of the PCAPA (People’s Committee Against Police Atrocities) removed the pandrol clips and were helped by villagers. The calls also indicate that some gangmen of the Railways were “engaged” forcibly to remove the clips from both the Up and Down tracks. A senior CID official said they had zeroed in on three of the gangmen.

Raj Kanojia, ADG, CID, who visited the accident site today, said there was no evidence of a blast. “It was sabotage and it was done by Maoists. There is no doubt about it,” he said.

Call intercepts also reveal that a quarrel has broken out between senior leaders over the attack. “One group is blaming another… A blame game has started within the CPI (Maoist) and the PCAPA,” a senior police official said.

Bapi Mahato leads the PCAPA in the Guimara-Lalgeria panchayat area under Jhargram, controlling a vast area covering over 20 villages and railway stations like Khemashuli, Sardiha, Banstala and Jhargram.

Express reporters could enter villages around the accident site only with his sanction. The road leading to Romroma forests and the villages surrounding it were blocked with felled trees. Initially, Mahato was reluctant to surface from his forest hideout and sent emissaries. He said he wasn’t feeling well and hadn’t slept properly because of raids by security forces. It was on persistent request that he agreed to meet.

While regretting the civilian deaths at the meeting with Express, Mahato justified the Maoist anger. “Whatever we do, we do with the sanction of local villagers. Our villagers are being tortured mercilessly by security forces and in the wee hours of Thursday, several teams of security forces came along with ‘Harmads’ (armed goons backed by the CPM) into villages and picked up people indiscriminately. So they were seething with anger… you would understand,” he said.

Asked about his links with Maoists, Mahato evaded a straight answer. “We stay out of our homes for fear of security forces, and to stay in the jungles you need arms. There are animals, elephants and one has to have something to defend himself. The moment we pick up arms, we are branded Maoists,” he defended.

He was more keen to discuss issues concerning the villagers. He showed an irrigation canal which, he said, could bring smiles to 16 villages if maintained properly. “Just Rs 4 lakh is needed from the government to repair the 32 gates. But those are lying in the same condition since 1971,” said Mahato.

With the police on the hunt for him, the PCAPA leader said over the phone that he wasn’t worried. “Nobody can prove my involvement. I am only concerned and tense about my high school results which will be out in a couple of days,” Mahato said. A student of Manikpara High School, this is his third attempt to pass high school.

Aged 25, he joined the PCAPA a year and a half ago and was assigned the task of leading the Anchal Committee after the CPI (Maoist) Central Committee expelled three leaders in the area for the October 2009 detainment of Rajdhani Express. The next month, at a meeting in Romroma forests, attended by senior leaders including Bikash, Mahato was made the leader of the PCAPA.

Mahato’s father Khudiram was reportedly arrested in 1994 when Bapi was just 10. “I wanted to grow up normally. But one day some miscreants hurled a bomb at a neighbour’s house. My father was unnecessarily picked up and jailed for several years.”

In 2008, Mahato said, he applied for a CRPF constable’s job. “I cleared, but I was asked to deposit a huge sum for the job. I did not have the money.”

Mood right, Mamata now hopes for results

Despite sporadic clashes between Trinamool Congress and CPM workers, the civic polls in West Bengal on Sunday were by and large peaceful with 65 per cent voter turnout. The election, which is being seen as a semi-final before the 2011 state Assembly polls, was held in 81 civic bodies and in the 141-ward Kolkata Municipal Corporation, involving 85 lakh voters.

All the three major players – Left, Trinamool and Congress – have a lot at stake in today’s polls. For Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, a good showing by the Left can be projected as their revival after the debacle in the Lok Sabha election.

For Mamata Banerjee, who has campaigned vigorously for the polls, the results are expected to give enough indications on whether she will ride to power in the Assembly polls due next May. An important factor is that the Trinamool has parted ways with the Congress for the civic polls and may choose to go it alone in the Assembly elections if the results are in its favour.

On Sunday evening, the Trinamool seemed at ease. Union Minister Mukul Roy, a close aide of Mamata, said, “Voting was by and large peaceful. In Jadavpur, we have asked for repolling in two wards where CPM cadres had resorted to violence.”

In Kolkata Municipal Corporation polls, the Congress, which had fielded its candidates in 115 of the 141 wards, seemed out of fight except in 20-25 seats in its strongholds in north and central Kolkata. Its offices

in many places wore a deserted look.

In ward numbers 100-113, which fall in Jadavpur, the Assembly constituency of Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, the CPM and Trinamool were in a direct fight.

There was speculation that the Maoist carnage on railway track might have an impact on the civic election. But TMC leader Partho Chatterjee said: “The incident will go against the ruling party.”

CPM leader Shyamal Chakraborty was not sure about their prospect. “We should not compare the poll results of previous elections,” he said.

At Hatibagan, Kolkata, where Trinamool Congress strongman Atin Ghosh was contesting, Congress offices were almost empty. In North Kolkata’s Beleghata Shanti Sangha School stood the lone umbrella bearing the Congress hand symbol, but none of the supporters were there.

Traditionally, wards 1 to 47 have been the support bases for the CPM and the Congress. But since former state Congress president Somen Mitra left the party and joined the TMC, prospects of the Congress have gone down.

The wards 48 to 97 and 114 to 137 are dominated by Trinamool because most of the wards fall under Mamata’s Lok Sabha constituency.

Trinamool is already in an advantageous position in Salt Lake. This is because out of the 25 seats in the municipalities, the Congress had fielded candidates in only 14 seats, leaving 11 for direct fight between the TMC and the CPM.

CPM sources said that a section of Congress voters did not turn up for voting, which might prove to be an advantage for Mamata.

In Congress stronghold of Murshidabad there was 85 per cent polling in the six municipalities. The Congress is expected to do well here.

Maoist hand suspected in train disaster: Chidambaram

New Delhi, May 31 (IANS) Home Minister P. Chidambaram Monday said the Communist Party of India-Maoist was being suspected for the sabotage that caused the train accident in Jhargram in West Bengal Friday in which at least 150 passengers were killed.

‘The needle of suspicion points to the CPI-Maoist or its front organisation. The identity of the culprits can be established only after the investigation is over,’ Chidambaram told reporters here.

The home minister’s remark is contrary to what Railway Minister Mamata Banerjee has alleged – that her political rivals had conspired to cause the accident ahead of Sunday’s civic polls in West Bengal.

The Trinamool Congress chief has demanded a Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) probe into the ‘political conspiracy’ behind the accident.

Chidambaram said the railway ministry had sought a CBI probe and the home ministry was awaiting a response from the the state government over it.

‘The ministry of railways has suggested a CBI inquiry. We have asked the West Bengal government’s views. We have not received their views,’ the home minister said.

The home minister also contradicted Banerjee, who had said that explosives were used to damage the railway track that led to derailment of the Mumbai-bound Gyaneshwari Express early Friday. The engine and 13 coaches of the train derailed. Five coaches rolled on to a parallel track and were hit by a freight train in the Maoist stronghold in West Midnapore district.

‘There is no trace of explosives,’ Chidambaram said.

‘The West Bengal government has on record said that there were no traces of explosives. Prima facie it appears that the tracks were cut and the pandrol clips removed,’ Chidambaram said.

Maoists to use 19 tonnes explosives before 2010 expiry, warns expert

Raipur, May 31 (IANS) The country should be prepared for more deadly blasts by Maoists as the guerrillas are planning to use some 19 tonnes of explosives before they expire by the end of this year, a senior de-mining expert of the Chhattisgarh Police claimed Monday.

In February 2006, Maoists had stormed into an explosives depot of public enterprise NMDC Ltd. at Bailadila hills in Dantewada district and walked away with 20 tonnes of high-powered explosives after killing eight Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) personnel, guarding the stock meant to blast rocks for mining iron ore.

‘We have definite information that guerrillas have used nearly one tonne of the NMDC explosives loot so far and they are in a hurry to use the remaining 19 tonnes before they expire by the fag end of 2010,’ the expert told IANS requesting anonymity.

The officer advised that policemen and paramilitary troopers deployed in the Maoist strongholds in states hit-by leftist insurgency must carry sufficient number of de-mining experts as well as sniffer dogs while going on combing operations, particularly in jungles and hilly stretches.

A de-mining expert clears the stretches of landmines.

The officer, who is based in Chhattisgarh’s Bastar region — the nerve-centre of Maoist militancy, claimed that NMDC explosives were used by Maoists for all major attacks in recent months, including the attack by rebels April 6 in Dantewada district in which 76 security personnel were killed.

Winning hearts in Kanker to beat back Maoists

New Delhi/Raipur, May 31 (IANS) Maoists hold sway over parts of eastern and central India, but Kanker – once a stronghold of the rebels in Chhattisgarh’s Bastar region – is a success story of how civil administration can be restored and years of neglect done away with.

After living without basic amenities for years, villagers today have access to a dispensary, foodgrain shops, public transport, a river bridge and weekly markets.

Home Secretary G.K. Pillai says the Border Security Force (BSF) has been successful in reclaiming these villages from Maoist dominance and ‘development works are slowly picking up’.

‘This is a small achievement, I know, but the beginning has been great as far as a long-term solution to tackling Maoist insurgency and winning back the confidence of tribal people goes,’ Pillai told IANS.

For the authorities fighting to reclaim large swathes of tribal area from Maoists, these are ‘positive indicators’.

Residents of Kodapakha village earlier had to travel 15 km for subsidised rice and rations because the shop was in Durgukondal tehsil. And the Maoists wouldn’t allow one to be opened in the hamlet. But not any more.

‘The PDS (public distribution system) shop of Kodapakha village which was functioning about 15 km away has now been operating in the village itself since Feb 17,’ says a letter from Raman Srivastava, BSF director general, to Home Secretary Pillai.

Five battalions of the BSF have been deployed in Kanker since November 2009 at 27 locations of the district, which has a population of around 700,000 people.

The BSF has been conducting anti-Maoist operations and has been successful to a large extent in weeding out the rebels and making way for the civil administration, the document says.

Villages like Kodapakha, Antagarh, Kolibeda and Jadekurse where Maoists once used to run a parallel government, like they still do in large parts of Bastar, have completely slipped away from rebel control.

Another PDS shop in a nearby village that was blown up in 2004 by the Maoists has become operational since March this year.

The document says medical care is also within the reach of Kodapakha villagers. Before a dispensary was established there, people in need of medical assistance would have to walk 15 km to Durgukondal. But the dispensary sanctioned years ago has become operational since Feb 14.

Public transport that had been off the roads of Kanker for years is slowly being restored ‘with the presence of the BSF’, the letter claims.

‘Four buses, seven jeeps are plying from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m.’ connecting Bhanupartappur, Kolibeda, Antagarh and Udanpur villages, it says. And to ensure security for the passenger, BSF troopers travel with them.

A weekly market at Irikbuta village was suspended in 2004 due to the fear of Maoists. But it has now ‘commenced again on a regular basis since March’, says the letter.

Construction of the Kotan bridge sanctioned in 2003 has been under way since April 6 and is expected to be finished by the end of this year.

A tribal girls hostel in Kanker, which was disallowed by the Maoists, ‘has been completed in all respects after the induction of BSF in the area’, the letter says.

(Sarwar Kashani can be contacted at s.kashani@ians.in)

Tough road ahead for Nepal

Kathmandu, May 29 — Nepal heaved a sigh of relief at 1:25 am on Saturday when the country’s leaders temporarily buried their differences and amended the interim constitution to give a one year breather to the constituent assembly. The extension prevented a constitutional crisis and gave lawmakers 12 more months to prepare the new constitution.

But the road ahead for the Himalayan nation is tough and fraught with problems. Formation of the next government as part of the deal reached on Friday night would be the biggest bone of contention among parties.

There is also doubt on when Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal will resign. Sources say that he will leave his post within five days.

Once that happens there would be hectic lobbying over the next few weeks both within the major parties and among them to grab the prime minister’s post. “As the biggest party, Maoists would want to head the government.

But since UCPN (Maoist) chief Pushpa Kamal Dahal ‘Prachanda’ is not acceptable to most parties, his deputy Baburam Bhattarai could get the post,” said political commentator Prashant Jha. Nepali Congress too wants to head the next government and Ram Chandra Poudel and Sher Bahadur Deuba are the front-runners from this camp.

Chairman of CPN (UML) Jhalanath Khanal is also in the reckoning. Once the government is formed, parties would have to get busy with the task of constitution drafting and completing the peace process that started in 2006 at the end of the civil war.

This too won’t be a cakewalk. Integration of nearly 15,000 former rebels into security forces, return of property seized by Maoists and restructuring the para-military structure of the Maoist youth wing would pose problems.

“The peace process must come to an end within the next month or two if we are to have a credible democratic constitution in the truest sense,” said eminent journalist Kanakmani Dixit. Serious differences among the major parties on federalism, restructuring of the country into states, type of government and judiciary can take several months to get addressed.

“These are big problems and if the parties don’t show willingness to address them earnestly, the constitution may not get drafted in the extended period,” said Jha adding that the country can’t afford more delay. Political analysts say that India was “deeply involved” in what transpired on Friday night, but Nepal’s southern neighbour kept its options open.

“India didn’t want extension of the CA tenure as it would give legitimacy to the Maoists. But it was willing to go along with the general mood on extending the tenure,” Jha said.

Nepal’s leaders battle to avert political crisis

Kathmandu, May 29 — Nepal continued to wait with baited breath as ruling parties and opposition Maoists remained deadlocked on extending the Constituent Assembly’s tenure to enable drafting of the new constitution. The CA tenure ends on Friday midnight.

And if it doesn’t get extended within that deadline the country will plunge into constitutional and political crisis. Hectic parleys and last minute lobbying continued since morning to find a way out of the impending crisis but both the ruling parties and the opposition Maoists refused to budge from their stands.

Maoists refused to support the motion to extend the CA tenure till Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal was removed and the ruling parties refused to accede to such pre-conditions. Maoist leadership issued a whip to its members asking them to vote against the motion if their demand was not met.

“We will prefer to stay outside than bow down,” said Maoist spokesperson Dinanath Sharma. Support of Maoists who have 40 percent representation in CA is crucial as a two-third majority vote is needed to amend the interim constitution and extend its tenure to speed up constitution drafting.

“If it doesn’t happen CA ceases to exist from Friday midnight and the government becomes non-functional. An interim government is likely to take over till the next election,” said CA Chairman Subhash Nemwang.

House term extended, Nepal PM to quit soon

In a day dominated by hectic discussions, the Constituent Assembly (CA) extended its own tenure by a year.

The Unified Communist Party of Nepal-Maoits (UCPN-M) supported the government’s proposal for a year’s extension after Prime Minister Madhav Nepal declared that he would quit as soon as possible to pave the way for a national unity government. However, he made it clear that Maoists must honour their commitment to return property confiscated during the years of insurgency to rightful owners, and transform Young Communist League into a civilian structure.

The proposal for extension of the House tenure was approved with a overwhelming majority after chiefs of three major political parties — The UCPN-M, Nepali Congress and the Communist Party of Nepal-Unified Marxist Leninist (CPN-UML) — endorsed an agreement extending the deadline of the CA.

The Rastriya Prajatantra Party-Nepal (RPP-N), with four members in the House was the only dissenting party. Its leader C B Gurung said the House has lost its mandate, and “we have failed to deliver Constiutution within the stipulated time. The only course left is to go for a fresh poll.”

The House assembled at 11. 42 pm exactly 18 minutes before the House was to cease to exist. Maoist leader Prachanda had specified that his party would only support the Bill for the extension of the CA’s term if the Prime Minister resigned. However, Baburam Bhattarai, deputy leader of the UCPN-M managed to rally his party members to support the Bill even after the party chief whip had issued directive for members to oppose the Bill.

Prime Minister Madhav Nepal, when he called on the President around 9 pm, asserted that he was not going to resign under pressure from the Maoists, but added that he would not come in the way of the formation of a national unity governmnt. Within an hour, however, he changed his mind under pressure from his own party heavy weights including Party chief Jhalnath Khanal who asked him to quit or pave the way for the return of a “dictatorial regime”.

The extension of the House has triggered sharp response from the legal community which says it is uncontitutional. “How can the tenure be extended by the CA itself,” said lawyer Sambhu Thapa. Television channels have said that from the time of the creation of the Constituent Assembly to the preparation of a partial draft of the Constitution, a whopping Rs 13. 5 billion has been spent.

Nepal averts crisis but chaos remains

Kathmandu, May 29 (IANS) Though the nascent republic of Nepal managed to stave off an unprecedented constitutional crisis by a hair’s breadth Friday midnight, public anger and confusion still remained, turning the celebration of Republic Day Saturday into a travesty.

The interim parliament, which has also been mandated to write a new constitution, was saved from the jaws of death at midnight after the opposition Maoist party agreed to bail out the government and supported its bid to give the house a new lease of life.

Now, Nepal’s 601 lawmakers have been given a second chance to complete the new constitution by May 27, 2011.

However, going by the past performance of the house, which was repeatedly held hostage by the major parties as they squabbled for power, it is doubtful if it would be able to draft the new constitution within the extended deadline.

‘Following my party’s diktat I voted to prolong the interim parliament,’ said Anil Kumar Jha, an MP from the Sadbhavana Party, a minor partner in the ruling coalition. ‘However, I do not think a new constitution will be ready in one year.’

Earlier, the chief of the main opposition party had expressed the same doubt.

‘The ruling parties do not want a new constitution,’ former revolutionary and chief of the Maoist party Pushpa Kamal Dahal Prachanda had said at a public meeting in Kathmandu.

‘They will not be able to write a new constitution even if they are given four more years to do so.’

The Maoists, the most fierce opponents of extending the term of parliament, however capitulated near midnight Friday, minutes before the house was going to expire, and supported the government bid to extend its life by a year.

Once the Maoists threw their weight behind the government, 580 of the 585 MPs present at the late-night session of the house voted for the motion.

Only an individual MP from the southern Terai plains, once regarded as a wanted bandit, and four members of Nepal’s only openly royalist party in parliament opposed the bid ineffectually.

Now as a reciprocal gesture, embattled Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal is expected to step down, though it is not clear when.

The Maoists Saturday claimed Nepal would quit in five days’ time to make way for a new government that would also have their participation.

However, the transition may not be so smooth. Even on Friday, hours before the midnight deadline, Nepal had refused to quit, saying that he was supported by 22 of the 25 parties in parliament.

Friday’s midnight drama has tarnished the images of the top three leaders of the three largest parties with the public condemning them for frittering away the sacrifices made by people, time and money from the state exchequer to promote petty party and personal interests.

There is also doubt about the clandestine last-minute understanding forged between the ruling parties and the Maoists.

One of the MPs, Sarita Giri, commented on that in the house Friday. Giri said there was no transparency about the deal. She also said the parties had the responsibility of informing the people why they could not write the new constitution by May 28, 2010 but had not done so.

Nepal PM offers to resign to avert political crisis

Kathmandu, May 29(ANI): In a bid to end the political crisis over the formation of a constituent assembly, Nepal Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal has offered to resign.

Madhav Kumar said that he would step down in a last-minute bid to secure the support of Maoist lawmakers for a bill to extend parliament”s term, which was due to end Friday and leave the country without a functioning legislature.

Nepal”s Parliament has passed the eight Amendment Bill of the Interim Constitution of Nepal, which will extend the Constituent Assembly”s (CA) term by a year.

Out of the 585 lawmakers who attended the meeting, 580 voted for the Amendment Bill, while five voted against.

The opposition Maoist party won elections in 2008 and took power for nine months, abolishing Nepal”s 240-year-old Hindu monarchy and turning the country into a secular republic. (ANI)

Nepal averts crisis by hair’s breadth

Kathmandu, May 29 (IANS) The nascent republic of Nepal averted an unprecedented constitutional crisis by a hair’s breadth Friday midnight after the opposition Maoist party agreed to bail the coalition government out and extend the term of the interim parliament by a year.

In return, embattled Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal is expected to step down, though it was not immediately clear when.

Only 17 minutes before midnight, Nepal’s endangered parliament, that was to have convened at 8 a.m., sat to decide the fate of the country.

After nearly 15 hours of last-minute negotiations, the opposition Maoist party decided to withdraw its objection to the government’s proposal to extend the term of interim parliament and the proposal was passed unanimously.

AS per a peace agreement, Nepal was to have promulgated a new constitution by Friday midnight. However, the statute could not be unveiled due to protracted disputes between the ruling parties and the Maoists for over a year.

The impasse triggered fears that in the absence of a new constitution, parliament would be dissolved automatically at Friday midnight along with the government, unleashing an unprecedented crisis and vacuum.

But now, the house has been given a new lease of life for a year. The new constitution will have to be tabled within that.

U.S. citizen Berenson freed from prison in Peru

U.S. citizen Lori Berenson was freed from prison in Peru on Thursday after serving 15 years of a 20-year sentence for collaborating with a Marxist guerrilla group during the country’s civil war.

A native New Yorker who studied at the elite Massachusetts Institute of Technology, she had been in jail since being arrested on a bus in Peru in 1995 on charges of belonging to the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement, or MRTA.

Her release provoked controversy in a country still traumatized by a conflict that killed some 70,000 people. The MRTA was active in the 1980s and ’90s when a larger insurgency, the Maoist Shining Path, also tried to topple the government.

Berenson, 40, was rushed into a waiting car outside a Lima prison and did not speak to a throng of reporters.

Her father, Mark Berenson, carried his infant grandson Salvador, who had been living in prison with Lori.

“I’m just happy that Lori and Salvador will be free and that justice has been served in Peru,” he said.

A military tribunal convicted Berenson in 1996 of belonging to a terrorist organization and sentenced her to life in prison, a verdict that was later overturned amid pressure from the United States and human rights groups.

At a second trial in civilian court, she was convicted of collaborating with the MRTA and given the 20-year sentence. Her family maintained she was a social activist who was wrongfully convicted and who never took up arms during a period of intense social unrest.

On Tuesday, court officials granted her parole, nearly one year after she gave birth to her son.

Her husband, Anibal Apari Sanchez, a former MRTA member who is a lawyer, represented her at the hearing. They married in 2003. Inmates in Peru are allowed conjugal visits, though the couple is no longer romantically involved.

NEIGHBOURS COMPLAIN

Under the terms of her parole, Berenson will be required to check in with authorities once a month over the next five years and refrain from drinking alcohol.

Berenson will work in Lima as a translator while pursuing a dream of opening a bakery, unless officials decide to commute the rest of her sentence and deport her.

Neighbors in the wealthy Miraflores district where Berenson has rented an apartment complained loudly. “Terrorist get out!” neighbors yelled in front of the building where she plans to live. Two people who live there shouted insults at Berenson’s parents.

Although Peru’s President, Alan Garcia, said on Wednesday he respected the judge’s decision, the country’s vice president, Luis Giampietri, later called it “unfortunate.”

Berenson was arrested by the government of former President Alberto Fujimori, who led a tough counterinsurgency and is now in jail on human rights crimes stemming from two massacres he ordered a death squad to carry out.

At the time of her arrest, Berenson was with the wife of Nestor Cerpa, who in 1996 led a group of MRTA rebels that took hundreds of diplomats and government officials hostage at the Japanese ambassador’s house in Lima.

The crisis dragged on for months until then-president Fujimori sent in commandos who dug tunnels underneath the house. They killed a dozen insurgents in a surprise raid.

Fujimori’s daughter, Keiko Fujimori, a popular conservative lawmaker who is a front-runner in next year’s presidential race, called Berenson’s parole worrisome.

Ollanta Humala, a left-wing ultranationalist who plans to run for president in 2011 after nearly winning the 2006 vote, also criticized Berenson’s release, though about 500 people convicted of terrorism have been freed from jail in recent years.

(Reporting by Enrique Castro-Mendivil and Pilar Olivares; writing by Terry Wade and Eduardo Garcia; Editing by Paul Simao and Philip Barbara)