Canada’s Flaherty reiterates balanced budget plan

CHARLOTTETOWN, Prince Edward Island, June 13 (Reuters) – Canadian Finance Minister Jim Flaherty reiterated on Sunday he expects to eliminate the country’s deficit without cutting payments to lower levels of government.

Canada has the strongest finances among the Group of Seven industrialized countries and Flaherty forecast in March that the budget would be in surplus by 2015-16, provided all went according to plan. [ID:nN04184327]

Canada’s independent budget officer has disagreed and said the government may need to do more to balance the books, including expanding spending cuts. [ID:nN11223706]

“Our balanced budget goal will be met without reducing federal transfers to provinces and territories or transfers to individuals,” Flaherty told reporters, reiterating a pledge he first made last year.

He spoke ahead of a meeting with his provincial counterparts that is also expected to address the issue of pension reform.

Flaherty plans to press provincial finance ministers to support his plan for a “modest, phased-in and fully funded” expansion of benefits under the public pension plan, as well as ideas to promote increased private savings. [ID:nN11143528] (Writing by Jeffrey Hodgson; Editing by Marguerita Choy)

UPDATE 1-World Bank-Double-dip recession can’t be ruled out

WASHINGTON, June 9 (Reuters) – The World Bank on Wednesday said a double-dip recession could not be ruled out in some countries if investors lose faith in efforts in Europe and elsewhere to tackle rising debt levels.

The World Bank’s Global Economic Prospects 2010 report said slower growth in developed economies would deprive developing countries of healthy markets for their goods and would cut into investment.

For the moment, worries that Greece’s fiscal woes could spread to other highly-indebted countries, such as Spain and Portugal, has not affected growth in developing countries, the World Bank said.

“If markets lose confidence in the credibility of efforts to put policy on a sustainable path, global growth could be significantly impaired and a double-dip recession could not be excluded,” the report said.

U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke, in testimony to lawmakers on Wednesday, said a double-dip recession in the United States could never entirely be ruled out. The Fed has forecast U.S. growth this year of 3 percent to 4 percent.

The World Bank called for “significant” fiscal consolidation in advanced economies, adding that simulations conducted by the bank showed that the quicker it happened, the better it would be for developing economies.

The bank also said industrialized countries should seize the opportunities offered by stronger growth in developing countries to boost economic activity.

Still, the report warned that a prolonged period of rising sovereign debt could make credit more expensive and curtail investment and growth in emerging markets.

It said current data suggests that through the end of March the global economic recovery remained robust in most countries, with the exception of Western European nations where it had stagnated.

Euro zone countries have committed to austerity measures to bring their public finances under control, and unveiled a $1 trillion plan to stop the crisis from spreading with the help of the International Monetary Fund.

“The acute phase of the crisis is over and we’re now going into a longer term challenge of returning fiscal policy in high-income countries back to a sustainable level,” said World Bank economist Andrew Burns.

“How successful we are in doing that is going to have an important impact in developing countries and in developed countries,” he added.

The World Bank forecast that developing economies would expand at between 5.7 percent and 6.2 percent each year from 2010 to 2012 — more than twice the growth rate of advanced economies. This is substantially higher than last year’s 1.7 percent.

But should the crisis in Europe worsen and spread, the World Bank said the pace of growth in developing countries would slow to 6.1 percent this year and 5.7 percent in 2011,

Advanced economies are projected to expand by between 2.1 and 2.3 percent in 2010 — not enough to undo the 3.3 percent contraction they experienced last year — followed by growth of between 1.9 and 2.4 percent in 2011.

Meanwhile, global growth is likely to expand by 3.3 percent in 2010 and 2011, rising somewhat after that to 3.5 percent in 2010, the bank said.

The World Bank said it was concerned that aid flows to the world’s poorest countries would fall sharply amid belt-tightening in donor nations. Burns said based on previous crises in developed countries aid flows are likely to fall by between 20 to 25 percent.

“That would clearly be a very serious situation for low income countries,” Burns said. “It is not our expectation that we will see that sharp a decline, but it is an indicator of the risk that is there.”

Aid can represent as much as 20 percent of government spending in some developing countries, he noted.

World Bank-Double-dip recession can’t be ruled out

WASHINGTON, June 9 (Reuters) – The World Bank on Wednesday said a double-dip recession could not be ruled out in some countries if investors lose faith in efforts in Europe and elsewhere to tackle rising debt levels.

The World Bank’s Global Economic Prospects 2010 report said slower growth in developed economies would deprive developing countries of healthy markets for their goods and would cut into investment.

For the moment, worries that Greece’s fiscal woes could spread to other highly-indebted countries, such as Spain and Portugal, has not affected growth in developing countries, the World Bank said.

“If markets lose confidence in the credibility of efforts to put policy on a sustainable path, global growth could be significantly impaired and a double-dip recession could not be excluded,” the report said.

U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke, in testimony to lawmakers on Wednesday, said a double-dip recession in the United States could never entirely be ruled out. The Fed has forecast U.S. growth this year of 3 percent to 4 percent.

The World Bank called for “significant” fiscal consolidation in advanced economies, adding that simulations conducted by the bank showed that the quicker it happened, the better it would be for developing economies.

The bank also said industrialized countries should seize the opportunities offered by stronger growth in developing countries to boost economic activity.

Still, the report warned that a prolonged period of rising sovereign debt could make credit more expensive and curtail investment and growth in emerging markets.

It said current data suggests that through the end of March the global economic recovery remained robust in most countries, with the exception of Western European nations where it had stagnated.

Euro zone countries have committed to austerity measures to bring their public finances under control, and unveiled a $1 trillion plan to stop the crisis from spreading with the help of the International Monetary Fund.

“The acute phase of the crisis is over and we’re now going into a longer term challenge of returning fiscal policy in high-income countries back to a sustainable level,” said World Bank economist Andrew Burns.

“How successful we are in doing that is going to have an important impact in developing countries and in developed countries,” he added.

The World Bank forecast that developing economies would expand at between 5.7 percent and 6.2 percent each year from 2010 to 2012 — more than twice the growth rate of advanced economies. This is substantially higher than last year’s 1.7 percent.

But should the crisis in Europe worsen and spread, the World Bank said the pace of growth in developing countries would slow to 6.1 percent this year and 5.7 percent in 2011,

Advanced economies are projected to expand by between 2.1 and 2.3 percent in 2010 — not enough to undo the 3.3 percent contraction they experienced last year — followed by growth of between 1.9 and 2.4 percent in 2011.

Meanwhile, global growth is likely to expand by 3.3 percent in 2010 and 2011, rising somewhat after that to 3.5 percent in 2010, the bank said.

The World Bank said it was concerned that aid flows to the world’s poorest countries would fall sharply amid belt-tightening in donor nations. Burns said based on previous crises in developed countries aid flows are likely to fall by between 20 to 25 percent.

“That would clearly be a very serious situation for low income countries,” Burns said. “It is not our expectation that we will see that sharp a decline, but it is an indicator of the risk that is there.”

Aid can represent as much as 20 percent of government spending in some developing countries, he noted.

Clinton says China playing role in Iran debate

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, launching a G8 foreign ministers summit on Monday, said the world could not accept a nuclear-armed Iran and that China would be involved in considering new sanctions proposals.

Speaking at a meeting expected to focus on Iran, Clinton played down fears that China was out of step with the other permanent members of the U.N. Security Council on the question of imposing a fourth round of sanctions against Tehran.

“In fact, China is part of the consultative group that has been unified all along the way, which has made it very clear that a nuclear-armed Iran is not acceptable to the international community,” Clinton told CTV in an interview.

“I think, as the weeks go forward and we begin the hard work of trying to come up with a Security Council resolution, China will be involved. They will be making their suggestions,” she said.

“As in any effort, we’re going to have to try to come to some consensus and we’re in the middle of that process.”

Clinton’s comments, at the start of a meeting of the foreign ministers of the the Group of Eight industrialized countries — United States, Canada, Britain, France, Japan, Germany, Italy and Russia — were the latest optimistic note from Washington that it was winning China over to the idea of new sanctions on Iran.

The White House issued a brief statement late on Mondaysaying President Barack Obama had met with the new Chinese envoy to Washington and told him the United States wanted to develop a positive relationship with Beijing.

“The president also stressed the need for the United States and China to work together and with the international community on critical global issues including nonproliferation and pursuing sustained and balanced global growth,” the statement said.

The three Western members of the Security Council — the United States, France and Britain — along with Germany have been pushing hard for a new round of sanctions against Iran over its nuclear program, which they fear is a cover for producing atomic weapons.

Russia has been less enthusiastic but has recently signaled it may come on board with the plan.

But China, which has close economic links to Iran, has repeatedly said that the world needs more time to find a diplomatic solution to the standoff over the Iranian nuclear program, which Tehran insists is purely for peaceful purposes.

Despite this, a Chinese official last week took part in a conference call with other powers to discuss a U.S. proposal on sanctions, Beijing’s first step in months to engage in serious discussions on the issue.

While the group did not agree on a specific proposal, another conference call is expected in the coming days as diplomats try to close the gaps and agree on a sanctions plan acceptable to the Chinese, U.S. officials said.

“They have said now that they will engage on the elements of a resolution,” one senior U.S. official said.

Momentum for new sanctions has gathered steam since Tehran rejected an offer of a nuclear fuel swap deal that would have been brokered by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

U.S. Deputy Secretary of State James Steinberg, speaking to reporters in Washington, said the United States was increasingly encouraged by the signs coming from Beijing.

“On issues of concern to us, we have seen some progress,” Steinberg said.

“We’ve had a recognition by our Chinese counterparts of the danger of the Iranian nuclear program and the fact that there does not seem to be a willingness (by) the Iranians to take the very generous offer.”

MOSCOW ATTACKS CAST SHADOW

The G8 meeting was also expected to take up other issues including the impasse over North Korea’s nuclear program, nuclear non-proliferation, and the threat posed by extremist groups — underscored by Monday’s suicide suicide bomb attacks that killed 38 in Moscow metro stations.

The G8 ministers released a statement strongly condemning the “cowardly terrorist attacks on Moscow” and calling for those responsible to be brought to justice.

“They vowed that they would continue to thwart and constrain terrorists and to work for a world that is safe for all, based on the principles of democracy, and respect for the rule of law and for human rights,” the statement said.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov told the Interfax news agency that militants operating on the Afghan-Pakistan border may have helped organize the Moscow attacks, which saw two female bombers target metro stations during the morning rush hour.

Clinton, who earlier issued her own condemnation of the Moscow attack, told CTV that overall there was a connection between most of the terror attacks around the world.

“They get encouragement from each other, they exchange training, explosives, information,” Clinton said, while saying she did not know the details of the Moscow incident.

“I don’t think we want to go so far as to say they are all part of the same operation, but certainly there is a common theme to many of them,” she said.

(Additional reporting by David Ljunggren in Ottawa, Paul Eckert and Deborah Charles in Washington and Conor Humphries in Moscow)

HIV/STD on the rise among men who have sex with men in china

Washington, March 27 (ANI): HIV/STD disease is on a rise among ‘men who have sex with men’ (MSM) in Africa and Asia, according to a new study.

Three articles in the April issue of the Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, points at the fact that increasing HIV/STD disease is being reported in MSM with high risk behaviors in Africa and Asia.

In a particular article, Dr Yang and colleagues addressed the associated factors and increasing spread of HIV among MSM in Nanjing, China.

Using respondent-driven sampling methods, he reported an HIV incidence rate of 5.12 cases per 100 person years.

They stressed that in recent years, China has considered “MSM as a priority population for HIV prevention and control.”

However, an editorial by Dr. Mayer and his colleagues points out that MSM exists in all populations.

They stress that the simple compartmentalization of the HIV epidemic into one that affects MSM in industrialized countries and is a heterosexual epidemic in developing or less developed countries is not valid.

They document the high prevalence of HIV/STD in some MSM populations in Africa and Asia, and emphasize the need to act now to prevent the massive spread of disease. (ANI)

Greenpeace tells major emitters to move from words to deeds

New Delhi/Washington, Apr.28 (ANI): As senior diplomats and politicians from 17 biggest greenhouse gas emitting (1) countries assembled in Washington DC for the climate talks under the ‘Major Economies Forum’ (MEF), they couldn’t have missed a couple of Greenpeace climbers dangling below a huge banner bearing a picture of our beautiful blue planet and the words “Too big to fail”.

“Time is running out. This meeting is an opportunity to fast track discussions on avoiding catastrophic warming and inject some much needed urgency and cooperation into the ongoing UN climate talks, which are dragging on at a snail’s pace,” said Karen Sack, Greenpeace International Political Director.

“President Obama has said that the US is ready to lead on global warming. Now we need the President to move from words to deeds and engage leaders in Congress and the world’s governments to lead them toward climate solutions,” she added.

A peak in global emissions by 2015 followed by a rapid decline to as close to zero as possible by 2050 is crucial to protect the climate. The industrialised world must commit to deeper cuts in emissions and provide financial and technical assistance to developing countries to enable them to switch to clean energy, stop deforestation and adapt to those climate impacts that are now unavoidable. It is also becoming apparent that unless developing countries reduce their projected emissions growth by 15-30 percent by 2020, with support from industrialized countries, the planet is headed towards climate catastrophe.

India has a clear context for acting too if it wants to preserve the carbon space of the poor for development. While on one hand there is a rapidly growing rich consumer class in India making the country the 12th largest luxury market in the world, India also has more than 800 million poor people who are extremely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and the rich currently hide behind the negligible emissions of the poor.

“The per capita emission divide between the rich consumer classes and the poor is almost 4.5 times, which is approximately the same as the divide between Europe and India in per capita emissions. So India needs to implement “intra national” equity as well.” said Srinivas Krishnaswamy, Policy Advisor, Greenpeace. “Recent news reports about the Solar Mission, part of the Indian National Action Plan on Climate Change, do indicate ambitious targets. This clearly shows that India must stop treating climate action as a burden and begin to see it as an opportunity for green growth and inclusive development.” He added.

“Greenpeace is calling on the world leaders to take personal responsibility for guaranteeing a strong, legally binding and fair agreement at the UN Climate Summit in Copenhagen, in December. That means they must be there in person,” said Vinuta Gopal, Climate and Energy Manager, Greenpeace.

In March, Greenpeace India released its roadmap for slowing climate change, the Energy [R]evolution: A sustainable World Energy Outlook report. The report provides a practical blueprint for rapidly cutting energy-related CO2 emissions in order to help ensure that global greenhouse gas emissions peak no later then 2015 and rapidly decrease after that. This is achieved even while ensuring that India has access to the energy it needs to match its ambitious growth plans. (ANI)

Forests could become source of warming: report

NEW YORK (Reuters) – The world’s forests are at risk of becoming a source of planet-warming emissions instead of soaking them up like a sponge unless greenhouse gases are controlled, scientists said.

Deforestation emits 20 percent of the world’s carbon dioxide when people cut and burn trees, but standing forests soak up 25 percent of the emissions.

If the Earth heats up 2.5 degrees Celsius (4.5 degrees F) or more, evaporation from the additional heat would lead to severe droughts and heat waves that could kill wide swaths of trees in the tropics of Africa, southern Asia and South America. And emissions from the rotting trees would make forests a source of global warming.

“If temperatures are growing at the current pace definitely this would happen at the end of this century or before,” said Risto Seppala, chair of a report by the International Union of Forest Research Organizations, a nonprofit network of scientists.

The IUFRO will present the report to the U.N.’s Forum on Forests in New York next week.

Not all areas of the world would suffer immediately and pine forests in northern parts of the world could benefit at first.

“In the beginning it would mean some very positive consequences,” for boreal forests such as those found in Northern Europe and Canada, said Seppala by telephone from his home in Finland north of the Arctic Circle. He said timber and paper industries in the North could prosper as warmer weather pushes growth of spruce and other trees.

Even forests found in more temperate parts of the world, such as the United States and Western Europe, could grow faster at first.

“Those who live in industrialized countries in the Northern Hemisphere won’t suffer too much at first,” he said.

People in many developing countries with forests tend to rely more on forests for food, clean water and other basic needs.

But eventually tree pests and parasites that until now have not appeared much in forests in colder parts of the world are likely to spread north as temperatures warm, the report said.

An example of pests already moving to the North is the pine beetle, which has devastated large parts of forests in British Columbia over the past decade and has moved into the province of Alberta. The pest can be killed by periods of extreme cold, but the 2007-2008 winter did not kill off the insects in Alberta.

Much depends on exactly how much temperatures will warm. A Reuters poll earlier this month of scientists showed that global warming is like to overshoot a 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 F) rise above pre-industrial levels seen by many countries as the maximum to avoid the worst of rising sea levels, floods, droughts and heat waves. Temperatures have already risen 0.7 Celsius.

Steps can be taken to protect forests and help them adapt to warmer temperatures, such as sustainable harvesting, the IUFRO report said. Perhaps even more important is cutting global emissions of greenhouse gases, said Seppala.

(Editing by Christian Wiessner)

UN: Number of asylum seekers on the rise

Geneva – There was a 12 per cent rise in the number of asylum seekers in industrialized nations in 2008, the United Nations said Tuesday, in part due to the conflicts in Iraq, Afghanistan and Somalia.

In all, 383,000 new asylum requests were made in 51 industrialized countries last year, with about 40,000 coming from Iraqis, the largest group seeking refugee status.

Other top countries of origin were Somalia, Russia, Afghanistan and China. Of particular note was a rise of 85 per cent in the number of Afghan applications, an 82 per cent increase in requests from Zimbabwe and 77 per cent more Somalis sought asylum.

Nigeria and Sri Lanka, both areas that have seen unrest or conflict, also posted increases.

In terms of where the refugees wanted to go, the United States remained the main destination, accounting for 13 per cent of all applications in the industrialized world. The other main countries were Canada, France, Italy and Britain.

The United Nations Refugee Agency, UNHCR, noted though that relative to population the US was lagging behind, as it only had one asylum seeker per 1,000 residents, whereas in the European Union the average was 2.4 asylum seekers per the same number of inhabitants.

Sweden dropped from being the second largest recipient of new asylum seekers in 2007 to sixth last year, while Norway zoomed up from number 17 to 10th place. (dpa)

Positive emotions hold sway over physical health

Washington, Mar 4 (ANI): It’s not just lifestyle, human emotions too have a significant impact on an individual’s well being, says a new study.

Researchers from University of Kansas have found that positive emotions are critical for upkeep of physical health for people worldwide, especially for those who are deeply impoverished.

“We’ve known for a while now that emotions play a critical role in physical health,” said Sarah Pressman, assistant professor of psychology at KU and a Gallup senior research associate.

“But until recently, most of this research was conducted only in industrialized countries. So we couldn’t know whether feelings like happiness or sadness matter to the health of people who have more pressing concerns – like getting enough to eat or finding shelter. But now we do,” she added.

During the study, the researchers analysed the data from the Gallup World Poll involving more than 150,000 adults.

The participants reported their emotions and also answered questions about whether their most basic needs like food, shelter and personal safety were adequately met.

It showed that positive emotions such as happiness, enjoyment are unmistakably linked to better health, even when taking into account a lack of basic needs.

While negative emotions such as worry and sadness were a reliable predictor of worse health.

The association between emotion and physical health was more powerful than the connection between health and basic human physical requirements.

Even without shelter or food, positive emotions were shown to boost health.

The study was presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society in Chicago. (ANI)