American study analyses effects of testosterone on birds

Washington, May 14 (ANI): A new American research demonstrates the costs and benefits of testosterone in birds.

Individual male birds can differ dramatically in their behaviour, and this difference is often due in part to how much testosterone they produce.

In many species, some males produce high testosterone and are more aggressive, while others produce lower levels and are more parental.

Testosterone and the behaviours it mediates may predict how well a male succeeds.

For example, an aggressive male may be more likely to obtain high-quality territories that attract females.

At the same time, aggression might pose a survival risk, because aggressive males might be more likely to engage in costly fights.

These considerations suggest that hormones like testosterone might be under strong natural selection in the wild.

To test this idea, a team of researchers from Indiana University studied a common songbird, the dark-eyed junco in the Appalachian Mountains of Virginia.

They tested how much testosterone a male could produce by using an injection of a hormone produced in the brain that causes the bird to increase its testosterone levels temporarily, mimicking what they do naturally when fighting with other males.

The researchers then followed the birds, measuring their survival and success at reproduction, both in their own nest and those of their neighbours.

They found strong relationships between testosterone and both reproduction and survival, demonstrating that natural selection is currently acting on testosterone production in this population of juncos.

The exact pattern of selection they found was surprising, however.

Lead author Joel McGlothlin, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Virginia, said: “The males that did the best at both survival and reproduction had testosterone production very close to average.

“It was bad to produce either really high or really low levels of testosterone.”

High-testosterone males did have one universal advantage – they were more likely to be the genetic father of the offspring raised in their nests.

McGlothlin added: “It”s not as simple as saying testosterone is good for reproduction and bad for survival.

“Testosterone seems to underlie this delicate balance between competing traits and behaviours, and the right balance might be different for different males.”

The study has appeared in The American Naturalist. (ANI)

Blame the brain for overeating

Washington, Sept 14 (ANI): The next time you sabotage your efforts to get back on track after bingeing on an extra scoop of ice cream blame the brain, says a new study.

A new study, from UT Southwestern Medical Center, has suggested that fat from certain foods we eat makes its way to the brain. Once there, the fat molecules cause the brain to send messages to the body’s cells, warning them to ignore the appetite-suppressing signals from leptin and insulin, hormones involved in weight regulation.

The researchers also found that one particular type of fat – palmitic acid – is particularly effective at instigating this mechanism.

“Normally, our body is primed to say when we’ve had enough, but that doesn’t always happen when we’re eating something good,” said Dr. Deborah Clegg, assistant professor of internal medicine at UT Southwestern and senior author of the rodent study appearing in the September issue of The Journal of Clinical Investigation.

“What we’ve shown in this study is that someone’s entire brain chemistry can change in a very short period of time. Our findings suggest that when you eat something high in fat, your brain gets ‘hit’ with the fatty acids, and you become resistant to insulin and leptin,” Dr. Clegg said.

“Since you’re not being told by the brain to stop eating, you overeat,” the expert added.

Although it is known that eating a high-fat diet can cause insulin resistance, little has been known about the mechanism that triggers this resistance or whether specific types of fat are more likely to cause increased insulin resistance.

Dr. Clegg said she suspected the brain might play a role because it incorporates some of the fat we eat – whether it is from healthy oils or the not-so-healthy saturated fat found in butter and beef – into its structure.

Based on this suspicion, her team attempted to isolate the effects of fat on the animals’ brains.

To reach the conclusion, researchers exposed the animals to fat in different ways: by injecting various types of fat directly into the brain, infusing fat through the carotid artery or feeding the animals through a stomach tube three times a day. The animals received the same amount of calories and fat; only the type of fat differed. The types included palmitic acid, monounsaturated fatty acid and oleic acid.

Palmitic acid is a common saturated fatty acid occurring in foods such as butter, cheese, milk and beef. Oleic acid, on the other hand, is one of the most common unsaturated fatty acids. Olive and grapeseed oils are rich in oleic acid.

“We found that the palmitic acid specifically reduced the ability of leptin and insulin to activate their intracellular signaling cascades,” Dr. Clegg said.

“The oleic fat did not do this. The action was very specific to palmitic acid, which is very high in foods that are rich in saturated-fat,” the expert added. (ANI)

Second child within a year ‘increases breast cancer risk’

London, Sept 14 (ANI): Having a second child within a year of the first birth can increase a woman’s risk of developing breast cancer, finds a new study.

The research, involving 30,000 women each of whom had produced five or more children, has shown that those with a gap of less than 12 month were 5.2 times more likely to develop the advanced ductal breast cancer than women who had a gap of three or more years.

Although it is unclear that why the risk increases, researchers believe hormones might be involved.

Alternatively, other risk factors may have influenced the results, including being overweight, and whether or not the mother chooses to breast-feed.

“Women who had their first two births close together should not be worried by these findings because the study’s results are not conclusive,” the Telegraph quoted Josephine Querido, senior science information officer at Cancer Research UK, as saying.

“The researchers looked at a very specific group of women – those who had a specific type of breast cancer, who had advanced tumours, who were under 50, and who had at least five children. In studies like this, dividing the group of people you’re looking at into lots of smaller groups makes it likely that you’ll find a positive result in one of the subgroups just by chance.

“For all women, it’s important to go to the GP if they spot any unusual changes in their breast, and to go for screening when invited,” Querido added.

The study appears in the British Journal of Cancer. (ANI)

How people lose muscles as they get older

Washington, Sep 12 (ANI): Even the most well-built people tend to loose their muscles and develop thinner arms and legs as they get older, and researchers in Nottingham have now explained why this happens.

As age catches up, it becomes harder to keep our muscles healthy-they get smaller, which decreases strength and increases the likelihood of falls and fractures.

The researchers have already shown that when older people eat, they cannot make muscle as fast as the young, and now they have found that the suppression of muscle breakdown, which also happens during feeding, is blunted with age.

Led by Michael Rennie, the scientists and doctors at The University of Nottingham Schools of Graduate Entry Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, believe that a ‘double whammy’ affects people aged over 65.

But the team think that weight training may “rejuvenate” muscle blood flow, and help retain muscle for older people.

The study’s results may explain the ongoing loss of muscle in older people- when they eat they do not build enough muscle with the protein in food and also, the insulin (a hormone released during a meal) fails to shut down the muscle breakdown that rises between meals and overnight.

Normally, in young people, insulin acts to slow muscle breakdown.

These problems could be a result of a failure to deliver nutrients and hormones to muscle because of a poorer blood supply.

In the study, the researchers compared one group of people in their late 60s to a group of 25-year-olds, with equal numbers of men and women.

Professor Rennie said: “The results were clear. The younger people’s muscles were able to use insulin we gave to stop the muscle breakdown, which had increased during the night. The muscles in the older people could not.”

“In the course of our tests, we also noticed that the blood flow in the leg was greater in the younger people than the older ones. This set us thinking: maybe the rate of supply of nutrients and hormones is lower in the older people? This could explain the wasting we see,” he added.

Later, Beth Phillips, a PhD student working with Rennie, confirmed the blunting effect of age on leg blood flow after feeding, with and without exercise.

The team predicted that weight training would reduce this blunting.

“Indeed, she found that three sessions a week over 20 weeks ‘rejuvenated’ the leg blood flow responses of the older people. They became identical to those in the young,” said Rennie.

The study has been published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. (ANI)

Men’s sweat ‘boosts their attractiveness in the eyes of women’

London, Sept 11 (ANI): A naturally present chemical in men’s sweat may act as a primitive love potion that increases their attractiveness in women’s eyes, says a new study.

The substance is derived from the male sex hormone testosterone.

To reach the conclusion, Tamsin Saxton of the University of St Andrews studied the influence of androstadienone by dabbling a drop of it on the upper lip of 50 women who took part in the evening trial before they “dated” a series of men.

From analyses, researchers found that women of all ages rated the men slightly higher on a scale of attractiveness when given the substance, compared to water or clove oil, but the effect was greatest in younger women aged between 18 and 22, reports The Independent.

“For some of the women we gave them androstadienone and we put it in clove oil solution so they just smelt clove oil. Some of the women had clove oil alone, and the third group had just water so there was no odour at all,” she told the British Science Festival.

“We got the women to mark how attractive they thought the men were on a one to seven scale after they interacted with each man,” she said.

“We found that the women given androstadienone had given slightly higher ratings of attractiveness to the men. That suggested this constituent of sweat does seem to have some kind of impact on attraction,” she told the festival.

“Some people don’t seem to be able to smell it all, some people say it smells OK or a bit sweaty, whereas others say it smells really awful, like babies’ nappies,” Saxton said.

According to the expert, one hypothesis is that it could be a “pheromone”, or chemical messenger that acts between individuals in much the same way that hormones act as messengers within the body.

“It’s something that people investigate on the topic of pheromones. When you talk of animal pheromones, they are involved in very specific reactions,” Saxton said.

“People do value somebody’s natural skin smell and it’s worth bearing in mind that this may be part of your appeal – how you smell naturally,” she told the festival. (ANI)

Pregnant Kourtney Kardashian’s mood swings terrifies her boyfriend

Washington, Sep 7 (ANI): American socialite Kourtney Kardashian has revealed that she is suffering from such terrible mood swings ever since her pregnancy that her boyfriend Scott Disick is terrified of her.

Kourtney, 30, who is expecting her first child with Disick, admits that her hormones are affecting her temperament, but she is doing her best to try not to be rude to those close to her.

“Scott keeps getting scared. But he’s been great with my mood swings so far. He’s like, ‘Just take a deep breath,’” Contactmusic quoted her as saying.

“He heard that with the last three months of a pregnancy you have really extreme mood swings so he was joking, ‘Oh, you’re not going to believe the mood swings!’” she said.

But it is not only her partner who has been getting the sharp end of her tongue, her family, including sisters Kim and Khloe and mother Kris, have also been suffering.

“If I’m just trying to pick a fight with someone and if I’m around Scott or my mom, then they’ll probably get it worst,” she told People magazine.

“If someone is annoying me – usually my mom – I’ll call Khloe and it’ll make me feel better because she’ll agree with me.

“I throw b***h fits. The other day, I was like, ‘This house is such a mess! Now that Scott’s living in my house, there’s stuff everywhere! We need to get it organised!’ Everything I had to do, I blamed it on Scott,” she added. (ANI)

Mum-to-be Coleen Rooney says hormones are making her “more narky”

London, Sept 2 (ANI): Footie Wayne Rooney’s wife, Coleen, is pregnant with the couple’s first baby due next month, and says her hormones are making her “more narky”.

Rooney wants a large family but his 23-year-old wife certainly knows when to step on the brake pedal.

The Mirror quoted her as saying: “Wayne would probably have another one straight away but it’s not him having it!

“I’ll wait until I have the first before we decide.”

She told OK! magazine: “At the end you just get a bit fed up and because you’re getting bigger you can’t wait to meet the baby.” (ANI)

Men with high testosterone levels ‘more likely to have multiple wives’

London, Aug 28 (ANI): Men with high testosterone levels are more likely to have multiple wives, according to a new study.

They also give less attention to their kids.

High testosterone levels have been linked to increased sexual activity, infidelity and marital conflict. However, after men become fathers, their bodies typically pump out less of the hormone.

“This is good for us, so we can adapt to social challenges very quickly,” New Scientist quoted Alexandra Alvergne, an anthropologist at the University of Montpellier, France, and the University of Sheffield, UK, who led the new study, as saying.

In the study involving rural Senegalese villagers, the researchers underscored testosterone’s critical role in a mating and parenting.

Lead researcher Alexandra Alvergne, an anthropologist at the University of Montpellier, France, and the University of Sheffield, UK measured testosterone levels in 21 polygynous fathers as well as 32 monogamous dads and 28 unmarried men without children.

The researchers also asked the men’s wives about the time and money their husband spent to the family.

The findings revealed that no matter how many wives they had, fathers had lower testosterone levels than single men, on average.

It also showed that among fathers, those with more testosterone tended to invest less time in their wives and children.

And polygynous men under the age of 50 produced more testosterone than monogamous men, on average.

According to Alvergne, older men with more than one wife made less of the sex hormone than other men. While older men may make less testosterone, they typically enjoy more prestige in their villages, which could make it easier to find multiple wives.

The study appears in journal Hormones and Behavior. (ANI)

MJ took Depo Provera jabs to curb sex urges for young boys, says doctor

London, August 9 (ANI): Late king of Pop Michael Jackson had a “chemical castration” drug to suppress his sexual urges towards under-age boys, if reports are to be believed.

A highly-respected doctor named Alimorad Farshchian claims that he prescribed the powerful drug Depo Provera, which is often given to sex offenders, to the ‘Thriller’ hitmaker to cool his sexual appetite.

Normally used for birth control, Depo Provera restricts men’s flow of testosterone-producing brain hormones.

Farshchian’s spokesman has confirmed that the doctor prescribed the drug to the singer.

“Yes, that’s exactly it. He was trying to help Michael,” the Mirror quoted him as saying.

Sources have revealed that Farshchian began prescribing Depo Provera to Jackson because he was concerned about the singer’s attitude to young boys at his infamous Neverland sleepovers.

Ian Barkley, Jackson’s official photographer between 2002-06, told the paper: “Dr. Farshchian was trying to help Michael. One treatment and concoction led to another. It was a slow progression to try to help Michael suppress some of his issues.”

Although Farshchian has not revealed for how long Jackson had injections of Depo Provera, he said:

“When I heard of his death it was the saddest moment of my life. I’m proud I met Mr Jackson.” (ANI)

Emma Watson was nervous while kissing Rupert Grint in ‘Harry Potter’ film

New York, July 11 (ANI): Emma Watson has revealed that she was nervous while doing the highly anticipated kissing scene with Rupert Grint in the final ‘Harry Potter’ film.

“Rupert and I were quite nervous that it might look ingenuous as we were so desperate to get it over with. Rupert and I felt the pressure of this kiss, there’s so much interest,” the New York Daily quoted her as saying.

However, the actress maintained that the scene was important, and that she had to put her best effort to do it properly.

She said: “This is ten years worth of tension and hormones and chemistry and everything one moment. We had to ace it.”

Yet it was difficult for Watson, she added: “Kissing is awkward, kissing is always awkward.”

The scene between Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley takes place in the seventh and last book, “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows,” in J.K. Rowling’s popular series.

Meanwhile, Fandango.com poll claimed that 59 percent of fans would prefer a kissing scene between Hermione and Ron played by Emma Watson and Rupert Grint, respectively.

While on the other hand, only 40 percent chose the kiss between Harry Potter played by Daniel Radcliffe and Ron’s sister Ginny Weasley, played by Bonnie Wright, which can be seen in new film ‘Harry Potter and Half-Blood Prince.’

The film is scheduled for release on July 15. (ANI)

Hormone from bull’s testicles made Hitler very romantic

London, June 27 (ANI): In an astonishing revelation found in the memoirs of Christa Schroeder, German dictator Adolf Hitler’s secretary, Hitler often hallucinated about happier romantic times because his doctor often injected him with hormones procured from the testicles of bulls.

According to Schroeder’s book, the Führer’s mood was known to change in the blink of an eye, and his periodic bursts of bonhomie perplexed and overwhelmed most in his inner circle.

Schroeder worked for the Führer from 1933 until the end in May 1945.

She had replied to a tiny advertisement in a newspaper asking for a woman with secretarial skills. The job turned out to be in the Munich office of the Nazi party and after Hitler had been made Chancellor in 1933 she became his main secretary at the age of 25.

Hitler became so relaxed in Schroeder’s company that he would talk with surprising openness about his childhood.

“Our room was a place where he felt unburdened… Often he would speak affectionately of his mother, to whom he was very attached, and also of his father’s violence.

She recalled Hitler saying-”I never loved my father but feared him. He was prone to rages and would resort to violence. My poor mother would then be afraid for me. I had read that it was a sign of bravery to hide pain so I decided that when he beat me next time I would make no sound. When it happened – I knew my mother was standing anxiously at the door – I counted each stroke out loud.”

“Mother thought I had gone mad when I reported with a beaming smile: ‘Father gave me 32 strokes.’ I never needed to repeat the experiment for my father never beat me again.”

Schroeder found Hitler’s eyes expressive, even friendly and warm-hearted, but in the last months of the war, they lost all expressiveness and became bulging and watery.

She was also able to tell his mood from his voice. It would start off as being unusually calm and clear, but suddenly it would increase in volume – even during normal conversation – and become overwhelmingly aggressive.

His most frequently used word was “ruthless”.

He was also a health fanatic and set great store on personal hygiene. ­Hitler took as many as nine baths a day, particularly after meetings and speeches from which he would return perspiring.

He prided himself on seemingly endless reserves of energy about which he used to boast to Nazi underlings who could not keep up.

From 1944 onwards, Hitler was no longer master of his own body and his trembling left hand became a huge embarrassment.

When surprised visitors saw the shaking hand he would cover it instinctively with the other.

She also learned to read his reactions to bad news. Although, to the end, Hitler remained master of his emotions, his reaction to bad news was a slight movement of the jaw.

He clearly enjoyed showing off his knowledge. As a largely self-­educated man, he had gleaned much information and was obsessive about looking up facts in an encyclopaedia.

This way he often managed to convince listeners that he was a profound thinker and the possessor of a sharp analytical brain.

But he could be caught out, Schroeder recalls.

His waffling cover-up silenced his critics.

Taking dictation, often straight to typewriter, posed problems for the spirited Schroeder.

Hitler would begin to dictate calmly, with expansive gestures.

Gradually he would speak faster and the keys of Schroeder’s typewriter would tangle. But he chose not to notice and kept dictating.

Every so often, while pausing to fix the keys, a sentence might be missed and the text would not flow. Hitler would not be pleased.

Sometimes Schroeder went too far. On one occasion she did not like the way he had phrased something and pointed it out. He just stared at her neither angry nor offended and said: “You are the only person I allow to correct me.”

Hitler was also fanatical about smoking and wanted a skull and crossbones printed on every packet of cigarettes made in Germany. He believed soldiers should be given chocolate instead of cigarettes.

He also insisted on huge vases of flowers on tables, as much apple pie as his chef could make and he would spend hours listening to classical music – Aryan composers only.

In addition to his hatred for smoking and alcohol he deeply disliked meat and, surprisingly, cats. They made him nervous and he would look horrified if he saw one.

One sure way to irritate the Führer was to make an excessive fuss of his pet dogs.

He was noticeably selfish in his desire for their unflinching affection and if they responded to stroking from anyone else, Hitler became visibly irritated.

Miss Schroeder was arrested at the end of the war and after being convicted as a war criminal, was reclassified as a collaborator and released from prison in 1948. She died aged 76 in June 1984.(ANI)

Gossiping is good for women’s health

LONDON: Next time you indulge in gossiping, don’t carry any guilt, for a new study has concluded that a nice chat is good for health.

According to scientists at the University of Michigan who carried out the study on 160 women, woman is happier and healthier if she loves a good natter with her girlfriends.

Experts claim it boosts levels of progesterone, a hormone shown to reduce levels of anxiety and stress.

The study’s researchers said progesterone, which is produced by women’s ovaries, plays an important part in social bonding, reports The Daily Express.

“Many of the hormones involved in bonding lead to reduction in stress and anxiety,” said research leader Professor Stephanie Brown.

The research is published in the journal Hormones and Behaviour.

Biggest health myths busted

London, May 29 (ANI): If you believe that pregnant women are supposed to eat for two or sugar makes children hyperactive, better think again because these are just two of the countless health myths followed since generations.

And now, scientists have debunked the biggest health myths that have existed until now, reports The Mirror.he myths and truths are:

1. Myth: Eating carbs makes you fat

Truth: According to the Food Standards Agency, starchy foods only become fattening when actual fat, such as cream or margarine, is added. Carbs contain less than half the calories of fat and tend to be more filling – making you less likely to overeat.

2. Myth: You need to drink eight glasses of water a day

Truth: Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania found not a single study to back this up. Excessive amounts of water can actually be dangerous, even fatal. Most people only need 750ml to one litre and can get this from juice, tea, coffee… or beer.

3. Myth: The flu jab can give you flu

Truth: The flu jab isn’t a live vaccine so it can’t infect you with the virus. People make this mistake because the jab is usually given in autumn -peak time for cold viruses. And if they go on to get a minor cold they misinterpret it as flu.

4. Myth: I’m fat because I have slow metabolism

Truth: A recent study by the University of Chicago revealed that fat people have faster metabolisms and burn off more calories as energy than slimmer people.

5. Myth: Pregnant women should eat for two

Truth: Two out of five women admit to believing this myth, according to SMA Nutrition. But they only need an extra 200 calories a day – equal to two slices of bread – and even then, only in the last three months.

6. Myth: Vitamins make you live longer

Truth: Popping ‘antioxidant’ vitamins such as C, A and E won’t extend your life, concluded one study last year. They may even lead to a premature death

7. Myth: Chocolate gives you spots

Truth: Acne is caused by the effects of hormones on sebaceous oil glands in the skin. This is why it particularly affects teenagers and can also be increased by stress. So chocolate won’t make a difference.

8. Myth: Sugar makes kids hyperactive

Truth: Sugar does not cause hyperactive behaviour. Riley Hospital for Children in Indianapolis reviewed 12 trials and was unable to detect any effect. Scientists found when parents think their child have had a sugary drink they rate behaviour as hyperactive – so it may be all in the mind.

9. Myth: Sit-ups shift a pot belly

“Even 100 sit-ups a day will do nothing to get rid of the layer of fat on your tummy, only cardiovascular exercise – the type that gets you out of breath – can shift body fat,” said fitness expert Nicola Botton.

10. Myth: When you sneeze, your heart stops

Truth: When you sneeze the pressure in your chest increases as you inhale and drops when you exhale, so your heart rate is affected, but it keeps beating. Yet a survey by esure found two million motorists have had an accident, near miss or lost control as a result of sneezing while at the wheel. (ANI)

Wayne Rooney ‘to take baldie cure’

London, May 17 (ANI): After years of “slaphead” jibes from team-mates, England star Wayne Rooney has decided to cure his baldness with the help of a controversial drug.

The 100,000 pound-a-week Man United striker is set to gulp down a tablet of Finasteride plus scalp lotion to block hormones causing his hair to fall out.

In sports, until this year, the drug was banned as it could mask steroids.

Now it’s legal and Rooney, 23, has already had a consultation, reports the News of the World.

A pal said: “Wayne’s wanted this so long. It won’t suddenly give him a head of hair but will stop the rot.”

The drug’s pioneer, however, has given one word of caution.

US doctor Robert M. Bernstein said: “One in 500 people can suffer breast enlargement from the treatment.” (ANI)

Happiness ‘can be inherited’

Washington, May 15 (ANI): Our feelings in our lifetime can affect our children, concludes a new study.

Dr Alberto Halabe Bucay led the study published in Elsevier’s journal Bioscience Hypotheses.

The expert suggests that a wide range of chemicals that our brain generates when we are in different moods could affect ‘germ cells’ (eggs and sperm), the cells that ultimately produce the next generation. Such natural chemicals could affect the way that specific genes are expressed in the germ cells, and hence how a child develops.

In his article in the latest issue of Bioscience Hypotheses, Halabe Bucay of Research Center Halabe and Darwich, Mexico, suggested that the hormones and chemicals resulting from happiness, depression and other mental states can affect our eggs and sperm, resulting in lasting changes in our children at the time of their conception.

Brain chemicals such as endorphins, and drugs, such as marijuana and heroin are known to have significant effects on sperm and eggs, altering the patterns of genes that are active in them.

“It is well known, of course, that parental behavior affects children, and that the genes that a child gets from its parents help shape that child’s character,” said Dr. Halabe Bucay.

“My paper suggests a way that the parent’s psychology before conception can actually affect the child’s genes,” he added. (ANI)

Hormonal treatment to big cats in Jaipur zoo

Jaipur, May 14 (ANI): The veterinarians of a zoo in Jaipur are giving hormonal treatment to big cats to help them breed faster.

The big cats include tiger, lion and panther. The Jaipur zoo authorities initiated this special course of ten days as most of the male as well female animals were turning impotent.

The animals kept in captivity become prone to impotency. There are two lions, five tigers and four panthers in Jaipur zoo.

The hormones are being given in the shape of drugs.

“In hormonal treatment, we are giving a preparation of PGF12 alpha. Hormones are effective when ovaration doesn’t happen in animals. A hard structure of corpus lithium develops on ovary. Ovaration cant’ take place until this structure doesn’t regresses. Hence, we are giving hormones for ovaration,” said CP Singh, veterinary doctor, Jaipur zoo.

Hormonal treatment has been proved to be good for deer.

“Hormonal treatment is very important for breeding. We have a limited number of tigers and lions comprising males and females. Some of them are ready for breeding. Big cat population will increase by hormonal treatment,” said Laxman Gaur, superintendent, Jaipur zoo.

Experts believe that population of big cats like tiger is declining at an alarming rate in India. By Lokendra Singh (ANI)

Test that tells baby’s sex raises abortion fears

Melbourne, May 10 (ANI): A test that claims to determine the sex of an unborn baby only eight weeks into a pregnancy has raised fears of driving up abortion rates.

IntelliGender, which will be available in pharmacies from today, claims a 90 per cent accuracy rate in determining the gender of the baby.

However, doctors and the anti-abortion lobby fear the test, the first test of its kind in Australia, will be used as a means of sex selection and increase abortion rates.

Currently, there are no restrictions on the sale of pregnancy testing products in Australia.

The company behind the 95-dollar test, which has been sold in the US since 2006, says it takes 10 minutes and identifies a ‘confidential element’ found in the hormones of a woman pregnant with a girl.

The element is found in very low levels in women pregnant with a boy or not pregnant at all.

Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists president Dr Ted Weaver said there appeared to be no scientific evidence to back the test’s claims.

“We’re all about women having choices, but we want the choices to be valid. The concern we would have is that people would then terminate pregnancies on the grounds of sex selection,” the Daily Telegraph quoted Weaver as saying.

Australian Christian Lobby managing director Jim Wallace said the product should be banned.

“That we would allow a product that would allow eugenics to be practised and started in the home is just unbelievable,” he said. (ANI)

Mums with morning sickness ‘more likely to have kids with high IQ’

London, May 8 (ANI): Tired of morning sickness? Well, take heart, for chances are that your unborn kid will have a high IQ.

Irena Nulman and colleagues at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada, have concluded that women who suffer morning sickness during pregnancy may be more likely to have a bright child.

The findings, published online in The Journal of Paediatrics and reported by New Scientist magazine, show that the severity of the sickness is a significant predictor of higher scores.

To reach the conclusion, researchers contacted 120 women who years earlier had called a morning sickness hotline. Thirty did not have morning sickness, but the researchers asked the rest to recall the severity of their sickness, and gave the children of all the women, now aged between 3 and 7, a standard intelligence test. hose whose mothers had nausea and vomiting during pregnancy were more likely to get high scores than those whose mothers did not.

Scientists believe that the sickness could be a by-product of changes in the levels of certain hormones, known as HCG (human chronic gonadotropin) and thyroxine, during pregnancy.

These fluctuations help the body to ensure that a woman’s placenta grows properly, delivering vital nutrients to her baby. (ANI)

Infants born to depressed mums suffer from sleep problems

Washington, May 1 (ANI): Infants born to depressed mothers are more likely to suffer from sleep disturbances at 2 weeks postpartum until 6 months of age, say researchers.

Sleep disturbances in infancy may result in increased risk for developing early-onset depression in childhood.

The study showed that infants born to mothers with depression had significant sleep disturbances compared to low-risk infants.

Babies born to depressed mothers had an hour longer nocturnal sleep latency, shorter sleep episodes and lower sleep efficiency.

Although average sleep time in 24 hours did not differ by risk group at eight two or four weeks, nocturnal total sleep time was 97 minutes longer in the low-risk group at both recording periods.

Those in the high-risk group also had significantly more daytime sleep episodes of a shorter average duration.

Previous studies have found that levels of cortisol, a hormone that is associated with stress, is increased during pregnancy and after delivery in depressed mothers, indicating that the mother’s hormone level may affect the infant’s sleep.

Dr Roseanne Armitage, director of the Sleep and Chronophysiology Laboratory at the University Of Michigan Depression Centre said that while maternal depression does have a negative effect on infants’ sleep, the damage might be reversible.

“We do think that we could develop a behavioural and environmental intervention to improve entrainment of sleep and circadian rhythms in the high risk infants,” said Armitage, lead author of the study.

“However, whether it is maternal hormones that “cause” the sleep problems in infants is not yet known.

“It could genetic, hormonal, or both. Regardless of the cause, they may still be modifiable since brain regulation is very plastic and responsive in childhood,” he added.

The study appears in journal Sleep. (ANI)

Soon, a ‘love potion’ that may help couples communicate better

Washington, Apr 30 (ANI): Relationships are tricky. Most of the people think at some point that communicating positively with their partners when discussing stressful issues, like home finances, is an impossible task. But, worry not, for Swiss researchers are working on a “love potion” that will drive away all such conflicts.

Researchers have begun exploring the benefits of oxytocin for helping couples communicate better.

Oxytocin has been touted as beneficial for reducing anxiety, producing feelings of well-being, empathy, bonding, and sexual arousal.

In its May 1st issue, Biological Psychiatry, published by Elsevier, includes a paper by Swiss researchers that have investigated the effects of oxytocin, the “love hormone,” on human couple interactions.

They recruited adult couples who received oxytocin or placebo intranasally before engaging in a conflict discussion in the laboratory.

Oxytocin increased positive communication behavior in relation to negative behavior and reduced salivary cortisol, i.e., their stress levels, compared to placebo.

“We are just beginning to understand the powerful effects of hormones and chemicals released by the body in the context of important social interactions,” commented John Krystal, M.D., the editor of Biological Psychiatry.

“As this knowledge grows, the question of how to best use our developing capacities to pharmacologically alter social processes will become an important question to explore,” he added.

Author Beate Ditzen, Ph.D., noted that this was the first study of its kind and important because it evaluated real-time natural couple behavior in the laboratory.

“[Oxytocin] might help us to pronounce the effects of a standard treatment, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, by possibly making the benefits of social interaction more accessible to the individual. But it probably will not replace these standard treatments,” the expert added.

They clarify that this study does not show that oxytocin should currently be used as a treatment itself and the effects of repeated administration have not been evaluated in humans. (ANI)