Young detainees plant community links

Detainees at Canberra’s Bimberi Youth Detention Centre are giving back to the community by growing vegetables.

A vegetable garden at the facility has been so fruitful the excess produce is being collected by charity group OzHarvest and distributed to disadvantaged Canberrans.

The project started 12 months ago when the detainees designed the garden which will soon include a greenhouse.

Horticulture teacher John Ellis says the program has given Bimberi residents a positive project to be involved in.

“You can see they gain a lot out of it, it’s about educating them but they’re also getting these skills that come in handy,” he said.

“Most days they come in and they’re keen to have a go.”

One detainee, Kieran, says the program gives them something to look forward to.

“It gives us something to do during education, teaches us life skills – if we get our own house or flat we can grow plants and vegetables,” he said.

“It’s not just good for me, it’s good for everyone, everyone gets to do it.”

Minister for Children and Young People Joy Burch says the program is an effective way to help the youth develop a connection with the community.

“These are real horticultural skills that they’re learning plus they get to see the fruits of their benefits … quite literally when the fruit garden gets going,” she said.

“To have a connection to the broader community, and for them knowing that they’re not only helping to feed the other residents here but to helping others who a less-advantaged in the community is a wonderful thing.”

The detainees will also be offered cooking and barista courses in the coming weeks to help develop their vocational skills.

20 Years and 131 Million Steps for Conservation

TORONTO, ONTARIO, Apr 05 (MARKET WIRE) —
On April 15 and 17, thousands of Canadians will help tackle climate
change by climbing the 1,776 stairs of Canada’s national tower in the
20th Annual Canada Life CN Tower Climb for WWF-Canada.

Over the past 20 years, more than 70,000 climbers have climbed 131
million steps in WWF-Canada’s largest fundraising event, helping WWF
deliver conservation results here in Canada and around the world.

The climb isn’t as scary as it sounds – the average climb time is
approximately 25 minutes and people of every age and fitness level
participate. Last year, ages ranged from seven to seventy! And, with both
a team challenge and public climb to choose from there really is
something for everyone.

The team challenge will take place on Thursday, April 15 from 5:30 p.m.
to 7 p.m. and is a great opportunity for colleagues or fitness buddies to
challenge each other. The public climb is on Saturday, April 17 from 6
a.m. to 10 a.m. Bring your family and friends or come alone and set a new
personal best time.

More than 6,000 people are expected to climb the Tower this year and
prove how much they care about our planet. Climbers will compete for
great prizes awarded to the fastest individual, fastest male, female and
co-ed team as well as top fundraisers. New this year, win a trip for two
to Churchill to see firsthand the effects of climate change and why your
fundraising support is so important. Your name will be entered into the
contest for every $150 raised.

Last year, the climb raised more than $1.2 million and helped WWF-Canada
mobilize industry and individuals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
through programs such as Earth Hour, Living Planet Community and Climate
Savers.

By participating in WWF-Canada’s biggest fundraising event, Canadians are
taking a stand against climate change and to help preserve our planet.

Take the next step and help keep your city and your planet healthy -
visit wwf.ca to sponsor a friend, relative or the WWF-Canada team and
help fight climate change.

For more information visit wwf.ca or call our event hotline at
416-484-7716.

Contacts:
WWF-Canada
Ashley Brasfield
Communications Coordinator
416-489-4567 ext 7228
abrasfield@wwfcanada.org
www.wwf.ca

Copyright 2010, Market Wire, All rights reserved.

England’s ‘Infinity chili’ beats India’s ‘Bhut Jolokia’ as the world’s hottest chili

London, Apr. 1 (ANI): The Indian chili, which is used by the Indian Army to make hand grenades to immobilize terrorist suspects, has been beaten by England’s ‘Infinity chili’ as the hottest in the world.

‘Infinity chili’ bred in the historic market town of Grantham, Lincolnshire is hotter than the Bhut Jolokia chili, according to tests conducted by the Warwick University.

On the Scoville Scale, Infinity chili has been rated at 1,067,286, while the Bhut Jolokia chili is measured at 1,041,427, The Sun reports.

A jalapeño measures just 2,500 to 5,000 on the Scoville Scale.

The Lincolnshire variety is named Infinity for its “never-ending” burn, which cannot be quelled by even the best antidote, milk.

A novice who eats it can require hospital treatment for mouth blisters and burns.

The paper quoted Grower Woody Woods, 37, of Fire Foods in Grantham, as saying: “It is like eating red-hot coal. To grow such a burning hot chili in our climate is unbelievable.”

He and pal Matt Simpson, 38, bred the Infinity in a greenhouse by crossing existing varieties.

They hope to market the seeds this year. (ANI)

Sean Combs dubs himself ‘Ciroc Obama’ over vodka promotion

New York, March 20 (ANI): In a not-so-classy move, Sean Combs urged people to buy his favourite brand of vodka – after reportedly comparing other drinks to ‘pee’.

The hip-hop mogul, the celebrity ambassador for Ciroc vodka, was said to have encouraged guests at Greenhouse to try the label.

According to a source, the 40-year-old rapper went on to refer himself “Ciroc Obama”, the New York Post reported.

He reportedly said: “If you”re not drinking Ciroc vodka, then you”re drinking pee pee.”

Combs holds a multiyear strategic partnership worth up to 100 million dollars with Ciroc and apparently receives a 50 percent share of profits, it was said. (ANI)

Workshop on use of textiles in agriculture to begin today

New Delhi, Sept 18 (ANI): The Ministry of Textiles and the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) will jointly organise a workshop on use of textiles in agriculture here today.

Over 100 delegates from various sectors like agriculture, the State Governments, agricultural universities, forest departments and institutes will attend the workshop.

The technical textiles are used in agriculture to fabricate shade-nets, crop-covers, mulch-nets, anti-hail nets, bird protection nets, fishing nets and greenhouse covers. The use of these items is very limited in the context of Indian agriculture.

The objective of the workshop is to sensitize stakeholders about myriad applications of technical textiles in agriculture and environmental engineering.

It will also create awareness amongst the stakeholders about the benefits of these items.

The workshop will also focus on various rules/legislations that need to be amended to facilitate the use of these textiles in various applications.

Technical textiles products used in the agriculture are known as Agrotech and those used for environmental protection are called Oekotech.

The major applications of Oekotech are for landfill waste management. It includes products used to prevent leakage of municipal or hazardous waste in landfills and suitable use of waste.

The consumption of these technical textiles products remains limited despite their perceived benefits.

With rapid urbanisation, the waste management has become major issue in India and Oekotech applications provide an effective way of managing the waste in an environment friendly manner. (ANI)

Declining CO2 levels helped in Antarctic formation 34 million years ago

Washington, September 14 (ANI): In a major research study, the link between declining carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the earth’s atmosphere and the formation of the Antarctic ice caps some 34 million years ago has been confirmed for the first time.

The research was carried out by a team of scientists from Cardiff, Bristol and Texas A and M universities, in a small East African village, where they extracted microfossils in samples of rocks which show the level of CO2 in the Earth’s atmosphere at the time of the formation of the ice-cap.

Geologists have long speculated that the formation of the Antarctic ice-cap was caused by a gradually diminishing natural greenhouse effect.

The study’s findings confirm that atmospheric CO2 declined during the Eocene – Oligocene climate transition and that the Antarctic ice sheet began to form when CO2 in the atmosphere reached a tipping point of around 760 parts per million (by volume).

According to Professor Paul Pearson from Cardiff University’s School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, who led the mission to the remote East Africa village of Stakishari, “About 34 million years ago, the Earth experienced a mysterious cooling trend. Glaciers and small ice sheets developed in Antarctica, sea levels fell and temperate forests began to displace tropical-type vegetation in many areas.”

“The period, known to geologists as the Eocene – Oligocene transition, culminated in the rapid development of a continental-scale ice sheet on Antarctica, which has been there ever since,” he said.

“We therefore set out to establish whether there was a substantial decline in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels as the Antarctic ice sheet began to grow,” he added.

The team mapped large expanses of bush and wilderness and pieced together the underlying local rock formations using occasional outcrops of rocks and stream beds.

Eventually, they discovered sediments of the right age near a traditional African village called Stakishari.

By assembling a drilling rig and extracting hundreds of meters of samples from under the ground, they were able to obtain exactly the piece of Earth’s history they had been searching for.

According to co-author Dr Gavin Foster from the University of Bristol Earth Sciences Department, “By using the rather unique set of samples from Tanzania and a new analytical technique that I developed, we have, for the first time, been able to reconstruct the concentration of CO2 across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary – the time period about 34 million years ago when ice sheets first started to grow on Eastern Antarctica.” (ANI)

Serena Williams enjoys night out with rapper Common

New York, Aug 31 (ANI): Tennis champ Serena Williams was seen dancing and enjoying with her ‘alleged’ boyfriend, rapper Common, at a party.

The Grand Slam winner was present at the wrap party of Common’s new flick, “Just Wright”, at Greenhouse earlier this week, and proceeded to spend all night with him.

“They were having fun, dancing, and affectionate,” the New York Post quoted a witness as saying.

Other celebs present at the party were Rihanna, Robin Thicke, and Common’s co- star Queen Latifah.

In 2008, People Magazine reported Williams was dating rapper Common however, both have always kept low profile on their relationship. (ANI)

Indian forests absorb 11 per cent of annual greenhouse gas emissions: Jairam Ramesh

New Delhi, Aug. 29 (ANI): Minister of State for Environment and Forests, Jairam Ramesh, said on Saturday that about 11 per cent of the annual greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) is being absorbed by the country’s forests.

According to the World Resources Institute, India’s total GHG emissions stood at 1,853 million metric tons equivalent of carbon dioxide, about 4.9 percent of global emissions in 2005.

During the release of a report in the capital by the Institute of Defence Studies and Analysis (IDSA), Ramesh spoke about the contribution of Indian forests in soaking the annual carbon dioxide gas emissions.

“We have just recently two weeks ago released a report for the first time which quantified what is the carbon sequestration that is taking place through our forest cover. Our estimators said that about 11 per cent of our annual greenhouse emission is being absorbed by our forest such as, as it is, about 21 per cent of our geographical areas is about 65 million hectares, ” said Jairam Ramesh.

India aims at expanding its forest cover by another six million hectares over the next six years.

“I am sure if we improve the quality of our forest cover, reduce the proportion of degraded forest, increase the proportion of medium and high density forest, this 11 per cent could in fact even increase,” added Ramesh.

As per a new report, the country contributes around five percent to global carbon dioxide emissions and is still only about a quarter of the emissions of China and the United States.

India’s per capita emissions at only one-twentieth of the United States and about one-tenth of Western Europe and Japan, the report says. (ANI)

‘Laughing gas’ leaves ozone layer in splits

Washington, August 28 (ANI): A new study has determined that nitrous dioxide, popularly known as ‘laughing gas’, has now become the largest ozone-depleting substance emitted through human activities, and is expected to remain the largest throughout the 21st century.

The study was authored by A.R. Ravishankara, J.S. Daniel and Robert W. Portmann of the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) chemical sciences division.

For the first time, this study has evaluated nitrous oxide emissions from human activities in terms of their potential impact on Earth’s ozone layer.

As chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which have been phased out by international agreement, ebb in the atmosphere, nitrous oxide will remain a significant ozone-destroyer, the study found.

Today, nitrous oxide emissions from human activities are more than twice as high as the next leading ozone-depleting gas.

Nitrous oxide is emitted from natural sources and as a byproduct of agricultural fertilization and other industrial processes.

Calculating the effect on the ozone layer now and in the future, NOAA researchers found that emissions of nitrous oxide from human activities erode the ozone layer and will continue to do so for many decades.

ESRL tracks the thickness of the ozone layer, as well as the burden of ozone-depleting compounds in the atmosphere. It maintains a large portion of the world air sampling and measurement network.

NOAA scientists also conduct fundamental studies of the atmosphere and atmospheric processes to improve understanding of ozone depletion and of the potential for recovery the ozone layer.

“The dramatic reduction in CFCs over the last 20 years is an environmental success story. But manmade nitrous oxide is now the elephant in the room among ozone-depleting substances,” said Ravishankara, lead author of the study and director of the ESRL Chemical Sciences Division in Boulder, Colorado.

The ozone layer serves to shield plants, animals and people from excessive ultraviolet light from the sun.

Thinning of the ozone layer allows more ultraviolet light to reach the Earth’s surface where it can damage crops and aquatic life and harm human health.

Though the role of nitrous oxide in ozone depletion has been known for several decades, the new study is the first to explicitly calculate that role using the same measures that have been applied to CFCs, halons and other chlorine- and bromine-containing ozone-depleting substances.

According to scientists, nitrous oxide is also a greenhouse gas, so reducing its emission from manmade sources would be good for both the ozone layer and climate. (ANI)

Samajwadi Party targets opportunistic Congress, but says will support UPA

Agra (Uttar Pradesh) Aug.21 (ANI): Concluding a three-day National Conference here on Friday, a sulking Samajwadi Party leadership accused the Congress of being “opportunistic” and announced a mass agitation programme against UPA government, but ruled out withdrawal of outside support to it for now.

Having lost in four Assembly seats where bypolls were held in Uttar Pradesh, the Samajwadi Party in a resolution also targeted the Mayawati Government in the state, saying it and the UPA were pursuing “anti-people” and “anti-national” policies.

It said that the Samajwadi Party had supported the Congress-led coalition at the Centre to weaken communal forces.

“But the government after announcing revolutionary steps to end unemployment, educational reforms and foodgrains support in 100 days, had done nothing so far in this regard,” it alleged, while announcing the agitation against the Centre and UP government in January next year.

However, party chief Mulayam Singh Yadav, asserted that “there is no question of withdrawing support from UPA as of now.

“We will take to the streets against both Congress and BSP. We will launch a ‘Jail Bharo’ agitation between January 19 and 23, 2010 against BSP, during which both me and Kalyan Singh will court arrest,” Yadav told reporters on Friday.

The political and economic resolution cleared by the party’s national executive made no reference to SP withdrawing support from the UPA.

Asked about the results of bypolls to four assembly seats in Uttar Pradesh, where two seats were wrested from it, Yadav said, “this is not the people’s verdict. State government officials ensured BSP’s victory. They had arrested our cadre to ensure our defeat.”

The results are being seen as a setback for the party, which is trying to regain its position in the state after the 2007 assembly polls and the recent general elections.

“We want to make people aware why there is a need for an agitation against BSP in Uttar Pradesh. During this period, our party workers will hold meetings with the people at grassroot levels where they will highlight the weaknesses of the BSP government in UP,” Yadav said.

He also cited the ongoing farming season as a reason for the timing of the agitation.

The SP lamented India “kowtowing to foreign powers and sacrificing the country’s economic interests”.

The government, the party resolution alleged, had failed to boost agricultural production, control prices, take action against food adulteration, tackle unemployment and give Indian languages their rightful place in official and court work.

It criticised the US and other developed countries for their “double standards” on the issue of greenhouse emissions.

It also referred to the alleged attempts by China to disturb the flow of Himalayan rivers which could result in environmental disaster for India. (ANI)

Varanasi’s photo exhibition highlights environmental hazards

Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh), Aug 20(ANI): A photo exhibition highlighting the ill effects of global warming and pollution on wildlife and human beings was held at the holy city of Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh on Wednesday (August 19) on the occasion of World Photography Day. he objective of the event was to spread public awareness about the adverse impact on environment in the guise of ‘progress’ and sensitise them towards issues like pollution.

“Our wildlife is being adversely affected by the environment, global warming, depletion of the ozone layer, water pollution and air pollution. Both human beings and the wild life are gravely affected,” said U S Agarwal, the organiser of the photo exhibition.

Visitors found the exhibited photographs quite inspiring.

“We have learnt from this exhibition that we should take care of nature and animals. This exhibition is truly inspiring,” said Sudhir Singh, a visitor.

According to researchers, rising temperatures could wipe out more than half of the earth’s species in the next few centuries.

According to the UN Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change, the average global temperatures are likely to rise by between 1.8 and 4 degrees Celsius by the end of the century, partly as a result of greenhouse gas emissions.

The upper end of the forecast rise would heat the earth close to the temperatures of 250 million years ago, when 95 percent of all animal and plant species became extinct. (ANI)

Evidence points towards methane seeping from Arctic sea bed

London, August 19 (ANI): A team of scientists has said that they have evidence that the powerful greenhouse gas methane is escaping from the Arctic sea bed.

According to a report by BBC News, researchers said this could be evidence of a predicted positive feedback effect of climate change.

As temperatures rise, the sea bed grows warmer and frozen water crystals in the sediment break down, allowing methane trapped inside them to escape.

The research team found that more than 250 plumes of methane bubbles are rising from the sea bed off Norway.

The joint British and German research team detected the bubbles using a type of sonar normally used to search for shoals of fish.

Once detected, the bubbles were sampled and tested for methane at a range of depths.

The team said that the methane was rising from an area of sea bed off West Spitsbergen, from depths between 150 and 400m.

The gas is normally trapped as “methane hydrate” in sediment under the ocean floor.

“Methane hydrate” is an ice-like substance composed of water and methane which is stable under conditions of high pressure and low temperature.

As temperatures rise, the hydrate breaks down. So, this new evidence shows that methane is stable at water depths greater than 400m off Spitsbergen.

However data collected over 30 years shows it was then stable at water depths as shallow as 360m.

Temperature records show that this area of the ocean has warmed by 1 degree Celsius during the same period.

According to the research team, this is the first time that this loss of stability associated with temperature rise has been observed during the current geological period.

Professor Tim Minshull of the National Oceanography Centre at Southampton told BBC News, “We already knew there was some methane hydrate in the ocean off Spitsbergen and that’s an area where climate change is happening rather faster than just about anywhere else in the world.” ethane gas rises from the sea bed in plumes of bubbles, with most of it dissolving before reaching the surface.

So far, scientists haven’t detected methane breaking the ocean surface, but they don’t rule out the possibility.

“There’s been an idea for a long time that if the oceans warm, methane might be released from hydrate beneath the sea floor and generate a positive greenhouse effect,” said Minshull. (ANI)

Evidence points towards methane seeping from Arctic sea bed

London, August 19 (ANI): A team of scientists has said that they have evidence that the powerful greenhouse gas methane is escaping from the Arctic sea bed.

According to a report by BBC News, researchers said this could be evidence of a predicted positive feedback effect of climate change.

As temperatures rise, the sea bed grows warmer and frozen water crystals in the sediment break down, allowing methane trapped inside them to escape.

The research team found that more than 250 plumes of methane bubbles are rising from the sea bed off Norway.

The joint British and German research team detected the bubbles using a type of sonar normally used to search for shoals of fish.

Once detected, the bubbles were sampled and tested for methane at a range of depths.

The team said that the methane was rising from an area of sea bed off West Spitsbergen, from depths between 150 and 400m.

The gas is normally trapped as “methane hydrate” in sediment under the ocean floor.

“Methane hydrate” is an ice-like substance composed of water and methane which is stable under conditions of high pressure and low temperature.

As temperatures rise, the hydrate breaks down. So, this new evidence shows that methane is stable at water depths greater than 400m off Spitsbergen.

However data collected over 30 years shows it was then stable at water depths as shallow as 360m.

Temperature records show that this area of the ocean has warmed by 1 degree Celsius during the same period.

According to the research team, this is the first time that this loss of stability associated with temperature rise has been observed during the current geological period.

Professor Tim Minshull of the National Oceanography Centre at Southampton told BBC News, “We already knew there was some methane hydrate in the ocean off Spitsbergen and that’s an area where climate change is happening rather faster than just about anywhere else in the world.”

Methane gas rises from the sea bed in plumes of bubbles, with most of it dissolving before reaching the surface.

So far, scientists haven’t detected methane breaking the ocean surface, but they don’t rule out the possibility.

“There’s been an idea for a long time that if the oceans warm, methane might be released from hydrate beneath the sea floor and generate a positive greenhouse effect,” said Minshull. (ANI)

China’s carbon emissions may peak around 2030

New Delhi, August 18 (ANI): A panel of experts have determined that China’s carbon emissions output could peak around 2030 if the government continues to be serious about “strengthened measures” to improve energy efficiency and if it accelerates exploration of renewable energy.

According to the panel from the National Development and Reform Commission and the Development Research Center of the State Council, with the right policies, emissions growth could slow after 2020, with a peak around 2030.

This is the first time a Chinese think-tank has officially announced when it thinks China’s carbon emissions will peak.

The international community has closely watched the country’s carbon emissions curve because China and the US are the top two carbon emissions countries in the world.

The panel has advised China to invest significantly in low-carbon technology research and development, saying the strategy of developing such technology is “a stone killing two birds”.

“Only by using advanced low-carbon technologies can China’s greenhouse gas emissions peak around 2030; otherwise, the peak will be delayed and we don’t want to see the latter scenario,” said Jiang Kejun, a leading economist of the panel.

If the peak happens around 2030, the huge investment in low-carbon technologies could keep China’s economy growing at a fast pace and make China a global leader in cutting-edge technologies.

“I think China will become a major supplier of nuclear, wind and hydropower technologies and electricity transmission by 2030,” said Jiang. “And that should be a strategic goal for the Chinese government to pursue,” he added.

If China can achieve these goals, by 2050, its carbon emissions from fossil fuel “could fall to the same emissions levels as in 2005 or even lower”, the report said.

Jiang said that the Chinese government has been “on the right track” in making policy decisions to develop low-carbon technologies as new economic growth engines while countries worldwide are working on a plan by October to replace the Kyoto Protocol, which is set to expire in 2012. (ANI)

Stressed crops emit more methane emissions than previously thought

Washington, August 18 (ANI): Scientists at the University of Calgary (U of C) in Canada have found that methane emission by stressed crops could be a bigger problem in global warming than previously thought.

According to a U of C study, when crops are exposed to environmental factors that are part of climate change – increased temperature, drought and ultraviolet-B radiation – some plants show enhanced methane emissions.

Methane is a very potent greenhouse gas; 23 times more effective in trapping heat than carbon dioxide (CO2).

“Most studies just look at one factor. We wanted to mix a few of the environmental factors that are part of the climate change scenario to study a more true-to-life impact climate change has on plants,” said David Reid, a professor in the Department of Biological Sciences, who co-authored a paper with research associate Mirwais Qaderi in the advanced on-line edition of the journal Physiologia Plantarum.

Reid and Qaderi analyzed methane emissions from six important Canadian crops – faba bean, sunflower, pea, canola, barley and wheat – that were exposed to combinations of three components of global climate change: temperature, ultraviolet-B radiation and water stress (drought).

What they found was troubling.

These stresses caused plants to emit more methane. In a warmer, drier world, methane might be a bigger contributor in global warming than previously thought.

When it comes to the greenhouse effect, methane could be considered the misunderstood and often overlooked orphan greenhouse gas.

Much of the attention has been focused on carbon dioxide, but more recently it has been realized that methane should also be considered as a very significant greenhouse gas.

Its concentrations have more than doubled since pre-industrial times.

While the growth rate of methane concentrations has slowed since the early 1990s, some scientists say this is only a temporary pause.

“Our results are of importance in the whole climate warming discussion because methane is such a potent greenhouse warming gas,” said Qaderi.

“It points to the possibility of yet another possible feedback phenomena which could add to global warming,” he added. (ANI)

Your cars may soon be powered by urine

New York, July 15 (ANI): Could it be possible to run your car on urine? Well, it may be, if Ohio University scientists are to be believed.

And their confidence stems from the fact that they have found a novel way to produce hydrogen energy from urine.

According to Discovery News, the scientists used a nickel-based electrode to make cheap hydrogen from urine.

When the research team led by professor Gerardine Botte stuck the electrode into a pool of urine, and applied an electrical current, hydrogen gas was released, which was used in fuel cells.

The prototype is about three inches by three inches, and is capable of generating 500 milliwatts of power.

The scientists hope to create commercial versions of the technology.

Botte expects that the fuel-cell urine-powered car could theoretically travel 90 miles per gallon.

“One cow can provide enough energy to supply hot water for 19 houses. Soldiers in the field could carry their own fuel,” the New York Daily News quoted him as saying.

The researchers focussed their study on urea, a urine by-product.

“Urea is a byproduct of a lot of cities and farms, but even if you take all the people and all the animals, there’s not enough to run the world,” said University of Georgia professor John Stickney.

He added that though applications using urine won’t be available to consumers for quite some time, it’s definitely worth developing.

“We are going to have to put together a lot of greener ways to collect energy that don’t produce greenhouse gases and don’t require us to go to war,” he added. (ANI)

Walking or biking to work boosts fitness

Washington, July 14 (ANI): Walking or biking to work can boost fitness, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, say researchers.

“Active commuting was positively associated with fitness in men and women and inversely associated with body mass index, obesity, triglyceride levels, blood pressure and insulin level in men,” say Dr Penny Gordon-Larsen and colleagues at the School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

During the study, the researchers looked at 2,364 adults in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study who worked outside the home.

The participants reported the length of their commute in minutes and miles, including details on the percentage of the trip taken by car, public transportation, walking or bicycling.

The researchers further assessed participants’ height, weight and other health variables, including blood pressure and fitness levels as assessed by a treadmill test.

A total of 16.7 percent of the participants used any means of active commuting to reach their workplace.

The study showed active commuters were less likely to be overweight or obese and have healthier triglyceride levels, blood pressure and insulin levels.

The results add to existing evidence that walking or biking to work is beneficial.

“Furthermore, increasing active commuting will have the dual benefits of increasing population health and in reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Environmental supports for commuting, such as physical environment and sociocultural factors, have been shown to promote active forms of commuting,” said the authors.

The study has been published in the Archives of Internal Medicine. (ANI)

Ice-free summers in ancient Arctic may help predict future trends

Washington, July 10 (ANI): In a new research, scientists have obtained evidence for ice-free summers with intermittent winter sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the Late Cretaceous period, which should help predict how the Arctic is likely to respond to future global warming.

The Late Cretaceous, the period between 100 and 65 million years ago leading up to the extinction of the dinosaurs, is crucial in this regard because levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) were high, driving greenhouse conditions.

In this regards, Dr Andrew Davies and Professor Alan Kemp of the University of Southampton’s School of Ocean and Earth Science based at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, along with Dr Jennifer Pike of Cardiff University have presented the first seasonally resolved Cretaceous sedimentary record from the Alpha Ridge of the Arctic Ocean.

The scientists analyzed the remains of diatoms – tiny free-floating plant-like organisms – preserved in late Cretaceous marine sediments.

In modern oceans, diatoms play a dominant role in the ‘biological carbon pump’ by which CO2 is drawn down from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and a proportion of it exported to the deep ocean.

Unfortunately, the role of diatoms in the Cretaceous oceans has until now been unclear, in part because they are often poorly preserved in sediments.

But, the researchers struck lucky.

“With remarkable serendipity, successive US and Canadian expeditions that occupied floating ice islands above the Alpha Ridge of the Arctic Ocean, recovered cores containing shallow buried upper Cretaceous diatom ooze with superbly preserved diatoms,” explained the researchers.

This has allowed them to conduct a detailed study of the diatom fossils using sophisticated electron microscopy techniques.

In the modern ocean, scientists use floating sediment traps to collect and study settling material.

These electron microscope techniques that have been pioneered by Professor Kemp’s group at Southampton have unlocked a ‘palaeo-sediment trap’ to reveal information about Late Cretaceous environmental conditions.

They find that the most informative sediment core samples display a regular alternation of microscopically thin layers composed of two distinctly different diatom assemblages, reflecting seasonal changes.

Their analysis clearly demonstrates that seasonal blooming of diatoms was not related to the upwelling of nutrients, as has been previously suggested.

Rather, production occurred within a stratified water column, indicative of ice-free summers.

According to the researchers, “This Cretaceous production, dominated by diatoms adapted to stratified conditions of the polar summer may also be a pointer to future trends in the modern ocean.”

“With increasing CO2 levels and global warming giving rise to increased ocean stratification, this style of (marine biological) production may become of increasing importance,” they added. (ANI)

German Chancellor meets Manmohan Singh at G8-G5 summit

L’aquila, July 10 (ANI): German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Indian Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh met on the sidelines of the G8-G5 summit here on Thursday.

They reportedly discussed bilateral issues and topics pertinent to the summit.

Leaders of the world’s richest nations and major developing powers would have on the table issues like global warming and international trade, with the poorer countries seeking concessions.

U S President Barack Obama would chair the climate discussions, but hopes of agreeing on ambitious emission-reducing goals have faded after China and India rejected demands to halve their emission of greenhouse gases by 2050.

The talks have been broadened to include the heads of new economic powerhouses in recognition that the world’s problems can no longer be dealt with by an elite few.

The fragile state of the global economy dominated the first day of the annual G-8 summit, with the United States, Japan, Germany, France, Britain, Italy, Canada and Russia acknowledging that were still significant risks to financial stability.

The 17-member Major Economies Forum (MEF), which groups the G-8 plus big developing nations, also looks set to embrace the two Celsius goal on Thursday, but is balking at making further commitments ahead of a decisive U.N. climate conference in December.

Progress has been hampered by the absence of Chinese President Hu Jintao, who withdrew from talks to attend to ethnic clashes in China’s northwest that have killed 156 people and wounded over a thousand.ndian negotiators said developing countries first wanted to see rich nation plans to provide financing to help them cope with ever more floods, heatwaves, storms and rising sea levels.

Broader economic concerns are also high on the agenda, with emerging nations complaining that they are suffering heavily from a crisis that was not of their making.

China, India and Brazil have all questioned whether the world should start seeking a new global reserve currency as an alternative to the dollar. They have said they may raise this on Thursday after having discussed it amongst themselves on July 8.

The debate is highly sensitive in financial markets, which are wary of risks to U.S. asset values, and the issue is unlikely to progress very far in L’Aquila.

However, a breakthrough on trade may be within reach. Diplomats say the G-8 and G-5 should agree to conclude the stalled Doha round of trade talks in 2010. Launched in 2001 to help poor countries prosper, they have stumbled on proposed tariff and subsidy cuts. By Naveen Kapoor (ANI)