‘Brand Anna’ enters management class

NEW DELHI: ‘Brand Anna’ has tickled the imagination of marketing and brand management experts. On Tuesday morning, the students of Faculty of Management Studies (FMS), Delhi University, will have a class on ‘Brand Anna’, where they will deliberate on the phenomenon.

The students are expected to gain an insight into how Anna turned the corruption issue into a brand and an exciting marketing strategy, too. They will be addressed by professor Harsh Vardhan Verma, a faculty member for marketing at FMS.

With the aim of coming up with a case study of ‘Brand Anna’ and presenting a paper later, Verma started his study of the brand in the form of two blogs – ‘Brand Anna: Lessons in Branding’ and ‘Anna direction and youth directionless’.

“What has this simple man, who otherwise may fail to attract attention on the street, appropriated? If Anna has caught the imagination of people, which is visible wherever he goes, what is it? Anna’s brilliance lies in his ability to sense the void (latent need: freedom from corruption) and respond to that by creating a product accordingly (Lokpal). Some needs are so obvious (patent but relegated to dormancy) that they escape attention. Anna has lent voice to a murmur which political establishment knowingly ignored. He converted that into a war cry. Anna brand stands for a ‘promise’ (India liberated from corruption) which connects people,” said Verma.

Verma will be addressing two sets of students in the class on Tuesday, one which is supporting Anna’s Jan Lokpal and the other which is against it. Both the groups are equally excited about the lesson.

“I am not a follower of Anna, but as a student of marketing, I do wish to understand the phenomenon. The entire nation is wearing the Gandhi topi which is exciting for the market.How he managed to turn the issue of corruption into a brand is of particular interest to us?” said Amol Endait, a final-year student. Anand Singh, another final-year student, said, “Professor Verma will discuss why the movement became so successful. We will also discuss how the political class should learn a lesson or two and how Anna is standing up for an issue that resonates with the people.”

Krishna in Belarus to strengthen bilateral ties

Minsk, Sept 17 (ANI): Indian External Affairs Minister S M Krishna has arrived here to foster bilateral ties between the two countries.

Krishna is the first Indian External Minister to visit this country.

On Wednesday, Krishna visited the Victory Square Monument in the city and paid tribute to soldiers who had laid down their lives during the World War II while fighting the Nazi invaders.

“This is the first ever visit by an Indian Minister for External Affairs to Belarus. I think it is an important visit with a view to further cement and strengthen relationship to mutual advantage,” said Ramesh Chander, Indian Ambassador to Belarus.

Krishna’s visit is being seen as important, as it would help to cement ties further between the two countries.

“In 2008, we had a 432 million trade turnover. And this year, it is likely to touch 500 million by the end of the year,” Chander added.

Krishna reviewed guard of honour of the Belarus Army at the Square. He was received by the Deputy Mayor of Minsk, Titenkov Mikhail.

On Thursday, Krishna will call on Belarus President Alexander Lukashenko.

He will also hold talks with his counterpart Sergey Martynov. Two agreements will be signed including one on Cooperation in Physical Education and Sports and an MoU on the Establishment of a Digital Learning Centre in Minsk.

The Digital Learning Centre will impart skills in advanced computing and software creation to young Belarusian students, initially with Indian faculty members and thereafter with trained Belarusian professionals.

Krishna will also pay an official visit to Turkmenistan on September 18 and 19.

He will call on Turkmen President Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedov and hold meetings with Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Rashid Meredov.

Krishna will also have a meeting with Minister in-charge of Oil and Gas sector Baymyrat Hojamuhammedov.

Both countries will sign a cooperation agreement during the visit. By Ravi Shankar (ANI)

India to sign two pacts with Belarus during Krishna’s visit

Minsk, Sept 17 (ANI): India and Belarus will sign two bilateral agreements during External Affairs Minister S. M. Krishna’s two-day visit to that country.

During his visit, Krishna will call on Belarus President Alexander Lukashenko.

He will also hold wide-ranging talks with his counterpart Sergey Martynov. The agreements to be signed are one on Cooperation in Physical Education and Sports and an MoU on the Establishment of a Digital Learning Centre in Minsk.

The Digital Learning Centre will impart skills in advanced computing and software creation to young Belarusian students, initially with Indian faculty members and thereafter with trained Belarusian professionals.

This will be the first visit by India’s External Affairs Minister to Belarus.

Krishna will also pay an official visit to Turkmenistan on September 18 and 19.

He will call on Turkmen President Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedov and hold meetings with Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Rashid Meredov.

Krishna will also have a meeting with Minister in-charge of Oil and Gas sector Baymyrat Hojamuhammedov.

Both countries will sign a cooperation agreement during the visit. (ANI)

Vitamin C deficiency may impair newborn babies’ mental development

Washington, Sept 3 (ANI): A new study has revealed that vitamin C deficiency may impair the mental development of newborn babies.

The study showed that guinea pigs, which lack vitamin C, have 30 per cent less hippocampal neurones and significantly worse spatial memory.

According to lead researcher Jens Lykkesfeldt, like guinea pigs, human beings are dependent on getting vitamin C through their diet.

He speculates that vitamin C deficiency in pregnant and breast-feeding women may also lead to impaired development in foetuses and new-born babies.

This vitamin seems quite important to brain activity.

Tests have shown that mouse foetuses that were not able to transport vitamin C develop severe brain damage, which resembles the ones found in premature babies and which is linked to learning and cognitive disabilities later in life.

In some areas in the world, vitamin C deficiency is very common – population studies in Brazil and Mexico have shown that 30 to 40 per cent of the pregnant women have too low levels of vitamin C, and the low level is also found in their foetuses and new-born babies.

“We may thus be witnessing that children get learning disabilities because they have not gotten enough vitamin C in their early life,” said Lykkesfeldt, from Faculty of Life Sciences at University of Copenhagen.

“This is unbearable when it would be so easy to prevent this deficiency by giving a vitamin supplement to high-risk pregnant women and new mothers,” Lykkesfeldt added.

The researchers are currently studying how early in pregnancy vitamin C deficiency affects the embryonic development of guinea pigs and whether the damage may be reversed after birth.

The study appears in American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. (ANI)

Cranberry juice fails to combat urinary tract infections

Washington, August 25 (ANI): Experts have expressed doubts over the use of cranberry juice as a preventative against urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Dr. Raz, Director of Infectious Diseases at the Technion School of Medicine in Israel, said that the present clinical evidence for using cranberry juice and related products to fight the common ailment was ‘unsatisfactory and inconclusive’.

Raz, a member of F1000 Medicine, along with his associate Faculty Member, Hana Edelstein, suggested that “cranberry should no longer be considered as an effective [preventative] for recurrent UTIs.”

The boffins explained that it was difficult to point out a single compound from the hundreds in cranberry to be held responsible for any therapeutic effect, creating a shadow of doubt over its adoption.

Raz and Edelstein also warned that cranberry could also interact badly with other medicines such as Warfarin, commonly used to treat heart disease. (ANI)

IIT-Delhi professors go on mass casual leave demanding pay hike

New Delhi, Aug 25 (ANI): Faculty members of the Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) in Delhi went on mass casual leave on Tuesday protesting disparities in pay.

Earlier, professors at IIT-Madras went on a mass causal leave on Friday, while their colleagues in IIT-Bombay boycotted classes on Monday.

Professors alleged that the Ministry has completely ignored the Mehra Committee recommendations which recommended hikes in pay scale of apex technical educational institutions.

On Friday, HRD Minister Kapil Sibal had said he will discuss the issues raised by IIT professors with officials. (ANI)

Blankets can help prevent brain damage

Washington, July 8 (ANI): Blankets not only help stave off the shivers, they can also offer protection against brain damage, say researchers.

Patients with brain injuries or dangerously high fevers are often cooled to reduce their core body temperature to prevent further damage and aid healing.

But cooling induces shivering, which counteracts to keep the patient’s temperature low, thereby causing physical stress.

It is currently treated with sedatives and other drugs.

However, Andreas Kramer, a member of Faculty of 1000 Medicine and leading expert in the field of critical care medicine, said that simply warming the skin with blanker could decrease shivering in many patients, without the need for drugs.

Physicians at Columbia University and the New York Presbyterian Hospital found that the intensity of shivering and physiological stress increased when warming blankets were removed from therapeutically cooled patients.

And shivering subsided when the blankets were replaced.

Kramer said that though warming the skin did not reduce shivering in all patients, “its simplicity, low cost, widespread availability, lack of adverse effects, and the potential to avoid sedation … make it an attractive treatment option.” (ANI)

Reducing BP below standard target may not offer any benefits

Washington, July 8 (ANI): A new study has revealed that reducing blood pressure below the standard target may not offer any benefits.

Researchers at the University of Costa Rica have found that using antihypertensive drugs to reduce blood pressure below the 140/90 mm Hg does not really reduce death rates or serious morbidity.

“At present there is no evidence from randomized trials to support aiming for a blood pressure target lower than 140/90, in the general population of patients with elevated blood pressure,” said lead researcher Jose Arguedas of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Costa Rica in Costa Rica.

The Cochrane review has cast doubts on the guidelines recommending for lower targets, based on the assumption that “lower is better” when it comes to blood pressure.

The researchers reviewed seven trials, which together involved 22,089 people.

While patients aiming for targets below 135/85 mmHg did succeed in achieving greater reductions in blood pressure than those in the standard target group, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of the number of patients dying or suffering heart attacks, strokes, heart failure or kidney failure.

“Our research included patients with diabetes or chronic renal disease, and the evidence was slightly less robust for those subgroups of patients,” said Arguedas.

“We intend to carry out separate systematic reviews for those subgroups, especially because guidelines recommend even lower blood pressure targets for them” he added. (ANI)

A thirst for blood sparks toxic algal blooms

Washington, July 1 (ANI): Scientists at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden have suggested that toxic algal blooms are created when aggressive algae kill and injure their competitors in order to absorb the nutrients they contain.

“The behaviour of the algae can be compared to that of blood-sucking insects,” said Per Jonsson of the Department of Marine Ecology.

The blooming of toxic algae in the oceans and lakes is a familiar health risk and causes problems every summer, leading to increased costs for water cleaning, water consumption and the tourist industry.

Scientists still do not know why algal blooms arise, and what it is that causes certain species of microalgae to multiply and form dense blooms.

Scientists within the research platform MARICE (Marine Chemical Ecology) at the Faculty of Science, the University of Gothenburg, present a new possible explanation of why algal blooms arise in a study.

Current theory postulates that the algae produce toxins not only in order to inhibit the growth of competing species, but also to protect themselves from predators.

The strategy of inhibiting competitors, however, is difficult to explain from an evolutionary perspective.

The turbulent ocean surface means, quite simply, that it is difficult for one algal species to obtain exclusive rights on the effect of a toxin that inhibits competitors.

The production of the toxin must be explained by other factors.

Marine ecologist Per Jonsson and his colleagues suggest that the inhibition of competitors that previous research had found is only a side-effect of a considerably more aggressive behaviour: toxic algae injure or kill competing algae in order to gain access to the nutrients in their cells.

“The way the algae absorb food is similar to that of blood-sucking insects, such as mosquitoes. Our study shows that this theft of nutrients may be an important mechanism in the formation of blooms of toxic plankton,” said Per Jonsson.

“The results will lead to several further experimental studies, and we hope that these will eventually contribute to solving the mystery of how algal blooms arise,” he added. (ANI)

Childhood physical abuse linked to higher cancer risk in adulthood

Washington, June 26 (ANI): A new study by University of Toronto researchers has revealed that childhood physical abuse is associated with higher risk of cancer in adulthood.

The study has shown that people physically abused in childhood are more likely to develop cancer than those who have not been abused.

Esme Fuller-Thomson of U of T’s Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work and Department of Family and Community Medicine says that childhood physical abuse is associated with 49 per cent higher odds of cancer in adulthood.

“Few talk about childhood physical abuse and cancer in the same breath. From a public health perspective, it’s extremely important that clinicians be aware of the full range of risk factors for cancer. This research provides important new knowledge about a potential childhood abuse-cancer relationship,” says Fuller-Thomson.

In the study, researchers found that the association between childhood abuse and cancer remained significant even after controlling for three major potentially confounding factors: childhood stressors, adult health behaviours (i.e. smoking, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption) and adult socio-economic status.

The study is to be published July 15 in the journal Cancer. (ANI)

Soon, a breath mint made from coffee

Washington, June 25 (ANI): A coffee extract can inhibit the growth of bacteria that leads to bad breath, according to a new research from Tel Aviv University.

New laboratory tests have shown that the extract prevents malodorous bacteria from making their presence felt – or smelt.

“Everybody thinks that coffee causes bad breath and it’s often true, because coffee, which has a dehydrating effect in the mouth, becomes potent when mixed with milk, and can ferment into smelly substances,” says breath specialist Prof. Mel Rosenberg of TAU’s Sackler Faculty of Medicine.

But that is not always true. “Contrary to our expectations, we found some components in coffee that actually inhibit bad breath,” Rosenberg added.

In the laboratory, the researchers monitored the bacterial odour production of coffee in saliva.

In the study, three different brands of coffee were tested: the Israeli brand Elite coffee, Landwer Turkish coffee, and Taster’s Choice.

Rosenberg expected to demonstrate the malodour-causing effect of coffee in an in vitro saliva assay developed by Dr. Sarit Levitan in his laboratory. To his surprise, the extracts had the opposite effect.

“The lesson we learned here is one of humility. We expected coffee would cause bad breath, but there is something inside this magic brew that has the opposite effect,” Rosenberg.

Rosenberg would love to isolate the bacterial-inhibiting molecule in order to reap the biggest anti-bacterial benefits from coffee.

According to researchers, the new study could be the foundation for an entirely new class of mouthwash, breath mints and gum.

Purified coffee extract can be added to a breath mint to stop bacteria from forming, stopping bad breath at its source, instead of masking the smell with a mint flavour, the authors said.

The findings were presented to members of the International Society for Breath Odour Research in Germany. (ANI)

Celebrations at Dr. Manmohan Singh’s college in Amritsar

Amritsar, May 21 (ANI): As the news flashed on television channels with Dr. Manmohan Singh stating that the President Pratibha Patil gave him letter of appointment to take oath as Prime Minister, there was a wave of cheer at the Amritsar’s Hindu college here.

Students and faculty of Hindu College here celebrated on learing the news and everyone here took pride in the fact that Dr. Singh would be Prime Minister for the second time in row on Friday (May 22).

As per the Hindu college’s records Dr. Manmohan Singh studied in this college for three years between 1951-1953. He studied economics under Prof. Santram Kalia and went on to earn worldwide appreciation.

V. P. Lumba, the Principal of Hindu College said, ” It is matter of pride for them that the student of Hindu College is once again becoming the Prime Minister of India.”

Abhinav, a student of college said that he felt proud to be student of the same college where Dr. Manmohan Singh studied.

There are many students at this college today who derive inspiration from Dr. Singh and wish to work hard in life like their role model.

Celebrating the moment, sweets were distributed among student and staff. (ANI)

Now, an ‘elegant’ robotic hand that can gently grasp a raw egg

Washington, May 6 (ANI): Undergraduate students at Virginia Tech’s Robotics and Mechanisms Laboratory have made a robotic hand that can gently grasp a raw egg as successfully as the machine holds a heavy can of food.

They say that the machine called Robotic Air-Powered Hand with Elastic Ligaments (RAPHaEL) is flexible enough for sign language.

The machine has been connected to a compressed air tank. An operator controls the air pressure to manipulate the fingers.

While low air pressure lightens the grip, higher air pressure makes it firmer.

The students have revealed what makes RAPHaEL unique is their decision not to control each finger joint individually, but instead use one motion activator to move all of a finger’s joints.

“It’s a very interesting and novel (method) of actuating fingers in a very simple, elegant, and low-cost way,” National Geographic News quoted faculty adviser and lab director Dennis Hong as saying.

RAPHaEL’s creators believe that the lightweight mechanism, which won first place in the 2008-09 Compressed Air and Gas Institute’s Innovation Awards Contest, may one day lend a hand to sign language programs as well as prosthetics design and other areas of scientific research. (ANI)

Scientists develop microscope capable of ‘super-resolution’ video imaging

Washington, May 5 (ANI): A team of scientists at the University of Georgia (UGA), US, has developed a microscope that is capable of live imaging at double the resolution of fluorescence microscopy using structured illumination.

The fluorescence microscope has allowed a generation of scientists to study the properties of proteins inside cells.

Yet, as human capacity for discovery has zoomed to the nanoscale, fluorescence microscopy has struggled to keep up.

The laws of physics have limited the resolution of fluorescence microscopy, whereby a fluorescent marker is used to distinguish specific proteins, to about 200 nanometers.

At this resolution significant detail is lost about the activity within a cell.

Now, the increased resolution by structured illumination is an engineering feat that will help scientists learn more about cell behavior and study mechanisms important for human disease.

“Our understanding of what is going on inside cells and our ability to manipulate them has advanced so much that it has become more and more important to see them at a better resolution,” said UGA engineer Peter Kner.

Kner built the structured illumination microscope with colleagues at the University of California, San Francisco.

This work follows on at least a decade of research building on the nearly fifty-year history of fluorescence microscopy.

The technology has been a multi-disciplinary springboard of optical engineering, chemistry and biology, in which the disciplines have all contributed to visualizing fluorescent dyes attached to proteins, advancing our understanding of cellular activity.

The importance of fluorescence microscopy was recently recognized with the 2008 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, which was awarded for the development of the green fluorescent protein (GFP), which has played a crucial role in our identification and understanding of proteins.

“What we’ve done is develop a much faster system that allows you to look at live cells expressing GFP, which is a very powerful tool for labeling inside the cell,” Kner explained.

“It would be difficult to overstate the importance of bio-imaging to ongoing research in human health,” said Dale Threadgill, director of the UGA Faculty of Engineering.

“The ability to shine a light on the leading-edge of scientific discovery will define the route to entirely new regimens of health management at the intersections of science and engineering, and Dr. Kner has joined a distinguished cadre at UGA to continue working at that interface,” he added. (ANI)

Introducing ‘congestion pricing’ at airports could help avoid delays

Washington, Apr 23 (ANI): London’s “congestion pricing”-the fee motorists pay to drive into certain parts of the city during peak traffic hours- could solve the problem of flight delays, says an economist at Tel Aviv University.

Dr. Itai Ater, from TAU’s Faculty of Management, is suggesting that introducing “congestion pricing” at airports could save travellers time and airlines money.

“What I propose is a policy to reduce the amount of delays in the airline industry,” said Ater.

In his opinion, airlines that want to use an airport’s runways during the busiest times of the day should pay an additional fee.

And such premium access fee to the runway could reduce airport congestion – and the inevitable delays, as well as the risks, linked with crowded skies.

His suggestions are aimed to save airlines from future catastrophes as airports, and skies, get busier.

He said: “Airport congestion is a big problem in the U.S. and around the world. The estimated annual costs of delays are $10 billion. When there are delays on take off or landing, a cascading effect is created, with lots of associated problems, risks and financial costs.”

Ater, who evaluated flight records from America’s busiest airports for his doctoral thesis at Stanford University, said that some airlines would prefer not to pay the charge and operate during non-congested periods.

As a result, overall congestion would drop.

Currently, airlines at most airports pay for runway use depending on the weight of the aircraft, except for a few such as Chicago O’Hare, where airports use pre-determined slots to determine charges and time of operation.

Ater has warned that not all airports can benefit from his plan.

“At airports where there is a monopoly or almost a monopoly by a single airline, charging a tariff during peak hours has less meaning. In these airports, like those in Atlanta, Charlotte, or Detroit, we already find fewer delays. So why intervene? Individual airlines that dominate an airport do a better job of organizing flights more intelligently and efficiently to reduce the level of delays,” he said.

He will present his advice at the National Bureau of Economic Research conference in Boston this May. (ANI)

Introducing ‘congestion pricing’ at airports could help avoid delays

Washington, Apr 23 (ANI): London’s “congestion pricing”-the fee motorists pay to drive into certain parts of the city during peak traffic hours- could solve the problem of flight delays, says an economist at Tel Aviv University.

Dr. Itai Ater, from TAU’s Faculty of Management, is suggesting that introducing “congestion pricing” at airports could save travellers time and airlines money.

“What I propose is a policy to reduce the amount of delays in the airline industry,” said Ater.

In his opinion, airlines that want to use an airport’s runways during the busiest times of the day should pay an additional fee.

And such premium access fee to the runway could reduce airport congestion – and the inevitable delays, as well as the risks, linked with crowded skies.

His suggestions are aimed to save airlines from future catastrophes as airports, and skies, get busier.

He said: “Airport congestion is a big problem in the U.S. and around the world. The estimated annual costs of delays are $10 billion. When there are delays on take off or landing, a cascading effect is created, with lots of associated problems, risks and financial costs.”

Ater, who evaluated flight records from America’s busiest airports for his doctoral thesis at Stanford University, said that some airlines would prefer not to pay the charge and operate during non-congested periods.

As a result, overall congestion would drop.

Currently, airlines at most airports pay for runway use depending on the weight of the aircraft, except for a few such as Chicago O’Hare, where airports use pre-determined slots to determine charges and time of operation.

Ater has warned that not all airports can benefit from his plan.

“At airports where there is a monopoly or almost a monopoly by a single airline, charging a tariff during peak hours has less meaning. In these airports, like those in Atlanta, Charlotte, or Detroit, we already find fewer delays. So why intervene? Individual airlines that dominate an airport do a better job of organizing flights more intelligently and efficiently to reduce the level of delays,” he said.

He will present his advice at the National Bureau of Economic Research conference in Boston this May. (ANI)

Chemicals could kill most deadly malaria-causing parasite

Washington, April 23 (ANI): A team of British scientists has created chemicals that have the potential to kill the most deadly malaria-causing parasite, Plasmodium falciparum – including those resistant to existing drugs.

Researchers at the University of Leeds say that the compounds work by preventing the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) – essential to the growth of the parasite – from working, which results in its death.

“Without this enzyme, Plasmodium falciparum is unable to grow and therefore it dies. The inhibitors developed at Leeds bind to the DHODH enzyme in the parasite and stop it functioning, preventing the proliferation of the parasites, which live in red blood cells. In addition, our chemicals are equally effective against parasites that have developed resistance to drugs,” lead author Dr Glenn McConkey, from Leeds’ Faculty of Biological Sciences, said.

“DHODH in humans is not an essential enzyme, so by concentrating our studies on it we can develop chemical inhibitors that have a negative impact on the parasite without any major side-effects to the human host. In effect we are exploiting a biological difference, and this will allow us to develop potent, selective inhibitors.

“Our chemicals are particularly exciting as they kill malaria parasites at low concentrations, something that is important for medicines as they are massively diluted on entering the bloodstream and, unlike many pharmaceutical products, we have a firm understanding of the molecular basis of their action. This project highlights the benefits of combining biological and chemistry disciplines,” McConkey added.

Dr McConkey said the next step is to develop a larger collection of potent inhibitors and to see how these chemicals work alongside commonly used treatments.

“The parasites responsible for malaria have been very effective at developing resistance to existing drugs and efforts to find replacements are often stymied by the rate of resistance. Therefore it is essential that new products work effectively in combination with those already on the market,” he said.

The research is published in the latest edition of the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. (ANI)

Rampant alcoholism blamed for ragging in campuses

New Delhi, April 20 (IANS) A panel formed by the Supreme Court to probe the ragging and subsequent death of a Himachal Pradesh medical college student Monday blamed ‘rampant alcoholism’ for the spurt of ragging in educational institutions.

‘One of main reasons for violence (ragging) on the campus is rampant alcoholism, and it is recommended that that de-addiction measures be introduced in educational institutions,’ Additional Solicitor General Gopal Subramanium told a bench of Justice Arijit Pasayat.

Subramaniam made the submission quoting from the recommendations of the Raghvan Committee, which was formed earlier by the court to probe the malady.

The panel, which also included Justice Asok Kumar Ganguly, recommended a host of measures, including setting up of a hotline telephone service for the ragging victims to lodge the complaints or passing on information about ragging activities in educational campuses.

‘The union government in consultation with the University Grants Commission, Medical Council of India and All India Council for Technical Education and other similar regulatory bodies should set up a central crisis-hotline and anti-ragging database’ to be monitored by civil societies, said Subramanium, quoting the panel’s report.

The panel also stressed upon the ‘dire need’ to probe psychological aspect of the phenomena of ragging in educational institutions and sought appointment of a committee of psychologists and mental health experts for the job and to suggest remedial measures to tackle the malady.

‘There is a dire need to examine the psychological aspects of ragging, including its impact on young students and rationale behind seniors’ urge to rag and torment their juniors,’ said Subramaniam.

‘Ragging is similar to child abuse at home or at orphanages. Young men and women who are abused by their seniors under the pretext of ragging believe that the abusers are part of their extended family and automatically, in their minds, it becomes an internal family affair, and hence very rarely do students ever speak out against it,’ said the Raghvan panel report.

Pointing out that ‘substantial research has been carried out in Australia, Canada, the US and Ireland on the impact of abuse in schools, colleges and orphanages and other institutions’, the panel told the court that ‘the psychological scarring of ragging does not go away with time, but continues for many years, possibly through a person’s entire lifespan’.

The panel also doubted the sincerity of Medical Council of India’s efforts in curbing ragging in medical colleges and sought a probe into it.

It favoured entrusting a police station in-charge or the district’s superintendent of police directly liable to punitive measures for his failure to stop ragging in educational institutions within his territorial jurisdiction.

The panel made some Himachal Pradesh-specific suggestions, including appointment of a full-time hostel warden in various colleges educational institutions of the state.

It also favoured a probe into Kangra-based Rajendra Prasad Medical College and Hospital’s former principal Suresh Sankhyan’s ‘role in exacerbating ragging on campus, as well as his suitability as a faculty member and administrator’.

It was in this college that medical student Amann Kachroo had died March 8 following ragging by his four seniors. The apex court had taken note of the incident on its own.

After noting down various recommendations made by the Raghvan panel, the apex court sought the state government’s views to the suggestions and adjourned the mater for hearing on Thursday.
Indo Asian News Service

Cyclones can feed global warming by spurting ice into stratosphere

Washington, April 21 (ANI): Scientists at Harvard University, US, have found that tropical cyclones readily inject ice far into the stratosphere, possibly feeding global warming.

The finding provides more evidence of the intertwining of severe weather and global warming by demonstrating a mechanism by which storms could drive climate change.

Many scientists now believe that global warming, in turn, is likely to increase the severity of tropical cyclones.

“Since water vapor is an important greenhouse gas, an increase of water vapor in the stratosphere would warm the Earth’s surface,” said David M. Romps, a research associate in Harvard’s Department of Earth and Planetary Science.

“Our finding that tropical cyclones are responsible for many of the clouds in the stratosphere opens up the possibility that these storms could affect global climate, in addition to the oft-mentioned possibility of climate change affecting the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones,” he added.

Romps and co-author Zhiming Kuang, assistant professor of climate science in Harvard’s Faculty of Arts and Sciences, were intrigued by earlier data suggesting that the amount of water vapor in the stratosphere has grown by roughly 50 percent over the past 50 years.

Scientists are currently unsure why this increase has occurred.

The Harvard researchers sought to examine the possibility that tropical cyclones might have contributed by sending a large fraction of their clouds into the stratosphere.

Using infrared satellite data gathered from 1983 to 2006, Romps and Kuang analyzed towering cloud tops associated with thousands of tropical cyclones, many of them near the Philippines, Mexico, and Central America.

Their analysis demonstrated that in a cyclone, narrow plumes of miles-tall storm clouds can rise so explosively through the atmosphere that they often push into the stratosphere.

Romps and Kuang found that tropical cyclones are twice as likely as other storms to punch into the normally cloud-free stratosphere, and four times as likely to inject ice deep into the stratosphere.

According to the researchers, if very deep clouds, such as those in a tropical cyclone that can rise through the atmosphere at speeds of up to 40 miles per hour, can punch through the tropopause, they can deposit their ice in the warmer overlying stratosphere, where it then evaporates.

“This suggests that tropical cyclones could play an important role in setting the humidity of the stratosphere,” said Romps and Kuang. (ANI)