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World’s longest running soap comes to an end

September 19, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, September 19 (ANI): The world’s longest running soap opera ‘Guiding Light’, spanning seven-decades and 15,700 episodes, has come to an end.

The American TV programme, which started as a 15-minute daily drama on NBC radio in 1937 before moving to television in 1952, was screened for the last time after a decline in the ratings in recent years.

CBS Senior Vice President Barbara Bloom said the show, that bagged dozens of awards including an Emmy, had set new heights with its treatment of social issues such as cancer, alcoholism and teenage pregnancy.

“No show in daytime or prime time, or anytime, has touched so many millions of viewers across so many years as Guiding Light,” The BBC quoted Barbara as saying.

The show is reportedly set to be replaced by a new edition of game show ‘Let’s Make a Deal’. (ANI)

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Gene linked to male infertility identified

September 17, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, Sept 16 (ANI): Scientists from Virginia Commonwealth University have identified a gene that may contribute to male infertility.

The research team hopes that the new findings would lead to new approaches to male contraception.

Sperm are produced in the testicles through a three-step process called spermatogenesis.

During the final stage, known as spermiogenesis, a lot of changes take place, including the packaging of DNA into the sperm head and the formation of the sperm tail, which propels the sperm cell toward the egg.

The study conducted using mouse model showed that mice lacking a protein called meiosis expressed gene 1, or MEIG1, were sterile as a result of impaired spermiogenesis – the process that encompasses changes in the sperm head and the formation of the tail.

The team also found that MEIG1 associates with the Parkin co-regulated gene protein, or PACRG protein, and that testicular PACRG protein is reduced in MEIG1-deficient mice.

PACRG is thought to play a key role in assembly of the sperm tail, and the reproductive phenotype of PACRG -deficient mice mirrors that of the MEIG1-mutant mice.

“We discovered that MEIG1 is essential for male fertility. Moreover, our findings reveal a critical role for the MEIG1/PACRG partnership in the function of a structure that is unique to sperm, the manchette. The absence of a normal manchette in mice lacking MEIG1 totally disrupts the maturation process of sperm,” said Dr Jerome F. Strauss III, dean in the VCU School of Medicine.

“In addition to having an impact on fertility, the discovery identifies a new target for drug discovery for a much needed reversible male method of contraception,” he added.

The study is published in the Early Edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. (ANI)

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Your bathroom showers are hazardous to health

September 15, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, September 15 (ANI): That invigorating relief and good cleansing from daily bathroom showers may bring along a face full of potentially pathogenic bacteria, warn researchers at the University of Colorado at Boulder.

Using high-tech instruments and lab methods, the researchers analysed roughly 50 showerheads from nine cities in seven states that included New York City, Chicago and Denver.

CU-Boulder Distinguished Professor Norman Pace, lead study author, says that about 30 percent of the devices were found to harbour significant levels of Mycobacterium avium, a pathogen linked to pulmonary disease that most often infects people with compromised immune systems, but which can occasionally infect healthy people.

The study showed that some M. avium and related pathogens were clumped together in slimy “biofilms” that clung to the inside of showerheads at more than 100 times the “background” levels of municipal water.

“If you are getting a face full of water when you first turn your shower on, that means you are probably getting a particularly high load of Mycobacterium avium, which may not be too healthy,” Pace said.

He pointed out that research at National Jewish Hospital in Denver indicated that increases in pulmonary infections in the US in recent decades from so-called “non-tuberculosis” mycobacteria species, such as M. avium, could be attributed to people taking more showers and fewer baths.

He said that water spurting from showerheads could distribute pathogen-filled droplets that suspend themselves in the air, and could easily be inhaled into the deepest parts of the lungs.

“There have been some precedents for concern regarding pathogens and showerheads. But until this study we did not know just how much concern,” said Pace.

In Denver, according to the researcher, one showerhead with high loads of Mycobacterium gordonae was cleaned with a bleach solution in an attempt to eradicate it, but tests conducted several months later showed that the bleach treatment ironically caused a three-fold increase in the pathogen, indicating a general resistance of mycobacteria species to chlorine.

Ask Pace whether it is dangerous to take showers, and he says: “Probably not, if your immune system is not compromised in some way. But it’s like anything else-there is a risk associated with it.”

He stresses that plastic showerheads appear to “load up” with more pathogen-enriched biofilms, and thus metal showerheads may be a good alternative.

“There are lessons to be learned here in terms of how we handle and monitor water. Water monitoring in this country is frankly archaic. The tools now exist to monitor it far more accurately and far less expensively that what is routinely being done today,” said Pace.

A research article on his study has been published in the online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. (ANI)

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New WHO data sheds light on two leading causes of pneumonia

September 12, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, Sep 12 (ANI): New World Health Organization data has highlighted two leading causes of pneumonia, which claims the highest number of lives of children under age 5, both globally and within developing countries like India, Pakistan and Kenya.

The findings could serve as a clarion call to developing country governments to invest in pneumonia prevention programs.

According to the studies, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b [Hib] infections take the lives of an estimated 1.2 million children under age 5 each year.

Although safe and effective vaccines exist to provide protection against both diseases, use of Hib vaccine has only recently expanded to low-income countries and pneumococcal vaccine is not yet included in national immunization programs in the developing world.

In developing countries, children bear the highest risk for pneumonia and that is where most pneumonia-related child deaths occur.

“Our findings underscore the urgent need for prevention efforts throughout the developing world. The need for vaccination and improved treatment is particularly urgent in Africa and Asia, which together account for 95% of all pneumococcal deaths,” Kate O’Brien, primary author of the pneumococcal study, said.

The ten countries with the greatest number and greatest proportion of global pneumococcal cases were in Asia and Africa, and taken together account for 66 percent of cases worldwide.

These countries include India, China, Nigeria, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Ethiopia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya and the Philippines.

“In areas of the world where access to quality care is limited, the use of pneumococcal vaccine is particularly necessary to limit disease and save lives. Implementing pneumococcal vaccine is critical if developing countries are to achieve United Nations Millennium Development Goal 4 for child mortality reduction,” said Thomas Cherian, Coordinator of the WHO Expanded Programme on Immunization.

Through the GAVI Alliance, low income countries can access existing and future pneumococcal vaccines with only a small self-financed contribution of as little as 0.15 dollars per dose.

“If fully rolled out in GAVI-eligible countries, the pneumococcal vaccine could save the lives of more than 440,000 children by 2015. We encourage all developing countries to apply for this support as an important first step to saving children’s lives,” said Dr. Julian Lob-Levyt, CEO of the GAVI Alliance.

Just like pneumococcal disease, the greatest burden of Hib disease lies in Asia and Africa.

The ten countries with the highest estimated number of Hib deaths in 2000 include India, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, China, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Angola and Niger.

“The burden of Hib disease is substantial and almost entirely vaccine preventable. Expanded use of Hib vaccine could reduce the global burden of childhood pneumonia and meningitis and reduce child mortality,” said James Watt at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

The World Health Organization and the GAVI Alliance, which is supporting the Hib Initiative, have been working to expand supplies of Hib vaccine, reduce vaccine cost and assist countries with vaccine introduction.

The WHO data will be published in the upcoming edition of the Lancet. (ANI)

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Novel biosensor can detect typhoid bacteria instantly

September 10, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, Sept 9 (ANI): Scientists from Rovira i Virgili University (URV) in Tarragona have come up with a novel biosensor that can instantly detect Salmonella typhi, the bacteria that causes typhoid fever.

The technique uses carbon nanotubes and synthetic DNA fragments that activate an electric signal when they link up with the pathogen.

“We have developed a new biosensor that can detect extremely low concentrations of bacteria immediately, easily and reliably”, F. Xavier Rius, lead author of the study and a professor in the Chemometrics, Qualimetrics and Nanosensors research group in the Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry Department of the URV, told SINC.

The new biosensor functions using a method, which involves carbon nanotubes with inbuilt aptamers providing electrochemical readings.

According to the researchers, the aptamers are small fragments of artificial DNA or RNA designed to attach themselves specifically to a particular molecule, cell or micro organism, in this case Salmonella.

If the bacteria are not present, the aptamers remain on the walls of the carbon nanotubes.

However, if they detect bacteria, they become activated and stick to it, and the carbon nanotubes generate an electric signal that is picked up by a simple potentiometer connected to the biosensor.

“The presence of the bacteria sparks a change in the interaction between the aptamers and the nanotubes, which takes place in a few seconds and creates an increase in the voltage of the electrode”, said Ruis, who led the research along with researcher Jordi Riu.

“This technique means small quantities of micro organisms can be detected simply and practically in real time, just the same as measuring the pH of water”, Ruis added.

The study appears in the scientific journal Angewandte Chemie International Edition. (ANI)

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Aquaculture accounts for 50 percent of fish consumed globally

September 8, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, September 8 (ANI): A new report by an international team of researchers has determined that aquaculture, once a fledgling industry, now accounts for 50 percent of the fish consumed globally.

The findings are published in the Sept. 7 online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).

“Aquaculture is set to reach a landmark in 2009, supplying half of the total fish and shellfish for human consumption,” according to the authors.

Between 1995 and 2007, global production of farmed fish nearly tripled in volume, in part because of rising consumer demand for long-chain omega-3 fatty acids.

Oily fish, such as salmon, are a major source of these omega-3s, which are effective in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, according to the National Institutes of Health.

“The huge expansion is being driven by demand,” said lead author Rosamond L. Naylor, a professor of environmental Earth system science at Stanford University and director of the Stanford Program on Food Security and the Environment.

“As long as we are a health-conscious population trying to get our most healthy oils from fish, we are going to be demanding more of aquaculture and putting a lot of pressure on marine fisheries to meet that need,” Naylor added.

To maximize growth and enhance flavor, aquaculture farms use large quantities of fishmeal and fish oil made from less valuable wild-caught species, including anchoveta and sardine.

“With the production of farmed fish eclipsing that of wild fish, another major transition is also underway: Aquaculture’s share of global fishmeal and fish oil consumption more than doubled over the past decade to 68 percent and 88 percent, respectively,” said the authors.

In 2006, aquaculture production was 51.7 million metric tons, and about 20 million metric tons of wild fish were harvested for the production of fishmeal.

“It can take up to 5 pounds of wild fish to produce 1 pound of salmon, and we eat a lot of salmon,” said Naylor, the William Wrigley Senior Fellow at Stanford’s Woods Institute for the Environment and Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies.

One way to make salmon farming more environmentally sustainable is to simply lower the amount of fish oil in the salmon’s diet.

According to the authors, a mere 4 percent reduction in fish oil would significantly reduce the amount of wild fish needed to produce 1 pound of salmon from 5 pounds to just 3.9 pounds. (ANI)

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Shakira shows her sexy fashionista side in new mag shoot

September 4, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, Sept 4 (ANI): Columbian pop star Shakira has surprised her fans by dressing up in high end designer labels – a departure from her usual leather outfits, miniskirts and belly shirts – in the latest edition of Vanity Fair magazine.

The “She Wolf” has donned couture from Dior, Chanel and Gaultier for the mag.

Fox News quoted Vanity Fair writer Bruce Handy as saying: “It’s probably her sexiest video to date and also, though I’m not sure this was the intent, her most charmingly corny.

“She shakes and undulates, writhes around in a cage, lets loose with some endearing, halfhearted “awooooo”s, while singing, “There’s a she-wolf in the closet / Let it out so it can breathe.” (ANI)

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Naked Joile’s on-screen lesbian romp unveiled

September 4, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, Sept 4 (ANI): Angelina Jolie bares all for some girl-on-girl action as her raunchy role in 1998 TV movie “Gia” is revived.

The flick features the Oscar winning hottie in some sizzling and sensual scenes with Lost actress Elizabeth Mitchell.

Jolie, 34, and Liz, 39, played lovers in Gia.

Now, film bosses have come up with an uncut, uncensored version of the film, which is based on a real life story, reports the Sun.

The revived edition is an improved high definition video version.

Angelina plays a tragic supermodel Gia Carangia who got contracted HIV due to the use of an infected injection needle and died at 26 in 1986. (ANI)

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Radio Pakistan unhappy over criticism of Jaswant Singh book on Jinnah

September 3, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Abohar, Sep.3 (ANI): The expelled Bharatiya Janata Party leader Jaswant Singh has got a new fan in Punjabi Durbar programme of Radio Pakistan.

In its latest edition, the Punjabi Durbar programme has described all political parties of India be it Bharatiya Janata Party, Congress or Shiv Sena being anti-Pakistan for voicing objection to Jaswant Singh’s book- “Jinnah-India, Partition, Independence”.

In its recent Punjabi Durbar Programme, Radio Pakistan said that Jaswant Singh has paid a huge price for his biography of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan.

Many Indian scholars have expressed sympathy with Jaswant Singh, but have taken exception to Pakistan Radio describing all Indian political parties as anti-Pakistan.

Anil Kumar, a historian and a commentator on current affairs has stated that political parties in India have tried their best to cultivate good relations with Pakistan ever since independence.

“India has been maintaining friendly relationship with Pakistan since 1947. India parted with funds held by united India, when Jinnah demanded it. Even after Pakistani aggression in 1965 and 1971, India returned to Pakistan the territory which was in India’s possession in the hope that there would be cordial relations between the two countries,” he said.

“Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Manmohan Singh have been continuously trying to maintain good relations with Pakistan, but Pakistan continued terrorist attacks in India,” Anil Kumar added.

“India is a secular country. There are more Muslims in India than the total population of Pakistan. Moslems are happy to be in India. Many feel that they are safer than in Pakistan, which is being subjected to violence by the Taliban,” said Anil kumar, who is, an expert on Indo-Pak affairs.

India is continuing talks at different levels despite incidents like Mumbai terror attacks and Pakistan’s ongoing support to militancy in Kashmir.

It is surprising that broadcasters of Radio Pakistan expect political parties in India to sing praise of Jinnah, who was chiefly responsible for the division of the sub-continent on the basis of religious identities.

They accept Jinnah’s contribution during the freedom struggle against the British Raj, but are critical of his role in dividing the country. (ANI)

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Here’s how exposure to diesel fumes causes cancer

September 3, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, September 3 (ANI): American scientists have for the first time shown how exposure to diesel fumes causes cancer.

Qinghua Sun, an assistant professor of Environmental Health Sciences at Ohio State University, says that diesel exhaust has the ability to induce the growth of new blood vessels that serve as a food supply for solid tumours.

The researchers found that in both healthy and diseased animals.

According to them, more new blood vessels sprouted in mice exposed to diesel exhaust than did in mice exposed to clean, filtered air.

They say that this finding indicates that previous illness is not required to make humans susceptible to the damaging effects of the diesel exhaust.

The researchers say that inhaled diesel particles are very tiny in size, which is why they can penetrate the human circulatory system, organs, and tissues.

This suggests that diesel fumes can cause damage just about anywhere in the body, they add.

Diesel exhaust exposure levels in the study were designed to mimic the exposure people might experience while living in urban areas and commuting in heavy traffic.

The levels were lower than or similar to those typically experienced by workers who use diesel-powered equipment, who tend to work in mines, on bridges and tunnels, along railroads, at loading docks, on farms and in vehicle maintenance garages, according to the U.S. Department of Labor.

“The message from our study is that exposure to diesel exhaust for just a short time period of two months could give even normal tissue the potential to develop a tumour,” said Qinghua Sun, senior author of the study.

“We need to raise public awareness so people give more thought to how they drive and how they live so they can pursue ways to protect themselves and improve their health. And we still have a lot of work to do to improve diesel engines so they generate fewer particles and exhaust that can be released into the ambient air,” Sun added.

A research article on the study, supported by Health Effects Institute awards and grants from the National Institutes of Health, has been published in the online edition of the journal Toxicology Letters. (ANI)

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Early life nurturing influences social behaviors in adulthood

September 1, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, Sept 1 (ANI): A new study, conducted by researchers at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, has shown that early life nurturing impacts later life relationships.

The researchers used prairie voles as a model to understand the neurochemistry of social behavior.

Prairie voles are small, highly social, hamster-sized rodents that often form stable, life-long bonds between mates.

By influencing early social experience in prairie voles, researchers gained insight into what aspects of early social experience drive diversity in adult social behavior.

In the wild, there is striking diversity in how offspring are reared. Some pups are reared by single mothers, some by both parents and some in communal family groups.

For the study, Todd Ahern, a graduate student in the Emory University Neuroscience Program, and Larry Young, PhD, professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the Yerkes Research Center and Emory University School of Medicine, compared pups raised by single mothers (SM) to pups raised by both parents (BP) to determine the effects of these types of early social environments on adult social behavior.

“Our findings demonstrate that SM- and BP-reared animals experienced different levels of care during the neonatal period and that these differences significantly influenced bonding social behaviors in adulthood,” Ahern said.

Young added: “These results suggest naturalistic variation in social rearing conditions can introduce diversity into adult nurturing and attachment behaviors. SM-raised pups were slower to make life-long partnerships, and they showed less interest in nurturing pups in their communal families.

The researchers also found differences in the oxytocin system. Oxytocin is best known for its roles in maternal labor and suckling, but, more recently, it has been tied to prosocial behavior, such as bonding, trust and social awareness.

“Very simply, altering their early social experience influenced adult bonding,” Ahern said.

Further studies will look at the altered oxytocin levels in the brain to determine how these hormonal changes affect relationships.

The study is currently available online in a special edition of Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. (ANI)

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Jaswant Singh blames Nehru, Patel for partition on Pak television

August 28, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Islamabad, Aug.28 (ANI): Expelled Bharatiya Janata Party leader Jaswant Singh has once again invited controversy by blaming India’s first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru for the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947.

In an interview with the Dawn News, Singh blamed Pandit Nehru and Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel for the partition and creation of Pakistan.

Referring to Nehru’s Tryst with destiny speech, Singh said it was nothing short of double standard as Nehru himself talked of secularism while contributing to the country’s division along with Sardar Patel on grounds of so called ‘faith’.

Singh claimed that later Nehru had himself admitted of being responsible for the partition.

It is worth mentioning here that Jaswant Singh’s book ‘Jinnah: ndia-Partition-Independence’ which saw him being expelled from the BJP after serving it for nearly 30 years has received an overwhelming response in Pakistan.

Singh, in his book, has glorified Jinnah while blaming Sardar Patel for the country’s division in 1947.

The book quotes Singh as saying that Jinnah did not win Pakistan, rather Nehru and Patel conceded Pakistan to Jinnah with the help of the British.

Meanwhile, authorities have denied permission to Singh to visit Pakistan to launch his book. However, Singh’s son Manvendra Singh said his father has not applied for a visa, and as far as he knew.

He also rejected reports that there was a different Pakistan edition of the book. (ANI)

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McCartney says death rumours led people to think he was an impostor

August 27, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, Aug 27 (ANI): Sir Paul McCartney has disclosed that people often checked him over to make sure he wasn’t an impostor after the circulation of a conspiracy theory which claimed he had died in the 1960s.

About 40 years ago rumours about the former Beatle’s death in a 1966 accident had gained currency and conspiracy theorists proved the death with clues appearing on the cover of The Beatles’ last recorded album Abbey Road.

The Telegraph quoted McCartney as saying: “I think the worst thing that happened was that I could see people sort of looking at me more closely – ‘were his ears always like that?”"

The story, which still remains a popular Google search, circulated in October 1969 after a Detroit DJ claimed the Beatles had recruited a McCartney look-alike William Campbell, after the bass player’s death.

The cover of Abbey Road featured a bare footed McCartney and many believed this to hint dropped by the Beatles that the fourth member of the band was not alive.

The act was said to be the representation of a funeral procession and a car’s number plate with ’28IF’ was believed to refer to McCartney’s age had he been alive.

McCartney told the October edition of Mojo magazine: “It was funny really, but ridiculous. It’s an occupational hazard – people make up a story, and then you find yourself having to deal with this fictitious stuff.”

The star even explained the clues: “I knew why I’d had bare feet – ‘cos I’d kicked off my sandals. I knew the car that said ’28IF’ was a completely random car that had just been parked. It was madness.”

The Beatles’ original studio albums and Abbey Road are scheduled to be re-released in a remastered version on September 9. (ANI)

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Gene breakthrough could banish inherited diseases

August 27, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, Aug 26 (ANI): Researchers at Oregon Health and Science University’s Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC) have developed a new technique that could banish a host of crippling inherited diseases forever.

The landmark research raises the prospect of wiping out diseases passed on from mothers to their children through mutated DNA in cell mitochondria.

“We believe this discovery in nonhuman primates can rapidly be translated into human therapies aimed at preventing inherited disorders passed from mothers to their children through the mitochondrial DNA, such as certain forms of cancer, diabetes, infertility, myopathies and neurodegenerative diseases,” said Shoukhrat Mitalipov, from Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU).

Mitochondria are structures that are found in all cells that provide energy for cell growth and metabolism, which is why they are often called the cell’s “power plant.”

The structures produce energy to power each individual cell. Mitochondria also carry their own genetic material.

When an egg cell is fertilized by a sperm cell during reproduction, the embryo almost exclusively inherits the maternal mitochondria present in the egg. This means that any disease-causing genetic mutations that a mother carries in her mitochondrial DNA can be passed on to her offspring.

OHSU researchers’ method transfers the mother’s chromosomes to a donated egg that has had its chromosomes removed, but which has healthy mitochondria, thereby preventing the disease from being passed on to one’s offspring.

During the research, scientists collected groups of unfertilized eggs from two female rhesus macaque monkeys (monkeys A and B). They then removed the chromosomes, which contain the genes found in the cell nucleus, from the eggs of monkey B, and then transplanted the nuclear genes from the eggs of monkey A into the eggs of monkey B.

Then the eggs from monkey B, which now contained their own mitochondria but monkey A’s nuclear genes, were fertilized. The fertilized eggs developed into embryos that were implanted in surrogate monkeys.

The initial implantation of two embryos resulted in the birth of healthy twin monkeys. These monkeys are the world’s first animals derived by spindle transfer.

Follow-up testing showed that there was little to no trace of cross-animal mitochondrial transfer using this procedure. This shows that the researchers were successful in isolating nuclear genetic material from mitochondrial genetic material during the transfer process.

“In theory, this research has demonstrated that it is possible to use this therapy in mothers carrying mitochondrial DNA diseases so that we can prevent those diseases from being passed on to their offspring,” Mitalipov said.

“We believe that with the proper governmental approvals, our work can rapidly be translated into clinical trials for humans, and, eventually, approved therapies,” Mitalipov added.

The research has been published in the Aug. 26 advance online edition of the journal Nature. (ANI)

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Heavy drinking ‘cuts dementia risk’

August 27, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, Aug 27 (ANI): People who drink up to 28 drinks a week in later life are less likely to develop dementia than people who abstain from alcohol consumption, according to a new study.

Professor Kaarin Anstey, from Canberra’s Australian National University, and colleagues compiled data from 15 international studies, including responses from more than 10,000 people.

They found that drinkers are better off when it comes to developing diseases affecting cognitive function, reports the Daily Telegraph.

The researchers found that those aged 60 and older who consumed between one and 28 alcoholic drinks each week, were almost 30 per cent less likely to have Alzheimer’s later on in life.

Light and moderate drinkers were also 25 per cent less likely to contract vascular dementia, and 26 per cent less likely to suffer from any form of dementia, the authors found.

The odds improved even more when comparing just drinkers with non-drinkers and ignoring exactly how much people consumed.

However, Anstey warned that this was not encouragement for people to start swilling 28 glasses of alcohol a week.

Even though, the study found imbibers, in general, had a 47 per cent reduced risk of contracting dementia compared with teetotalers, down to 44 per cent for Alzheimer’s.

Anstey said that there was a clear link between drinking and a reduced risk of dementia.

The researchers also found that the relationship between drinking and dementia was the same for men and women.

Although it was unclear exactly why light drinking provoked such a benefit, Anstey suggested that it might have something to do with alcohol’s ‘protective effect’ on reducing inflammation and heart disease.

The report was published in the July edition of the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. (ANI)

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By 2015, 2 million people would die annually from tobacco-induced cancers

August 26, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, Aug 26 (ANI): By 2015, at least 2.1 million people will die each year because of tobacco-induced cancers, revealed The Tobacco Atlas, Third Edition.

Published by the American Cancer Society and World Lung Foundation, the Atlas has estimated that tobacco use kills some six million people each year (more than a third of whom will die from cancer), and drains 500 billion dollars annually from global economies.

The Atlas graphically displays how tobacco is devastating both global health and economies, especially in middle- and low-resource countries, and tracks progress and outcomes in tobacco control.

Not only the death toll due to tobacco-induced cancers will go around 2 million by 2015, the Atlas predicted that by 2030, 83 percent of these deaths will occur in low and middle-income countries.

However, unlike other cancer-causing agents, the danger of tobacco is completely preventable through proven public policies.

Major measures include tobacco taxes, advertising bans, smokefree public places, and effective health warnings on packages.

These cost-effective policies are among those included in the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), a global treaty endorsed by more than 160 countries, and recommended by the World Health Organization MPOWER policy package.

The Atlas revealed that the global economy lost a staggering 500 billion dollars due to tobacco use.

These economic costs come as a result of lost productivity, misused resources, missed opportunities for taxation, and premature death.

The Atlas revealed that in 2006, about 600 billion smuggled cigarettes made it to the market, representing an enormous missed tax opportunity for governments, as well as a missed opportunity to prevent many people from starting to smoke and encourage others to quit.

Tobacco replaces potential food production on almost 4 million hectares of the world’s agricultural land, equal to all of the world’s orange groves or banana plantations.

In developing countries, smokers spend disproportionate sums of money relative to their incomes that could otherwise be spent on food, healthcare, and other necessities.

The Tobacco Atlas established an undeniable trend-the tobacco industry has shifted its marketing and sales efforts to countries that have less effective public health policies and fewer tobacco control resources in place:

It predicted that in 2010, 72 percent of those who die from tobacco related illnesses would be in low- and middle-income countries.

It revealed that since 1960 global tobacco production has increased three-fold in low- and middle-resource countries while halving in high-resource countries.

“The Tobacco Atlas is crucial to helping advocates in every nation get the knowledge they need to combat the most preventable global health epidemic,” said Dr. John R. Seffrin, chief executive officer, American Cancer Society.

The Tobacco Atlas was unveiled at the LIVESTRONG Global Cancer Summit. (ANI)

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Artificial red blood cells a step closer

August 25, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Melbourne, Aug 24 (ANI): A team of Australian scientists has genetically modified human embryonic stem cells to glow red when they develop into premature red blood cells.

The breakthrough is seen as the next step in producing artificial blood.

Dr Andrew Elefanty at Monash University in Melbourne and his colleagues inserted specific genes that code for colour, into the DNA of a manufactured stem cell line.

Stem cells are the template from which all cell types in the body form.

He says the coloured genes, known as ‘reporters’, highlight the emergence of certain cell types.

“What we’ve said to the stem cells is when you’re going to turn on the gene for globin we want you to also turn on a red light,” ABC Science quoted Elefanty as saying.

He says fluorescing cells are a useful tool to help work out the best way to engineer specific cells.

“We learn what the right growth enhancing substances are that the body normally uses and we put those into the laboratory,” he said.

Elefanty says fluorescing cells also allows scientists to monitor the cells when they’ve been injected into animals.

“Sometimes it’s not that easy to tell the difference between the ones you put in and the ones that were already there,” he said.

The researchers are hoping the development of glowing stem cell lines will help them work out how to develop mature red blood cells faster.

However, Elefanty says they are still a way off producing artificial blood that could be used in human blood transfusions.

He and his colleagues are working with Queensland researchers to develop ways to mature the cells, but there are still many issues to resolve.

“We’ve got to make sure the cells are safe, that they don’t keep growing and form tumours and that the immune system doesn’t reject them,” he said.

The research has been published in today’s edition of Nature Methods. (ANI)

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Andy Roddick stalked his wife

August 22, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, Aug 22 (ANI): Tennis ace Andy Roddick’s wife Brooklyn Decker has revealed that her husband ‘stalked’ her.

The 22-year-old fashion model caught Roddick’s attention when he saw her in the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Edition.

“He was the first to admit that he kind of stalked me,” the Daily Express quoted her as telling GQ.

“But his line was, ‘It’s only stalking if the other person doesn’t like it’,” she added. (ANI)

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Bird flu virus strain leaves survivors at increased Parkinson’s disease risk

August 20, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, August 20 (ANI): An animal study conducted by experts at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital has suggested that at least one strain of the H5N1 avian influenza virus leaves survivors at significantly increased risk for Parkinson’s disease, and possibly other neurological problems later in life.

In their study report, the researchers write that mice that survived infection with an H5N1 flu strain were found to be more likely than uninfected mice to develop brain changes associated with neurological disorders like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases.

Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s involve loss of brain cells crucial to a variety of tasks, including movement, memory and intellectual functioning.

The researchers say that their study has shown that the H5N1 flu strain causes a 17 percent loss of the same neurons lost in Parkinson’s as well as accumulation in certain brain cells of a protein implicated in both diseases.

“This avian flu strain does not directly cause Parkinson’s disease, but it does make you more susceptible,” said Dr. Richard Smeyne, associate member in St. Jude Developmental Neurobiology.

“Around age 40, people start to get a decline in brain cells. Most people die before they lose enough neurons to get Parkinson’s. But we believe this H5N1 infection changes the curve. It makes the brain more sensitive to another hit, possibly involving other environmental toxins,” Smeyne added.

Smeyne revealed that the study focused on a single strain of the H5N1 flu virus, the A/Vietnam/1203/04 strain, and that the threat posed by other viruses, including the current H1N1 pandemic flu virus, was still being studied.

During the study, the researchers infected some mice with an H5N1 flu strain isolated in 2004 from a patient in Vietnam, which is still considered to be the most virulent of the avian flu viruses.

About two-thirds of the mice developed flu symptoms, primarily weight loss. After three weeks, there was no evidence of H5N1 in the nervous systems of the mice that survived.

However, the inflammation triggered by the infection within the brain continued for months, and it was found to be quite similar to inflammation associated with inherited forms of Parkinson’s.

Although the tremor and movement problems disappeared as flu symptoms eased, the researchers reported that 60 days later, mice had lost roughly 17 percent of dopamine-producing cells in SNpc, a structure found in the midbrain.

They also found evidence that the avian flu infection led to over-production of a protein found in the brain cells of individuals with both Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.

“The virus activates this protein,” Smeyne said.

The study has been reported in the online early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. (ANI)

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Stressed crops emit more methane emissions than previously thought

August 18, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, August 18 (ANI): Scientists at the University of Calgary (U of C) in Canada have found that methane emission by stressed crops could be a bigger problem in global warming than previously thought.

According to a U of C study, when crops are exposed to environmental factors that are part of climate change – increased temperature, drought and ultraviolet-B radiation – some plants show enhanced methane emissions.

Methane is a very potent greenhouse gas; 23 times more effective in trapping heat than carbon dioxide (CO2).

“Most studies just look at one factor. We wanted to mix a few of the environmental factors that are part of the climate change scenario to study a more true-to-life impact climate change has on plants,” said David Reid, a professor in the Department of Biological Sciences, who co-authored a paper with research associate Mirwais Qaderi in the advanced on-line edition of the journal Physiologia Plantarum.

Reid and Qaderi analyzed methane emissions from six important Canadian crops – faba bean, sunflower, pea, canola, barley and wheat – that were exposed to combinations of three components of global climate change: temperature, ultraviolet-B radiation and water stress (drought).

What they found was troubling.

These stresses caused plants to emit more methane. In a warmer, drier world, methane might be a bigger contributor in global warming than previously thought.

When it comes to the greenhouse effect, methane could be considered the misunderstood and often overlooked orphan greenhouse gas.

Much of the attention has been focused on carbon dioxide, but more recently it has been realized that methane should also be considered as a very significant greenhouse gas.

Its concentrations have more than doubled since pre-industrial times.

While the growth rate of methane concentrations has slowed since the early 1990s, some scientists say this is only a temporary pause.

“Our results are of importance in the whole climate warming discussion because methane is such a potent greenhouse warming gas,” said Qaderi.

“It points to the possibility of yet another possible feedback phenomena which could add to global warming,” he added. (ANI)

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Andy Roddick stalked his wife

Bird flu virus strain leaves survivors at increased Parkinson’s disease risk

Stressed crops emit more methane emissions than previously thought

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