Snap Analysis: North Korea’s Kim turns to family, old guard

(Reuters) – North Korea’s rubber-stamp parliament named leader Kim Jong-il’s brother-in-law to the post of vice chairman of the National Defense Commission, possibly making him the second most powerful man in the reclusive state.

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It also dismissed the prime minister, seen as the main economic policy official, and replaced him with another member of the old guard and a confidant of the Kim dynasty.

Here are some implications of the reshuffle announced at a rare session of the assembly, which Kim has attended.

U.S. actor John Forsythe dies, 92

LOS ANGELES, April 2 (Reuters) – Actor John Forsythe, who enjoyed a long career on stage, film and on television shows such as “Dynasty,” has died, his family said in a statement on Friday. He was 92.

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“The family of John Forsythe sadly announces his passing on April 1, 2010. He was 92 years old and, thankfully, he died as he lived his life … with dignity and grace, after a year-long struggle with cancer,” the statement said.

(Reporting by Bob Tourtellotte; Editing by Sandra Maler)

Joan Collins once snorted cocaine

London, March 27 (ANI): English actress Joan Collins has confessed that she once snorted cocaine but found it horrible.

The ‘Dynasty’ star, 76, insisted she is totally against the use of drugs.

She also referred to her third husband Ron Kass, the former chief of Apple records, who fought against cocaine.

“It’s extremely sad, anybody that ruins their life by drugs,” the Daily Express quoted her as telling Piers Morgan on ITV’s Life Stories.

She added: “I am so anti-drugs. I have never taken… Well, once somebody forced me to take some coke and it was just so horrible.”

The incident apparently occurred in the late 1960s at a nightclub in St Tropez.

Collins mentioned that she has always taken care of her body.

She said: “I’d rather just grow old gracefully, while fighting all the way. I have always, always, always used make-up and kept my face out of the sun since I was 20.” (ANI)

Expanding BJP’s base will be priority, says Nadda

Shimla, March 16 (IANS) Expanding the Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP) support base to bring it back to power is the main priority, said Himachal Pradesh Forest Minister J.P. Nadda said, after being named a party general secretary.

Talking to reporters here, Nadda said: ‘We will try to strengthen the party by expanding its cadre, their ideological grooming and making it fit to rule the country and give the best possible governance.

‘Our president (Nitin Gadkari) has laid down the roadmap and we will try to implement it across the country. Our main priority would be to form the next government at the centre,’ he said.

Nadda, who started his political career as a student leader in 1978, said the new list of office bearers has people from across the country.

‘It is a balanced list where all sections have been given due representation. Special emphasis has been given to the youth to infuse new spirit in the party. On the whole, it’s a mixture of young and the old and experienced people,’ he said.

Nadda emphasised that the BJP was not a party controlled by a family or dynasty.

‘In the Congress, now Rahul Gandhi is a young leader, so everybody is talking about the need to induct young leaders. Our party has taken care of the youth since its inception.’

Cats eager to re-sign finals hero Lisch

Perth’s hierarchy will move quickly to re-sign Kevin Lisch after the US import starred in the Wildcats’ 96-72 title-winning NBL triumph over Wollongong Hawks on Friday night.

But whether or not the Cats ink a new deal with Lisch, they will lose 36-year-old journeyman Martin Cattalini who retired after snaring his fourth Championship ring.

Lisch drained 29 points and nailed five of nine three-pointers, including one from three metres behind the arc on the three-quarter time buzzer, to lead Perth to the crushing victory in the deciding game three.

The 23-year-old, who scored 15 points in game one and 11 in game two, was named the grand final MVP and coach Rob Beveridge confirmed Lisch was a wanted man at Perth.

“He was everything I was looking for in terms of the work ethic, the attitude, the character,” he said.

“He’s still young and only going to improve.

“Kevin’s earned his right to continue for sure.”

But while Beveridge is confident of locking in his uncontracted players as he attempts to create a dynasty, Hawks coach Gordie McLeod is unsure whether he will be able to do the same.

“I would say it would be pretty hard for us to do that [keep this squad together] because with another team coming in I think a lot of players on the team this year have proven they can play at this level,” McLeod said.

“We only spent just over $700,000 on the cap this year so the guys aren’t playing for big bucks, they play from the heart.

“I think a lot of clubs will want to come and get some players but we’ll sit down with all our guys in the coming week and we’ll talk about the future.”

McLeod said he was confident the club, which was on the verge of folding less than 12 months ago, would continue into next season.

“We’ve done all we can do and now it’s a matter of waiting to see what decisions are made,” he said.

The Hawks led by 11 points early in the second quarter but Lisch and Damian Martin (17 points) turned the tide Perth’s way.

The home side erased the deficit in just four minutes before sealing the win with a dominant 31-15 third quarter.

Cattalini told his team-mates of his decision to retire on Thursday and Beveridge used the announcement as extra motivation.

“We spoke as a group that we wanted to do it for ourselves but said let’s do it for Martin as well,” Beveridge said.

“He’s an icon in the NBL … he was a huge part of our group and we’re going to miss him immensely.”

Beveridge, who almost left Australia after a horror run at the now-defunct Sydney Spirit last season when he was not even being paid at times, admitted his Wildcats unit had exceeded all expectations.

“When we put the team together it was about two or three years down the track,” he said.

“The way everything is run [at Perth] has put me in a position to be able to excel and I’m extremely thankful because I was at the bottom of the basketball doldrums, it was really bad.

“I was out of here and to be thrown a lifeline in Perth and to achieve this … it’s unbelievable.”

- AAP

Nine-day ‘Navratri’ festival begins all over India

New Delhi/ Faizabad/Allahabad, Sept 19 (ANI): The nine-day ‘Navratri’ festival began across India with religious fervour on Saturday.

Thousands of devotees queued up at various temples dedicated to Goddess Durga.

In New Delhi, devotees converged at Jhandewalan to offer prayers prior to dawn and observed fast throughout the day.

“We observe fast on the first day of Navratri. On the first day, we pray for the whole day and meditate on Goddess Durga,” said Madan Gehlot, a devotee.

Meanwhile, at Faizabad in Uttar Pradesh, people made a beeline to the temple of Goddess Badi Devkali.

The devotees believe their wishes are fulfilled if they pray to Goddess Badi Devkali during the festival.

“People believe that coming here redeems them from their sins. Since the Goddess Devkali is the deity of Lord Rama’s dynasty, her significance is all the more. That’s why people come here to offer prayers to the Goddess,” said Poonam, a devotee.

Earlier on Friday, a day prior to the commencement of Dusshera, a unique annual horse procession was taken out through the streets of Allahabad.

The belief is that the horse representing sage Vyasa would relate the Ramayana.

Musical bands led the attractively decorated white horse procession organised by a leading Ram Lila committee of the city.

“Legend says that when Maharishi Valmiki narrated the story of Lord Rama to Luv and Kush then this horse standing next to them also listened to the story. The horse in the form of sage Vyasa tells the story of Rama to people during the Navratri celebrations,” said Ajay Kumar Shukla, secretary, Ramlila Committee.

“Naaratri”, which literally means nine nights, is observed twice a year.

The festival lasts for nine days in honour of nine manifestations of Durga, goddess of power, and fall in the months of April-May and September-October.

It is believed that during the Navratri, Goddess Durga descends on earth to rid it of the demons and blesses her devotees with happiness and prosperity. (ANI)

MJ’s brothers film new reality TV show

Washington, September 19 (ANI): Michael Jackson’s brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine and Marlon have been filming a new reality TV show.

Tito revealed the first episode of ‘The Jackson Dynasty’ was shot in March, three months before the King of Pop died.

“It basically shows the insides of the Jackson brothers, what they are about, what they are about musically, their recording and their personal life as well as their public life, as you guys know it,” Contactmusic quoted him as telling BBC6 Music

“We’ve had cameras follow us our whole entire lives, so that part of it is no problem. I have nothing in my life that I need to hide or whatever so I’m good with it. If anything, they’re gonna see how many girlfriends I have,” he added.

The series, based on the brothers as they prepared for a Jackson 5 reunion tour, will air later this year. (ANI)

Farmers grew rice in China’s Yangtze Basin 4,000 years ago

Washington, September 18 (ANI): New findings in the form of carbonized rice have indicated that farming in the Yangtze Basin in China existed as early as 4,000 years ago.

According to a report in Epoch Times, excavation in the Xiezi Area of Hubei Province yielded a total of 402 cultural relics, including carbonized rice.

Stone tools, pottery, bronze, jade and porcelain were unearthed, as well as a number of spinning wheels, drop spindles made of clay and other textile tools.

There were also stone mounds and smelting relics such as slag.

A variety of grains and seeds were found, and experts believe there may be carbonized wheat among the plant findings at the site.

The relics were determined to be from the Neolithic Era or New Stone Age at the time of the Shang Dynasty (ca. 1600-1050 B.C.) and Western Zhou Dynasty (ca. 1046-771 B.C.)

The combination of the relics that were found and their stratigraphic age provides valuable information about the diet structure, production methods, and living conditions of the inhabitants of the area during the time of the Shang and Western Zhou dynasties.

Archeological team leader, Luo Yunbin explained that there had been speculation in the past about edible rice production in the Yangtze Basin, but the new findings provide solid physical evidence that there was agricultural development in that area during ancient times. (ANI)

Ancient book of Buddhism chantings found in Korean temple

Seoul, September 16 (ANI): Archaeologists have uncovered an ancient Chinese book of Buddhism chantings in a Korean temple.

According to a report in Korea Times, the Hangeul copy of an ancient Chinese book, which contains the notes of the Joseon Kingdom (1392-1910) scholar Kim Si-seup, was discovered at Baekryunam, Haein Temple.

The book was originally written by a Buddhist master from the Tang Dynasty (618-907) and dates back to the 16th century.

“We discovered the ‘shiphyeondam eonhaebon’ while we were examining the library of Ven. Seong Cheol (1912-1993) at Baekryunam, Haein Temple, in April this year,” Ven. Won Taek said at a press conference at the Jogye Order, northern Seoul.

“It’s a rare book ? perhaps even the only copy ? that is not included in the Natural Treasures list nor on the lists of national libraries and university libraries,” he said.

An eonhae copy, or eonhaebon, is a book or writing that contains the literal translation of a sentence in Chinese to Hangeul, or Korean.

It is different from the normal translation books as it features a word-for-word translation, and is far removed from the Hangeul sentences used today.

‘Shiphyeondam’ refers to the 10 songs and poems made to praise Buddha’s teachings, written by Tang Dynasty Buddhist master Dongan Sangchal of the Jodong Order of Zen Buddhism, a sect of the religion in China.

The songs are comprised of seven Chinese characters and contain the traditions and the practices of the Jodong Order.

Ven. Won Taek explained that the discovery was meaningful as the book was from the 16th century. Most of the eonhaebons known today are from the 15th century.

“We found many precious ancient books and eonhaebons while examining the library and we will apply these artifacts as Natural Treasures after examining the value of them. We will also make photo prints of the eonhaebons for ancient hangeul and writing experts to use them as research material,” he said. (ANI)

New discovery hints ancient Egypt and Israel had ties during Early Bronze Age

Jerusalem, Sept 2 (ANI): The discovery of a rare, four-centimeter-long stone fragment at the point where the Jordan River exits Lake Kinneret, has suggested a link between ancient Egypt and Israel around 3,000 BCE during the Early Bronze Age.

According to a report in the Jerusalem Post, Tel Aviv University (TAU) and University College London archeologists found the fragment.

The piece, part of a carved stone plaque bearing archaic Egyptian signs, was the highlight of the second season of excavations at Tel Bet Yerah (Khirbet el-Kerak). he site lies along an ancient highway that connected Egypt to the wider world of the ancient Near East.

The dig, carried out within the Beit Yerah National Park, was completed there last week by a joint team headed by TAU’s Raphael Greenberg and David Wengrow from England.

Earlier discoveries, both in Egypt and at Bet Yerah, have indicated that there was direct interaction between the site – then one of the largest in the Jordan Valley – and the Egyptian royal court.

The new discovery suggests that these contacts were of far greater local significance than had been suspected.

The archeologists noted that the fragment, which depicts an arm and hand grasping a scepter and an early form of the ankh sign, was the first artifact of its type ever found in an archaeological site outside Egypt.

It has been attributed to the period of Egypt’s First Dynasty, at around 3000 BCE.

Finds of this nature are rare even within Egypt itself, and the signs are executed to a high quality, as good as those on royal cosmetic palettes and other monuments dating to the origins of Egyptian kingship.

This year’s excavations also provided new insights into contacts between the early town and the distant north, when large quantities of “Khirbet Kerak Ware” (a distinctive kind of red/black burnished pottery first found at Tel Bet Yerah) were found in association with portable ceramic hearths, some of them bearing decorations in the form of human features.

“The hearths are very similar to objects found in Anatolia and the southern Caucasus, and most were found in open spaces where there was other evidence for fire-related activities,” noted Greenberg.

“The people using this pottery appear to have been migrants or descendants of migrants, and its distribution on the site, as well as the study of other cultural aspects, such as what they ate and the way they organized their households, could tell us about their interaction with local people and their adaptation to new surroundings,” he added. (ANI)

Origins of ancient Chinese civilization under reconsideration

Washington, August 21 (ANI): Recent archaeological discoveries from far-flung corners of China are forcing scientists to reconsider the origins of ancient Chinese civilization.

A group of articles by Science news writer Andrew Lawler have explored how, over several millennia, China evolved from a much wider array of peoples and cultures than once imagined.

Lawler crisscrossed China recently for three weeks, traveling from the country’s steamy southeastern plains to the rugged westernmost province of Xinjiang, interviewing dozens of archaeologists at a host of sites.

This special news package puts a spotlight on how the various archaeological findings of the past decade are challenging what the Chinese people once thought about their country and themselves.

The wealth of these recent archaeological discoveries demands a re-write of some history books – and young scholars are even now questioning the existence of a legendary Chinese dynasty, the Xia.

Less willing to take ancient texts at face value than their predecessors, this new generation of Chinese researchers is relying on physical data – and more “Western” methods – in their attempts to accurately retrace Chinese history.

“The exciting discoveries made recently across China, coupled with the country’s fast-paced development, make this an opportune time to dig into new questions about China’s origins, the state of its threatened ancient sites, and the increasing expertise of its archaeologists,” said Lawler, author of the Science news package.

Lawler’s special news package on Chinese archaeology covers the accidental discovery and later excavation of Jinsha, an ancient site located near downtown Chengdu in Sichuan, and about 600 miles (1000 kilometers) from the traditional center of Chinese civilization along the Yellow River.

Long assumed to have been a cultural backwater, researchers have only recently gleaned the real history of Sichuan’s surprisingly ancient and rich culture, which is thousands of years older than they had once believed.

These recent discoveries have led Chinese researchers to acknowledge significant outside influence on their ancient culture, breaking an old taboo put in place when China was largely closed to the outside world. (ANI)

India’s Parsis celebrate ‘Navroz’

Mumbai, Aug 19 (ANI): India’s Zoroastrian Parsi community celebrated the New Year day, ‘Navroz’, with usual fervour here on Wednesday.

Members of the miniscule Parsi community flocked at the Fire Temple to pay respects to their prophet Zarathushtra.

The Parsi New Year is marked by joyous fervour and gaiety.

On this day, Parsis decorate their homes with “torans” or floral garlands and chalk designs. An important part of the celebrations is also the get-togethers with friends and family.

Ten days prior to their New Year, the Parsis have prayers for the dead as they believe the spirits of the dead are present at this time and if remembered, shower their blessings. These prayers are conducted at all fire temples in the city.

“On those ten days, we generally have prayers in our fire temple, which we normally attend. We offer them flowers. We, Parsi, believe in those days, the departed souls come down. We want their blessings at that time. So, we have our prayers and all that,” said Shenaz, a Parsi woman.

The day before ‘Navroz’ is ‘Pateti’ when Parsis dwell on the wrongs or the sins committed by them the previous year. Navroz is also the first day of the first month of the Zoroastrian year.

“It’s the same belief to have when you go and pray in a church. It’s basically you go to pray our prophet, to god to ask him to protect you, protect your family and everything runs smoothly for the year ahead,” said Jahadastoor, a Parsi youth.

Zoroastrianism, the religion of the Parsi community, is one of the oldest revealed religions in the world and the basic tenet is the law of purity and righteousness.

Zoroastrians worship all the natural elements but the most important is fire.

It is estimated that there are 150,000 Parsis in the world, and about 50,000 of them are settled in Mumbai.

According to legend 3000 years ago, Shah Jamshed of the Peshadian dynasty ascended the throne on “Navroz’- ‘nav’ meaning new and ‘roz’ meaning day.

This particular day also came to be known as Jamshed Navroz and is celebrated even in modern times with lot of feasting. (ANI)

CT scans deepen murder mystery of 1,700-year-old mummy

London, July 10 (ANI): The murder mystery of a 1,700-year-old Graeco-Roman mummy has deepened, with CT scans revealing that a ‘metallic’ object stuck in its neck is in fact one of three or four fragments lodged in the base of the skull.

According to a report by Sky News, the 1,700-year-old mummy was scanned along with two other Egyptian mummies from Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, in a quest for more information on the circumstances surrounding their deaths.

The scans were arranged by Bob Loynes, previously an orthopaedic consultant at Mid-Staffs Hospital, UK, and a keen Egyptologist.

In the past, it has been necessary to unwrap mummies to carry out investigations, but this risky process can now be avoided.

“The opportunity to help with the further investigation of these mummies was a very exciting one for me,” Loynes said.

“The CT Scans have shown amazing details, which have produced as many questions as they have given answers,” he added.

Scans of the second mummy, that of Padimut, priest of the goddess Mut and probably of the 21st Dynasty (1085-935 BC), showed evidence of high quality mummification, including removal of the brain and plates in front of the eyes.

Investigations into the third mummy threw up another mystery.

The mummy, from the Namenkhetamun of the 26th Dynasty (664-525BC), was described as ‘the daughter of Amunkhau’ on the coffin lid.

But, the scan has revealed the mummy is male.

Researchers also discovered another mystery – an unexplained hole in the mummy’s back, about the size of a fist.

According to curator Adam Jaffer, “This scanning has produced views of the museum’s mummies which have never been seen before. We have been able to ‘virtually unwrap’ them without causing any damage.”

“However, scanning poses new questions about the life and death of these ancient Egyptians which we will try to find the answers for,” he said. (ANI)

Archaeologists sketch out layout of first capital of Kublai Khan’s empire

New Delhi, July 9 (ANI): A team of archaeologists have sketched out the layout of the first capital of Kublai Khan’s empire, known as Xanadu in Marco Polo’s Travel Notes, through a large-scale excavation in China.

“The most exciting findings are the layout of moat in front of the Mingde Gate to the royal capital and the highest building of Muqingge in the three-month long excavation on the ruins of Yuan Shangdu,” said Yang Xingyu, a senior archaeologist with the Inner Mongolia regional bureau of cultural relics.

The capital Shangdu was built in 1256 under the command of Kublai Khan, the first emperor of Yuan Dynasty, who was enthroned there four years later.

It became a summer resort after the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) moved its capital to present-day Beijing in 1276, and was destroyed during a peasant war at the end of the dynasty.

Yang said that the excavation program, the largest of its kind on the ruins, is expected to take three years to unearth and restore some of the ancient structures in Shangdu in an area of 1,500 square meters.

“We found the royal mansion of Muqingge built on a drained lake is of Han nationality characters, since the Mongolian emperor mainly deployed Han workers to build Shangdu,” he said.

Italian traveler Marco Polo (1254-1324) once described the prosperity of Yuan Shangdu in his book, which aroused great interest from many overseas archaeologists, historians and travelers.

“The Italian traveler was probably received by the emperor Kublai Khan in Shangdu through the gate of Mingde, which could only be passed by royal members and dignities,” said the archaeologist.

The ruins of Shangdu in the Zuolan Banner in north China’s Inner Mongolia have been overgrown.

The regional government has submitted an application for World Cultural Heritage status for the site to the state department for the preservation of cultural and historical relics and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

The Web site of the World Heritage Site showed the historical remains at Yuan Shangdu has been part of China’s tentative list.

“It is widely acknowledged in the archeological world that the building of the Yuan Dynasty capital in Beijing, known as Dadu, inherited that of Shangdu. The structures and many names of the landmarks are the same or similar,” said Yang. (ANI)

Tourist sites in province free for foreigners, not for Chinese

Beijing, July 2 (ANI): All non-Chinese people will get free access to 12 major tourist sites in Anyang city, Henan province, under a new policy.

According to the China Daily, Chinese citizens will not be given the same privilege that is designed to attract more foreign tourists, who are smaller in number than domestic travelers to the city.

Overseas tourists will only have to show their passports to enter historical spots like Yinxu – the ruins of the last capital of China’s Shang Dynasty (1766 BC – 1050 BC) – one of the oldest and largest archaeological sites in China and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Chinese, however, will have to cough up 50 yuan (7.3 dollars) for a ticket.

“We are trying to spread the Chinese culture. We think Anyang should have tourists from all over the world,” said Zhang Jianguo, director of Anyang tourism bureau.

Many netizens expressed their anger at the policy, which was described as “fawning over foreigners” on popular portal Sina.com.

Also among the 12 tourist destinations is the Red Flag Channel, a man-made river constructed in the 1960s, and Yuefei Temple, built in honor of Yue Fei, a famous Chinese patriot and military general born in Anyang.

Zhang said some 12 million tourists visited Anyang last year, of which just 35,000 were foreigners.

Free tickets worth 10 million yuan have been given out to people across the country since last December, he added. (ANI)

Buddha body relics returned to Beijing temple

New Delhi, June 26 (ANI): The relics said to be from the body of Buddha, have been returned to the Beijing Yunju Temple in China, from the Capital Museum.

The relics were welcomed by 108 monks and more than 400 Buddhists, as they returned from a underground storage room at the Capital Museum.

“I hope the traditional culture can be passed on through viewing the Buddha relics. I hope people’s hearts can be purified,” said Master Chuan Yin, who hosted the ceremony.

The relics will be exhibited until July 2 in the biggest hall of the temple, built in the Sui Dynasty (581-618).

The relics could be seen in detail via digital pictures on two large screens, according to Yun Guirong, director of the administrative office of the temple.

The corn-shaped red Buddha body relics, discovered in the Leiyin Cave of the temple on November 27, 1981, are respected as one of the “three precious” sets of relics in China.

The others are Buddha teeth relics in Beijing’s Lingguang Monastery and Buddha figure relics in the Famen Temple in Xi’an.

Buddha relics refer to the remains of Sakyamuni Buddha, founder of Buddhism, who, according to legend, left bones and 84,000 pearl-shaped relics.

Buddha relics are classified into three types: white bone relics, black hair relics and red body relics. (ANI)

World’s oldest man owes his longevity to ‘cigarettes, whisky and wild, wild women’

London, June 20 (ANI): World’s oldest man Henry Allingham attributes his longevity to “cigarettes, whisky and wild, wild women”.

The Brit who has spent 113 years and 14 days on this earth, is presently living at St Dunstan’s care home for blind ex-service personnel, in Ovingdean, near Brighton.

The supercentenarian-who has seen three different centuries, six monarchs, two world wars-is the last surviving founder of the Royal Air Force.

Before him, a Japanese retired civil engineer named Tomoji Tanabe, who had died peacefully in his sleep overnight, was the world’s oldest man. He was 113 years’ and 274 days’ old and had more than 50 great-grandchildren.

However, unlike Allingham, Tanabe had foregone alcohol and cigarettes all his life.

A St Dunstan’s spokesman said that Allingham greeted the news that he had become the oldest man on Earth by simply returning to bed after breakfast for a celebratory nap.

He reportedly dislikes taking about wars.

According to the Independent, he expresses his abhorrence for conflicts by saying: “War’s stupid. Nobody wins.”

He said in a recent interview: “Like so many, I have tried to forget my time in the war. In the last few years I have met other veterans, and we never spoke one word of the war, not one.”

Regarding the key to a long and prosperous existence, Allingham says: “I don’t know if there is a secret, but keeping within your capacity is vital.”

Allingham was born on 6 June 1896 in Clacton, east London, and his father died when he was a baby.

One-hundred-and-thirteen years later his dynasty includes six grandchildren, 12 great-grandchildren, 14 great-great-grandchildren and one great-great-great-grandchild. (ANI)

Iran’s 4 salt mummies placed in vacuum chamber for preservation

Tehran, May 12 (ANI): Iran’s four saltmen, unique salt mummies, have been placed in one of the most advanced display cases in the world, in an attempt to maintain and preserve them.

According to Payvand Iran News, the vacuum chamber in Zanjan, where the mummies have been kept, can precisely control humidity and airflow and is provided with a nitrogen-rich mixture deadly to known bacteria and mold.

Iranian, British, German and Austrian researchers declared air and humidity the main enemies of salt mummies at the 2nd International Seminar on the Archeology and Pathology of Saltmen in October, 2007.

The experts examined the saltmen’s condition to make the final decision on carrying out further studies on the Chehrabad salt mine, where the saltmen were found.

The Chehrabad Salt Mine is located in the Hamzehlou region of Zanjan province in northwestern Iran.

The saltmen, also known as the Iranian salt mummies, were accidentally discovered by miners in 1993.

Three of the saltmen date to the Parthian (247 BCE – 224 CE) and the Sassanid (224 – 651 CE) eras, while all other human remains discovered at the site go back to the Achaemenid Dynasty (550 – 330 BCE).

Artifacts have been discovered alongside the skeletons, including leather shoes, a leather bag, a terracotta lamp and two cow horns, most of which remain intact.

Salt at the mine worked to preserve the artifacts, as well as the internal organs of the salt men themselves.

Fingernails and hair have also been found undamaged, which will enable scientific testing to be carried out that could reveal further clues about these ancient people. (ANI)

China’s first emperor banned Buddhism, claims expert

New Delhi, May 12 (ANI): A researcher has said that the first emperor of a united China could go down in history not only for the Great Wall or the terra cotta army of guards and horses, but also for his attempt to crush Buddhism by banning it.

“China’s first and most influential history book, the Historical Records, stated clearly that Emperor Qin Shihuang (259 BC-210 BC) strictly banned Buddhism and Buddhist temples,” said Han Wei, a noted researcher with Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archeology.

According to the Historical Records, the ban went alongside the emperor’s major military strategies including the deportation of the invading Huns, and applied far beyond the ancient capital Xianyang in today’s Xi’an to cover the whole country.

Though the book, written between 104 B.C. to 91 B.C., provided no evidence of temples destroyed or monks exiled, Han said he believed the ban had been very effective.

“Buddhism never appeared again in historical documents until 2 B.C.,” Han said.

Emperor Qin Shihuang’s ban on Buddhism indicated the religion was already popular in China’s interior regions in his reign, said Han, whose thesis on the subject was published rercently in Xi’an.

Han recommended that textbooks be changed to reflect his discovery.

Historians generally believed Buddhism was introduced into China around 67 A.D. in Han Dynasty that succeeded Qin.

But, Han held it must have spread to China from today’s Xinjiang Ugyur Autonomous Region and central Asian countries, along the ancient Silk Road, more than two centuries earlier.

Noted Silk Road archaeologist Wang Jianxin said that Han’s research finding, based on linguistic, historical as well as archeological studies, sounded “reasonable”.

“Another scholar raised the same hypothesis in the early 1900s,but couldn’t provide sufficient evidence,” Wang said. (ANI)

Kim Jong-il ‘anoints’ youngest son as successor

Seoul – North Korea’s communist leader Kim Jong-il has promoted his youngest son to a key post, in a possible sign of grooming him as a successor, South Korean media reports said Sunday. The secretive family dynasty has ruled the nuclear-armed north of the peninsula since 1948, with increasing speculation at the health of the 67-year old Kim Jong-il, who is believed to have suffered a stroke.

According to the South Korean news agency Yonhap, citing “informed” sources, the youngest of Kim’s known three sons, Kim Jong- un, has been appointed to a junior position on the National Defence Commission – the most powerful decision-making organ in the Stalinist country.

Kim Jong-un is believed to be either 25 or 26 years old. The elder two sons, Kim Jong-nam, 37, Kim Jong-chol, thought to be 27, have also been named as possible successors at various times.

However little reliable information leaks out from the reclusive regime in Pyongyang. Previous reports that Jong-un would be a candidate for election to the Supreme People’s Assembly in March this year proved to be incorrect.

The three sons publicly acknowledged come from two different mothers, neither of whom is married to Kim Jong-il, whilst the leader is also believed to have daughters.

Kim Jong-il “inherited” the post of North Korean leader from his father, Kim il-Sung, who died in 1994. However, Kim il-Sung was then commemorated as the regime’s “eternal president”. His successors are merely designated head of state by virtue of being party leader within the one-party state.

Earlier this month Kim Jong-il was re-elected chairman of the National Defence Commission at a meeting of the Supreme People’s Assembly in the capital, in a vote considered a mere formality.

The speculation comes at a particularly fraught time in relations between North Korea and the outside world. On April 5 the regime test-fired a rocket which it claimed was a satellite, but intelligence agencies believe was a long-range ballistic missile.

United Nations Security Council criticism of the launch prompted North Korea to walk out of six-party talks aimed at persuading it to renounce its nuclear programme.

On Saturday Pyongyang announced it was recommencing work on reprocessing spent nuclear fuel rods, capable of producing weapons- grade plutonium. (dpa)