Egypt prepares new law for non-Muslims

(Reuters) – Egypt will draft a law to govern marriage and divorce for non-Muslims, a state newspaper reported, a move analysts see as an attempt to contain anger after a court overruled the Coptic Orthodox Church last month.

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Egypt’s Coptic church has long called for changes to the country’s personal status laws, which say Islamic rules on marriage and divorce prevail except in cases where both husband and wife are non-Muslims and from the same sect.

Under the current law, for instance, a Catholic husband with a Coptic wife could be subject to Islamic law.

“The Egyptian Minister of Justice Mamdouh Marie has decided to form a committee to prepare a personal draft law for Christians and non-Muslims, state-run al-Akhbar newspaper reported, adding it would take 30 days.

Analysts said the announcement was timed to calm anger after a court ruled that two Coptic men were allowed to remarry, challenging the church’s efforts to hold sway over its flock in Muslim-majority Egypt.

The court’s decision drew resistance from Pope Shenouda, the head of the Coptic Orthodox Church, who had appealed against the court’s earlier ruling in March 2008.

Divorce is an accepted practice in Egypt’s Muslim community but is prohibited by the Coptic Orthodox Church except in cases of adultery.

“The latest crisis is behind this statement,” said Nabil Abdel Fattah, a political analyst at the Al-Ahram Center for Strategic and Political Studies in Cairo. “The Egyptian state is trying to contain the current dispute.”

Coptic lawyer and activist Mamdouh Ramzi said the church has proposed a unified personal law since the 1980s. “We don’t need a new law, we need to put the old (proposed) one into practice,” he said.

Relations between Muslims and Christians in Egypt are generally calm, but have occasionally turned violent over issues such as land and interfaith marriages.

Christians, mostly Orthodox Copts, make up about 10 percent of Egypt’s 78 million people. Many Christians grumble about discrimination, although some have risen to ministerial rank or are top business executives.

EU urges Greece to stick to austerity, pension plan

The European Union sent Greece a letter to remind it to stick to the terms of a 110-billion euro ($134.6 billion) bail-out deal, officials said ahead of talks this week on Athens’ pension reform plans.

The comments came after Greece’s Labour Minister said on Monday that the EU and IMF were asking the debt-choked country to stiffen its draft pension reform, which is required by a multi-billion euro “aid for pain” deal agreed this month.

A European Commission spokesman dismissed suggestions the letter related to any shortcomings in Athens’ adherence to the plan, but said the EU executive had to closely monitor Greece’s implementation of the aid programme.

“We at the European Commission are obliged to keep a close eye on all the various elements involved in applying the memorandum,” Amadeu Altafaj said.

“This is a normal exchange between the Greek authorities and the Commission services on a draft law which has to follow parameters that have been set up under the memorandum of understanding,” he told a regular news briefing.

Pension reform is a key performance benchmark for Greece under the three-year bailout programme, the biggest ever for an individual country. Any glitch over pensions could raise doubts about the Greek government’s resolve to carry out the programme.

The draft pension bill allows retirees to draw a full pension after 37 years of contributions, three years earlier than set out in the bailout deal agreed earlier this month.

The bill also fully implements reform in 2018, three years after an EU-IMF deadline.

“We are discussing with Greece how to make the pension reform compatible with the memorandum of understanding,” European Commission’s Director General for Economic and Monetary Affairs Marco Buti had told Reuters earlier on Tuesday.

A joint delegation of the EU, the IMF and the European Central Bank will discuss the issue with senior Greek labour ministry officials in Athens on Thursday.

“2018 seems too late for them and they tell us to go ahead in 2015,” Greek Labour Minister Andreas Loverdos said in a television interview on Monday, commenting on the letter.

Altafaj said the letter was part of regular correspondence with Athens.

“The letter contains strictly nothing new in reference to the memorandum (signed between the European Commission, Greece, the International Monetary Fund and the European Central Bank),” the spokesman said. “It was quite simply to remind people of the terms of the memorandum on this question.”

Greece will submit on Friday an actuarial study to back up its arguments in talks with EU and IMF officials, Loverdos said.

The pension bill is expected to be submitted to parliament in the coming days and to be voted on in June. The socialist government has a comfortable parliamentary majority.

The main labour unions oppose the bill, saying it will put a further burden on the poor who have already been hit by other sweeping austerity measures.

The reform aims at containing public pensions spending by cutting benefits, raising the retirement age for women and discouraging early retirements.

The IMF’s chief economist Olivier Blanchard said on Monday Greece must show determination in implementing the plan agreed with the EU and the International Monetary Fund.

Modern woman hit by burqa ban

The ban on burqa in France may not have pleased the Islamists, but it has also not been welcomed by modern Muslim women.

One runs her own company, another is a housewife and a third, a divorcee, raises her children by herself. Like nearly 2,000 other Muslim women who freely wear face-covering veils anywhere in France, their lives will soon change and they are worried.

French Justice Minister Michele Alliot-Marie today presented a draft law to the Cabinet banning Muslim veils that cover the face, the first formal step in a process to forbid such attire in all public places in France. It calls for USD 185 fines and, in some cases, citizenship classes for women who run afoul of the law.

The measure notably creates a new offence, “inciting to hide the face,” and anyone convicted of forcing a woman to wear such a veil risks a year in prison and a USD 18,555 fine, according to a copy of the text.

“Citizenship should be experienced with an uncovered face,” President Nicolas Sarkozy told the Cabinet meeting, in remarks released by his office. “There can be no other solution but a ban in all public places.”

Although the Interior Ministry estimates there are only 1,900 women in France who cover their faces with veils, the planned law would be another defining moment for Islam here as the nation tries to bring its Muslim population, at least 5 million, the largest in western Europe into the mainstream, even by force of law.

The bill is to go before parliament in July, and despite the acrimonious debate that is sure to come, there is little doubt the measure will become law. Sarkozy, who says such veils oppress women, wants a law banning them on the books as soon as possible.

“If the law is voted, I won’t take off my veil. … No one will dictate my way of life” but God, said Najat, a divorcee, who gave her age as “45 plus.” She was one of a half-dozen women who, in a rare move, met with reporters yesterday to express their worries about changes they say will impact their lives to the core.

Like others, she refused to give her full name. All said they fear for their safety in an increasingly tense climate.

Najat was among those who said she has been increasingly harassed since debate over the planned law began nearly a year ago.

Amnesty International urged French lawmakers to reject the bill. The London-based organisation said its expert on discrimination in Europe, John Dalhuisen, believes a complete ban would violate rights to freedom of expression and religion for women who wear the face veils “as an expression of their identity or beliefs.”

A French anti-racism group, MRAP, which opposes such dress, said a law would be “useless and dangerous.”

GREECE – Factors to Watch on April 8

ATHENS, April 8 (Reuters) – Here are news stories, press reports and events which may affect Greek financial markets on Thursday:

Financials

GREEK BANKS SEEK MORE AID AS SPREADS WIDEN AGAIN

Greece’s borrowing costs hit a new high on Wednesday after the government said the country’s banks had asked for billions of euros in support and euro zone states argued over the conditions of potential bailout loans. [ID:nLDE636138]

ECB TO REVAMP LENDING RULES AS GREECE TENSIONS GROW

The European Central Bank is expected to do its bit to ease the financial squeeze on Greece on Thursday by fleshing out new lending rules and keeping euro zone interest rates at a record low of 1.0 percent. [ID:nLDE6350JT]

GREECE DOES NOT EXPECT SPREADS TO DROP SOON-FINMIN

Greece does not expect the premium investors demand to buy Greek state bonds instead of German bunds — now at a euro lifetime high — to drop soon, the country’s finance minister said on Wednesday. [ID:nATH005340]

GREEK BANK DEPOSITS DOWN 1.4 PCT M/M IN FEB-C.BANK

Business and household deposits at Greek banks fell 1.4 percent to 229.5 billion euros in February compared to a month earlier, central bank data showed on Wednesday. [ID:nLDE6361KS]

CABINET CLEARS DRAFT LAW ON ILLEGALLY CONVERTED BUILDINGS

The cabinet cleared a draft bill that allows home owners to pay one-off penalties to legalise building code violations on home conversions, financial daily Imerisia reported. The government will use proceeds to fund the creation of more parks in urban areas.

www.imerisia.gr

JUMBO NINE-MONTH SALES UP 10.6 PCT

Toy retailer Jumbo (BABr.AT) announced a 10.63 percent rise in nine-month sales, which include revenues during Easter, financial daily Kerdos reported.

www.kerdos.gr

EUROPE FACTORS-SHARES SEEN DOWN;RATE DECISIONS EYED

European shares are set to open lower on Thursday, tracking falls on Wall Street and Asia, with direction likely to be dictated by interest rate decisions from the Bank of England (BoE) and the European Central Bank (ECB) later in the session. [ID:nLDE63703M]

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Delay in IMF funds approval to further hit Pakistan’s flagging economy

Islamabad, Mar.27 (ANI): The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has postponed its
executive board meeting scheduled to be held on March 31 to review Pakistan’s economy and approve funds worth 1.2 billion dollars.

According to a senior official of the finance department, the IMF has deferred the important meeting because of the Pakistan government’s failure to meet an important condition of the tabling of the draft Value Added Tax (VAT) legislation in the four provincial assemblies.

The IMF website, where meeting schedules are posted, also has removed Pakistan from the board agenda, The News reports.

The official said that the government is now likely to send a complete compliance report to the IMF next Monday once the VAT draft law is submitted before all the four provincial assemblies.

Islamabad has so far received about 6.4 billion dollars from the IMF from its total package, which was offered to rescue the country’s sluggish economy.

Financial experts said that the delay on part of the IMF in releasing the funds would put enormous pressure on the country’s economy, and is also likely to affect the Karachi Stock Exchange.

They said that it is unlikely that the IMF would approve the remaining funds promised under the 11.3 billion dollar standby agreement by March 31, and that it could be delayed till June-July next year. (ANI)

Chinese celebrities may become liable for advertising unsafe food products

New Delhi, Feb 26 (ANI): Chinese celebrities will share legal responsibility for advertising food products that are found to be unsafe, according to the latest draft law.

The draft food safety law stipulates all social organizations and individuals who recommend unsafe food products in ads shoulder “joint liability” with food producers if the products harm consumers’ rights and interests.

It was submitted to the National People’s Congress (NPC) Standing Committee for review on Wednesday, the China Daily reported.

Renmin University of China law professor Yang Lixin explained joint liability means that consumers can demand compensation from both the unsafe food’s producers and the stars in the ads.

Deputy director of the NPC Law Committee Liu Xirong said the change was in response to legislators’ complaints that false or exaggerated food ads – many featuring celebrities – have been cheating and misleading consumers.

“So, we consider it necessary to impose stricter controls over food ads,” he said.

The latest draft also bans food supervision authorities, and industry and consumer associations, from recommending food products to consumers in ads or any other form.

Unsafe food product ads became a major issue after the melamine scandal started in China last September.

Many people questioned whether celebrities who had promoted the tainted products, especially for the Sanlu Group, should share responsibility for the six babies who died and 30,000 who were sickened. (ANI)