Quick Poll: How Important Is Facebook Privacy to You?

Facebook, which just recently reached 500 million members, has become a daily ritual for many of us. We give the site information about ourselves, about our likes and dislikes, and about the people we choose as friends. Over time, all of that data collects on Facebook’s servers. But Facebook, in many people’s view, has played fast and loose with our data, marking much of it as “public” and giving its app-developer and advertising partners access to some of it.

Facebook users surveyed for the 2010 American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) gave the site a score of just 64 on a user-satisfaction scale of 0 to 100; many of the respondents cited privacy and advertising as key concerns. Yet many people in the online-advertising business believe that such privacy concerns are overplayed, and are largely the creation of overzealous privacy groups and their friends in the media.

Who is right? Please take our three-question survey and tell us your opinions on social networking privacy. We’ll share the results of the poll in a future story.

Geri Halliwell’s Union Jack dress voted the ‘Most Iconic Outfit Of Last 50 Years’

London, May 20 (ANI): Geri Halliwell’s Union Jack dress worn at the Brit awards in 1997 has topped an online poll of the ‘Most Iconic Outfits Of The Last 50 Years’.

The dress was the former Spice Girl’s own creation.

In the poll, Elizabeth Hurley’s Versace gold safety-pin dress, which made the actress an overnight star at the 1994 premiere of Four Weddings And A Funeral, came second.

“Everybody remembers the moment Geri hit the stage in that dress,” the Daily Express quoted Eve Atkins, of OffersSupermarket.co.uk which ran the poll, as saying.

“The dress made everybody feel patriotic, plus she looked amazing. It was simply a tea towel sewed on to a dress, with no designer involved,” Atkins added. (ANI)

Telangana panel extends dates to receive views

New Delhi, Mar 22 (ANI): Justice Sri Krishna Panel on Monday extended dates to receive views and suggestion on creation of separate Telangana state from political parties and public to April 10.

According to an earlier advertisement, the panel asked interested parties to submit their views on creation of separate Telangana by March 21.

The panel took the decision in view of requests from some parties asking for more time, as the matter requires in-depth study and examination.

Panel’s member secretary V K Duggal said: “The committee has considered the requests made and agreed to extend the date for submission of responses by April 10.”

The panel also requested stakeholders to furnish the details at the earliest so that it “can start holding consultations” with the parties, organisations and groups concerned “as quickly as possible”.

The panel is mandated to “examine the situation in the state of Andhra Pradesh with reference to the demand for a separate state of Telangana as well as the demand for maintaining the present status of a united Andhra Pradesh”, is slated to submit its report to the central government by the end of this year. (ANI)

Outfit seeking separate Gorkhaland state slams WB Government

Siliguri, Mar 8 (ANI): Madan Tamang, the leader of the ethnic Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League, seeking creation of separate state of Gorkhaland slammed West Bengal Government for “discriminating against the Nepali-speaking people”.

“Gorkhaland is nothing but aspirations of people, demand is genuine. There is disparity. There is discrimination that is why we are demanding separate state. We have tried our best but the West Bengal government whether it is CPM-Left, whether it is Congress or Trinamool (Congress), they have one policy to discriminate (against) Nepali-speaking people,” Tamang said here on Sunday.

Gorkhas have been demanding a separate state, to be carved out of West Bengal, to protect their culture and heritage.

The Gorkha population in West Bengal is estimated to be around a million. (ANI)

Holiday Inn hotel made of key cards is world’s first

Melbourne, Sep 18 (ANI): A Holiday Inn hotel made entirely of key cards has been unveiled in New York.

The 37-square-metre hotel, built by world record-holding Cardstacker Bryan Berg, is made from more than 200,000 key cards and weighs 1814 kilograms.

It includes a guest bedroom, bathroom and lobby, with life-sized furniture.

The design was created by Holiday Inn, the world’s largest hotel group, to mark the relaunch of 1200 of its hotels around the world.

“The Key Card Hotel is a fun and interactive way to showcase the changes happening at our hotels and is the only structure of its kind to ever be created by a hotel brand,” News.com.au quoted Kevin Kowalski, Senior Vice President, Global Brand Management, Holiday Inn, as saying.

Berg, who will also build a freestanding three-metre replica of New York’s Empire State Building in the lobby of the Key Card Hotel using Holiday Inn playing cards, said constructing the hotel has been a great challenge.

“This is my largest cardstacking challenge to date and the only card creation I have ever made at full human scale,” Berg added about the hotel.

The first 250 guests who attended the Key Card Hotel grand opening received a free night stay at any Holiday Inn.

The company’s 1 billion dollar relaunch is one of the largest in the history of the hospitality industry. (ANI)

Robot that mimics humans from the inside out

London, Sept 17 (ANI): Boffins have developed an amazing skeleton robot that moves just like humans.

The creation is known as an “anthropomimetic robot”.

Using human anatomy as a blueprint, scientists have replicated tendons using kite lines.

And used elastic bands to mimic the bounce of a muscles, reports The Sun.

The University of Sussex with help of institutions across Europe developed the stunning invention – called the Eccerobot.

Owen Holland, who is leading the Eccerobot project, said: “We want to develop these ideas into a new kind of anthropomimetic robot which can deal with and respond to the world in ways closer to the ways that humans do.”

The project team believe the Eccerobot – which could also be fitted with artificial intelligence – could be the most life-like humanoid so far. (ANI)

Krishna in Belarus to strengthen bilateral ties

Minsk, Sept 17 (ANI): Indian External Affairs Minister S M Krishna has arrived here to foster bilateral ties between the two countries.

Krishna is the first Indian External Minister to visit this country.

On Wednesday, Krishna visited the Victory Square Monument in the city and paid tribute to soldiers who had laid down their lives during the World War II while fighting the Nazi invaders.

“This is the first ever visit by an Indian Minister for External Affairs to Belarus. I think it is an important visit with a view to further cement and strengthen relationship to mutual advantage,” said Ramesh Chander, Indian Ambassador to Belarus.

Krishna’s visit is being seen as important, as it would help to cement ties further between the two countries.

“In 2008, we had a 432 million trade turnover. And this year, it is likely to touch 500 million by the end of the year,” Chander added.

Krishna reviewed guard of honour of the Belarus Army at the Square. He was received by the Deputy Mayor of Minsk, Titenkov Mikhail.

On Thursday, Krishna will call on Belarus President Alexander Lukashenko.

He will also hold talks with his counterpart Sergey Martynov. Two agreements will be signed including one on Cooperation in Physical Education and Sports and an MoU on the Establishment of a Digital Learning Centre in Minsk.

The Digital Learning Centre will impart skills in advanced computing and software creation to young Belarusian students, initially with Indian faculty members and thereafter with trained Belarusian professionals.

Krishna will also pay an official visit to Turkmenistan on September 18 and 19.

He will call on Turkmen President Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedov and hold meetings with Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Rashid Meredov.

Krishna will also have a meeting with Minister in-charge of Oil and Gas sector Baymyrat Hojamuhammedov.

Both countries will sign a cooperation agreement during the visit. By Ravi Shankar (ANI)

Kiwi chocolatier’s meat-flavoured chocs ‘a hit with men’!

London, Sept 17 (ANI): Meat-flavoured chocolate might not be everyone’s idea of a yummy treat, but a Kiwi chocolatier’s salami-tinged creation is proving to be a hit with men.

Brainchild of Hanna Frederick, the venison chocolate truffles are made from a blend of dark chocolate and ground-up salty dried meat.

Shaped like small sausages, the sweets have a salami aftertaste, she said.dmitting it was a weird combination, she said meat and chocolate went together “amazingly well”, reports The Telegraph.

“There’s this smoky taste to start, then a strong chocolate flavour comes in, and at the end you have this wonderful taste of salami,” she told the Australian Associated Press.

She said the snack, being served as a starter to 150 people at New Zealand’s Meat Industry Association conference, has proven a hit with men “who can’t get enough of it”, but admits women have been “quieter” in expressing approval.

“Women tend to love their chocolate more fruity, more feminine, and I guess meat doesn’t have that feel to it,” she said. (ANI)

India to sign two pacts with Belarus during Krishna’s visit

Minsk, Sept 17 (ANI): India and Belarus will sign two bilateral agreements during External Affairs Minister S. M. Krishna’s two-day visit to that country.

During his visit, Krishna will call on Belarus President Alexander Lukashenko.

He will also hold wide-ranging talks with his counterpart Sergey Martynov. The agreements to be signed are one on Cooperation in Physical Education and Sports and an MoU on the Establishment of a Digital Learning Centre in Minsk.

The Digital Learning Centre will impart skills in advanced computing and software creation to young Belarusian students, initially with Indian faculty members and thereafter with trained Belarusian professionals.

This will be the first visit by India’s External Affairs Minister to Belarus.

Krishna will also pay an official visit to Turkmenistan on September 18 and 19.

He will call on Turkmen President Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedov and hold meetings with Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Rashid Meredov.

Krishna will also have a meeting with Minister in-charge of Oil and Gas sector Baymyrat Hojamuhammedov.

Both countries will sign a cooperation agreement during the visit. (ANI)

Adopt new, transparent selection process for police forces: Chidambaram

New Delhi, Sep 14 (ANI): Union Home Minister P Chidambaram on Monday asked the State Governments to adopt new, time bound and transparent selection process for the state police forces on the lines of the Central Police Force selection procedure.

Addressing the three-day long conference of the Directors Generals and Inspectors Generals of state police forces organized by Intelligence Bureau, Chidambaram said: “Revamp the recruitment procedures and make them quick, time bound and transparent. We have introduced a new recruitment procedure in the CPMFs that is based on technology, objective assessment and transparency. I would take this opportunity to urge State Governments to immediately adopt the new procedure.”

Chidambaram expressed concern over the way police officers are treated and asked states to constitute the police establishment boards as the earliest.

“Constitute a Police Establishment Board that would decide on transfers and postings. It is a matter of deep regret that many police officers have been reduced to a football, to be kicked here and there, from one post to another, without regard to the damage done to the job as well as the officer,” he said.

Expressing concern over the non providing of funds to the police forces by some of the states, Chidambaram said: “I am also concerned about the attitude of some State Governments to providing funds for the police. Let me remind you that Police and Public Order are State subjects. States are right in zealously guarding their turf. The Central Government has no desire to encroach upon the jurisdiction of the State Governments. Given the Constitutional responsibility, State Governments must provide adequate funds for the State Police. “

The Home Minister appealed to the state governments to change the practice of allotting the residue – after providing funds for other Plan and Non-Plan Schemes to the head of Police.

The Central Government increased over Rs.13, 000 crore in the budget of the current fiscal to strengthening the CPFs, and for Modernization of Police Force, CCTNS, Strengthening of Fire and Emergency Services, Scheme of ICP, etc.

Chidambaram called on the conference to mark the beginning of a process of reinventing the security system in the country.

“We must learn from our past mistakes. We must also learn from the experience of other countries. It is the neglect of tried and tested methods that has led us to a situation where we seemed unequal to the challenges that face the internal security of the country,” he said.It is not enough to walk with firm steps on the path that is known. We must also lay out a path forward that will draw heavily upon technology and innovation,” Chidambaram added.

He said once the ambitious projects of CCTN and NATGRID are fully rolled out and implemented, it would mark a quantum jump in our ability to counter the challenges that we face.

Chidambaram also stressed on the creation of a first rate National Counter Terrorism Centre.

“It is also my desire that once the Police Mission submits its report, we should implement the recommendations in a time-bound manner. There is the need to enact a “Model Police Act”. Mega-city policing is a new requirement, and there is much to learn from the experiences of other mega-cities,” Chidambaram said.

Chidambaram also asked the state police chiefs to sharply upgrade our Forensic Science Laboratories and make them among the best in the world. (ANI)

Master gene that switches on disease-fighting cells identified

London, Sep 14 (ANI): British scientists have identified the master gene, called E4bp4, that causes blood stem cells to turn into disease-fighting ‘Natural Killer’ (NK) immune cells.

The discovery, by researchers at Imperial College London, UCL and the Medical Research Council’s National Institute for Medical Research, could one day help scientists boost the body’s production of these frontline tumour-killing cells, creating new ways to treat cancer.

By ‘knocking out’ E4bp4 in a mouse model, the researchers created the world’s first animal model entirely lacking NK cells, but with all other blood cells and immune cells intact.

The breakthrough model should help solve the mystery of the role that Natural Killer cells play in autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes and multiple sclerosis.

According to many scientists, these diseases are a result of malfunctioning NK cells that turn on the body and attack healthy cells, which cause disease instead of fighting it.

They believe that clarifying NK cells’ role could lead to new ways of treating these conditions.

Natural Killer cells – a type of white blood cell – are a major component of the human body’s innate, quick-response immune system, providing a fast frontline defence against tumours, viruses and bacterial infections.

The gene E4bp4 is the ‘master gene’ for NK cell production, which means it is the primary driver that causes blood stem cells in the bone marrow to differentiate into NK cells.

Led by Dr Hugh Brady, the researchers are hoping to progress with a drug treatment for cancer patients which reacts with the protein expressed by their E4bp4 gene, causing their bodies to produce a higher number of NK cells than normal, to increase the chances of successfully destroying tumours.

“If increased numbers of the patient’s own blood stem cells could be coerced into differentiating into NK cells, via drug treatment, we would be able to bolster the body’s cancer-fighting force, without having to deal with the problems of donor incompatibility,” Nature quoted Brady as saying.

The researchers proved the pivotal role E4bp4 plays in NK production when they knocked the gene out in a mouse model.

Without E4bp4 the mouse produced no NK cells whatsoever but other types of blood cell were unaffected.

“Now finally, with our discovery of the NK cell master gene and subsequent creation of our mouse model, we will be able to find out if the progression of these diseases is impeded or aided by the removal of NK cells from the equation. This will solve the often-debated question of whether NK cells are always the ‘good guys’, or if in certain circumstances they cause more harm than good,” said Brady.

The study has been published in Nature Immunology. (ANI)

Song birds have to deal with cover artists too

Washington, Sep 9 (ANI): Just like great singers among humans, birds too have to deal with cover artists who copy songs.

A new research has revealed that some bird species have evolved to sing the same tune as their rivals, in order to compete effectively.

Led by Dr. Joseph Tobias and Dr Nathalie Seddon from the Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, the research team analysed the calls and songs of two antbird species that were living side-by-side in the Amazon rainforest- the Peruvian warbling-antbird and the yellow-breasted warbling-antbird.

The study was aimed at investigating their similar songs, and, in particular, at testing the theory that the birds’ songs could become increasingly similar to enable effective communication between competing species.

The above notion has attracted controversy as many scientists have argued that convergence in territorial or mating signals results in needless confrontation or crossbreeding and the creation of hybrids.

“Biologists have long been fascinated by convergence in ecological traits as it offers tangible evidence of evolution and the forces of selection by which it operates, but until now there is no clear evidence that social competition between animal species can produce convergent signals. We examined this idea by analysing the structure and function of songs in two birds which we knew to be strong social competitors,” said Tobias.

The researchers studied the species in Peru and Bolivia at one site where they lived together, and two sites where they lived in isolation.

Firstly, they recorded three sets of signals-songs, calls, and plumage colour of both species (including a total of 504 songs from 150 individuals).

Later, they played them back to individuals of each species to test the significance of songs of both types.

The results showed that territorial songs of both species were extremely similar particularly where they lived together, such that territorial birds treated songs of both species as equally threatening.

In the meantime, they discovered that non-territorial signals like calls and plumage were highly divergent.

“In effect, the territorial songs of these birds are more or less interchangeable in design and function. Given that they last shared a common ancestor more than 3 million years ago, it is almost equivalent to humans and chimpanzees – which diverged around 5 million years ago – using the same language to settle disputes over resources” said Tobias.

“Our results provide the first compelling evidence that social interaction can cause convergent evolution in species competing for space and resources.

They also suggest that while competition drives convergence in territorial songs, this is offset by divergence in non-competitive signals such as plumage colour to promote species recognition and reduce the chance of interbreeding,” he added.

The study has been published in Evolution.(ANI)

Here’s what ups amyloid beta production in Alzheimer’s patients’ brains

Washington, September 4 (ANI): A new class of medicines to effectively treat Alzheimer’s disease may soon be available, for an international research group has shed light on how a fragment of a protein increases the production of the amyloid beta protein in the brain.

The researchers say that knowing that the N60 fragment of the RanBP9 protein increases the production of the amyloid beta protein, which is present in excessive amounts in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease, gives scientists a more specific focus for developing new drugs.

Most experts believe that if the creation of amyloid beta protein can be halted or slowed, the devastating effects of Alzheimer’s disease may also be stopped or slowed too, according to background information in a research article published in the FASEB Journal.

David Kang, assistant professor of neurosciences at the University of California, San Diego, and one of the researchers involved in the work, said: “Our study suggests that targeting RanBP9 expression and/or N60 fragment generation may lead to novel strategies to combat this devastating disease.”

During the study, Kang and his colleagues examined extracts from brains with Alzheimer’s disease and age-matched healthy controls.

The researchers found that the N60 section of RanBP9 was increased in Alzheimer’s brain.

“Alzheimer’s might seem hopeless to some, but this research shows that we’re closer than ever to unraveling both the protein tangles and mysteries surrounding this devastating disease,” said Dr. Gerald Weissmann, the Editor-in-Chief of The FASEB Journal. (ANI)

‘NanoPen’ may revolutionise electronics sector, medical diagnostic tests

Washington, September 3 (ANI): A team of scientists in California have announced the creation of a ‘NanoPen’ that can simplify the method of laying down patterns of nanoparticles-from wires to circuits-for making futuristic electronic devices, medical diagnostic tests, and other much-anticipated nanotech applications.

Writing about their work in ACS’ Nano Letters, Ming Wu and colleagues point out that researchers have already developed several different techniques for producing patterns of nanoparticles, which are barely 1/50,000th the width of a human hair.

However, the researchers add, current techniques tend to be too complex and slow because they require bulky instrumentation and take minutes or even hours to complete.

The researcher further point out that these techniques also require the use of very high temperatures to apply the nanostructures to their target surfaces.

According to them, such limitations prevent widespread application of these techniques.

They claim that their NanoPen can solve all these problems.

The researchers have used the novel device in their lab to deposit various nanoparticles into specific patterns in the presence of relatively low light and temperature intensities.

They say that the process, which requires the use of special “photoconductive” surfaces, takes only seconds to complete with their NanoPen.

They further state that manufacturers can adjust the size and density of the patterns by adjusting the voltage, light intensity, and exposure time applied during the process. (ANI)

Mickey Mouse in $4 billion embrace with Spider-Man

London, Sept 1 (ANI): The world of animation entertainment is all set to become much bigger as Walt Disney buys Marvel Entertainment in a 4-billion dollar deal.

After the deal is sealed, Disney will be the owner of 5,000 Marvel characters, including superheroes like Spider-Man and the X-Men.

Shareholders of Marvel will receive 30 dollars per share in cash along with 0.745 Disney shares for every Marvel share they own.

The board of directors of both the entertainment companies have approved the deal, which will be inked after the support of Marvel’s shareholders and competition authorities.

The BBC quoted Robert Iger, Disney president and chief executive as saying: “We believe that adding Marvel to Disney’s unique portfolio of brands provides significant opportunities for long-term growth and value creation.”

“We are pleased to bring this talent and these great assets to Disney.”

He added: “Disney is the perfect home for Marvel’s fantastic library of characters given its proven ability to expand content creation and licensing businesses,” said Marvel chief executive Ike Perlmutter.

“This is an unparalleled opportunity for Marvel to build upon its vibrant brand and character properties by accessing Disney’s tremendous global organization and infrastructure around the world.”

Business analysts say the deal is “win-win situation for both companies”. (ANI)

Jaswant Singh blames Nehru, Patel for partition on Pak television

Islamabad, Aug.28 (ANI): Expelled Bharatiya Janata Party leader Jaswant Singh has once again invited controversy by blaming India’s first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru for the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947.

In an interview with the Dawn News, Singh blamed Pandit Nehru and Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel for the partition and creation of Pakistan.

Referring to Nehru’s Tryst with destiny speech, Singh said it was nothing short of double standard as Nehru himself talked of secularism while contributing to the country’s division along with Sardar Patel on grounds of so called ‘faith’.

Singh claimed that later Nehru had himself admitted of being responsible for the partition.

It is worth mentioning here that Jaswant Singh’s book ‘Jinnah: ndia-Partition-Independence’ which saw him being expelled from the BJP after serving it for nearly 30 years has received an overwhelming response in Pakistan.

Singh, in his book, has glorified Jinnah while blaming Sardar Patel for the country’s division in 1947.

The book quotes Singh as saying that Jinnah did not win Pakistan, rather Nehru and Patel conceded Pakistan to Jinnah with the help of the British.

Meanwhile, authorities have denied permission to Singh to visit Pakistan to launch his book. However, Singh’s son Manvendra Singh said his father has not applied for a visa, and as far as he knew.

He also rejected reports that there was a different Pakistan edition of the book. (ANI)

Now, an intelligent system to help the elderly avoid forgetting everyday tasks

Washington, August 28 (ANI): Scientists at the University of Granada (UGR) have announced the creation of a system that uses Artificial Intelligence techniques to help elderly people, or those with special needs, avoid forgetting certain everyday tasks.

The researchers have revealed that their system uses sensors distributed in the environment to detect people’s actions, and mobile devices to remind them.

Suppose, say the researchers, an elderly lady who is about to go to bed goes into her room, sits down on the bed, takes off her slippers, and turns off the light.

According to them, before she gets into bed, a small alarm will go off, and a mobile device will remind her that she has forgotten to take her tablets.

“It is a prototype which, in a non-intrusive manner, facilitates the control of the activity of people with special needs and increases their independence,” said Maria Ros Izquierdo, from the Higher Technical School of Computer Engineering of the UGR.

The system recognizes the everyday actions of the users by means of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) labels. These labels are discreetly placed on the objects that the individuals touch most often, in such a way that, when they do so, a signal is sent to a computer or mobile device situated in the house itself or at an assistance centre some distance away.

To compile a list of actions-such as remembering to take the keys or the mobile phone before leaving home-the activities of the people are assessed with Artificial Intelligence techniques.

“It is not necessary to use cameras or microphones, and the devices which are used do not entail any technological complications for users, nor do they modify their daily routines,” said Ros.

To evaluate the novel system, the university team have also designed an intelligent space called ‘Tagged World’, which simulates the rooms of a house, with sensors embedded in the environment helping to recognize the behaviour of its occupants.

The researchers monitored each user so as to obtain an individualized database. They later verified with a test the reliability of the system and the degree of intrusion felt by the participants.

“The system does not modify the life of the users, but does positively modify that of the people who look after them,” indicated Ros, who recalled that elderly people or those with special needs often reject the aid of others and demand more independence.

The researcher believes that the new system may help to achieve this objective.

A research article describing the new system has been published in the Expert Systems with Applications magazine. (ANI)

Flexible high-resolution home theatre displays come closer to reality

Washington, August 21 (ANI): You may soon get to enjoy facilities like flexible high-resolution home theatre displays, wearable health monitors, and biomedical imaging devices because scientists are working on a novel process for creating new classes of lighting and display systems.

John Rogers, the Flory-Founder Chair Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Illinois, has revealed that the new process is all about creating and assembling ultrathin, ultrasmall inorganic light-emitting diodes (LEDs) into large arrays offers new classes of lighting and display systems with interesting properties, such as see-through construction and mechanical flexibility.

He said that such properties would be impossible to achieve with existing technologies.

“Our goal is to marry some of the advantages of inorganic LED technology with the scalability, ease of processing and resolution of organic LEDs,” said Rogers.

Compared to their organic counterparts, inorganic LEDs are brighter, more robust and longer-lived.

Organic LEDs, however, are attractive because they can be formed on flexible substrates, in dense, interconnected arrays.

Rogers and his colleagues-including collaborators from Northwestern University, the Institute of High Performance Computing in Singapore, and Tsinghua University in Beijing-say that the new technology combines features of both.

“By printing large arrays of ultrathin, ultrasmall inorganic LEDs and interconnecting them using thin-film processing, we can create general lighting and high-resolution display systems that otherwise could not be built with the conventional ways that inorganic LEDs are made, manipulated and assembled,” Rogers said.

To overcome requirements on device size and thickness associated with conventional wafer dicing, packaging and wire bonding methods, the researchers have developed epitaxial growth techniques for creating LEDs with sizes up to 100 times smaller than usual.

They have also developed printing processes for assembling these devices into arrays on stiff, flexible, and stretchable substrates.

To create an array, a rubber stamp contacts the wafer surface at selected points, lifts off the LEDs at those points, and transfers them to the desired substrate.

“The stamping process provides a much faster alternative to the standard robotic ‘pick and place’ process that manipulates inorganic LEDs one at a time. The new approach can lift large numbers of small, thin LEDs from the wafer in one step, and then print them onto a substrate in another step,” Rogers said.

The researcher says that shifting position and repeating the stamping process can transfer LEDs to other locations on the same substrate, and, in this fashion, large light panels and displays can be crafted from small LEDs made in dense arrays on a single, comparatively small wafer.

Given that the LEDs can be placed far apart and still provide sufficient light output, Rogers says that the panels and displays can be nearly transparent.

He even envisions the creation of flexible and even stretchable sheets of printed LEDs, which can have potential use in the health-care industry.

“Wrapping a stretchable sheet of tiny LEDs around the human body offers interesting opportunities in biomedicine and biotechnology, including applications in health monitoring, diagnostics and imaging,” Rogers said.

A research article describing the researchers’ work has been published in the journal Science. (ANI)

Scientists come closer to ‘synthetic life’ in lab

London, Aug 21 (ANI): A group of scientists has created a new “engineered” strain of bacteria – a development which could be described as a step towards the creation of “synthetic life”.

The team, including scientist J Craig Venter, a leading figure in the controversial field of synthetic biology, has successfully transferred the genome of one type of bacteria into a yeast cell, modified it, and then transplanted into another bacterium.

The study paves the way to the creation of a synthetic organism – inserting a human-made genome into a bacterial cell.

It has been described in the journal Science.

According to boffins, the advancement overcomes the obstacle of making a new inserted genome work inside a recipient cell.

The resulting cell Sanjay Vashee, one of the authors, and his team created went on to undertake multiple rounds of cell division, to produce a new strain of the modified bacteria.

Vashee is a researcher at the J. Craig Venter Institute in Rockville, Maryland, in the US. He explained to BBC News: “Bacteria have ‘immune’ systems that protect them from foreign DNA such as those from viruses.”

The scientists disabled the immune system, which consists of proteins called restriction enzymes that home in on specific sections of DNA and chop up the genome at these points.

Bacteria can shield their own genomes from this process by attaching chemical compounds called methyl groups at the points which the restriction enzymes attack.

The scientists modified the original genome of the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides, whilst it was inside the yeast cell. Then they either attached methyl groups to it, or inactivated the restriction enzyme of the recipient bacterium, before transplanting the genome into its new cell.

The team aims to transplant a fully synthetic genome into a bacterial cell – creating bacteria that can be programmed to carry out specific functions – for example, digesting biological material to produce fuel. (ANI)