Mother reliving son’s horrific work death

A coronial inquest has started into the workplace death of a teenage apprentice in Adelaide.

Daniel Madeley, 18, was operating a horizontal borer at Diemould Tooling in 2004 when his dustcoat caught in a spindle and he was sucked into the machine.

He suffered horrific injuries and died the next day.

The company pleaded guilty in the Industrial Court, which meant no witnesses were called.

Mr Madeley’s mother Andrea says the coronial inquest allows those witnesses to be heard and she has been given permission to cross-examine them herself.

“Effectively through the criminal justice system you are nothing but a spectator,” she said.

“This is very different and there’s a lot of evidence to come but it is important I feel it is an opportunity that at least you can have some answers yourself rather than relying on someone else hoping they’ll get the questions asked.”

Ms Madeley hopes the coroner’s proceedings will make workplaces safer for others.

“What I’m hoping is that we’re going to see recommendations from the coroner’s court that will ultimately save lives,” she said.

The opening day of the hearing was told Daniel Madeley had been trained on the machine that killed him by another apprentice, Mark Remfrey.

Mr Remfrey told the court he was the one who pushed the emergency stop button when Mr Madeley got caught and who stayed with him until help arrived.

He believes his co-worker’s sleeve got caught as he was applying coolant to the drill bit.

Ultra-powerful laser makes silicon pump liquid uphill with no added energy

Washington, March 17 (ANI): Reports indicate that researchers at the University of Rochester’s Institute of Optics have used an ultra-powerful laser to make liquid flow vertically upward along a silicon surface, overcoming the pull of gravity, without pumps or other mechanical devices.

Professor Chunlei Guo and his assistant Anatoliy Vorobyev from the University of Rochester demonstrated that by carving intricate patterns in silicon with extremely short, high-powered laser bursts, they can get liquid to climb to the top of a silicon chip like it was being sucked through a straw.

Unlike a straw, though, there is no outside pressure pushing the liquid up; it rises on its own accord.

By creating nanometer-scale structures in silicon, Guo greatly increases the attraction that water molecules feel toward it.

The attraction, or hydrophile, of the silicon becomes so great, in fact, that it overcomes the strong bond that water molecules feel for other water molecules.

Thus, instead of sticking to each other, the water molecules climb over one another for a chance to be next to the silicon.

The water rushes up the surface at speeds of 3.5 cm per second.

Yet, the laser incisions are so precise and nondestructive that the surface feels smooth and unaltered to the touch.

According to Guo, this work could pave the way for novel cooling systems for computers that operate much more effectively, elegantly, and efficiently than currently available options.

“Heat is definitely the number one problem deterring the design of faster conventional processors,” said Michael Scott, a professor of computer science at the University.

So far, designers have not created liquid cooling systems that are cost-effective and energy efficient enough to become widely used in economical personal computers.

Although Guo’s discovery has not yet been incorporated into a prototype, he thinks that silicon that can pump its own coolant has the potential to contribute greatly to the design of future cooling systems. (ANI)

Planck spacecraft obtains first peek of big bang’s ‘afterglow’

London, September 18 (ANI): European Space Agency’s (ESA’s) Planck spacecraft has obtained its first peek at the afterglow of the big bang, revealing it in unprecedented detail.

The ESA spacecraft was launched into space on May 14 this year. It is observing the glow of hot gas from just 380,000 years after the big bang, called the cosmic microwave background (CMB).

According to a report in New Scientist, the detailed properties of this background may contain hints of hidden extra dimensions or multiple universes, as well as providing clues to what caused a brief, early period of incredibly rapid cosmic expansion.

Planck began surveying the microwave background on August 13, a few weeks after reaching its planned perch 1.5 million kilometres from Earth at a point called L2 and cooling its detectors to within 0.1 degrees Celsius above absolute zero.

Now, the Planck team has released the probe’s first image, an observational strip covering about 5 per cent of the sky.

Slight variations in temperature from place to place in the early universe give the image its mottled appearance.

“With a few per cent of the data in, you can see it’s working well and delivering good stuff,” said team member George Efstathiou of the University of Cambridge.

Planck is expected to provide the most detailed all-sky map of the cosmic microwave background yet, improving on the best current map, obtained by NASA’s Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP), which launched in 2001.

Planck’s detectors have more than 10 times the sensitivity of WMAP’s, and about 2.5 times the angular resolution.

“Every strip that Planck scans, we’re getting data that is many, many times more sensitive than WMAP,” Efstathiou told New Scientist.

Although Planck was only designed to observe the sky for 15 months, the team believes it could last for more than 30 months, based on new estimates of how long its coolant will last.

The extra time will allow Planck to measure the radiation with even greater precision, since it will scan the entire sky four times – two more than originally planned. (ANI)

New formula may improve ability to predict drinking water needs

Washington, July 9 (ANI): A study has worked out a new formula to predict drinking water needs, which if successful, could accurately forecast water needs not only for soldiers, but also for civilians who work or exercise outdoors.

The study, “Expanded prediction equations of human sweat loss and water needs,” appears in the online edition of the Journal of Applied Physiology.

It substantially improves a water needs equation that the US Army developed in 1982.

The Army spends substantial resources transporting water to troops in the field, including Afghanistan and Iraq.

Water transport accounts for about one-third of in-theatre costs, according to Dr. Samuel N. Cheuvront, one of the researchers involved in the study.

Dr. Cheuvront points out that an improved sweating prediction equation would not only help keep troops healthy and cut the cost of operations, but would also facilitate better civilian water planning when desired.

The harder an individual exercises, the more oxygen he or she consumes and the more heat the body produces.

Sweat is the body’s coolant, but it only cools when it evaporates from the skin.

When it is muggy out, the air is moist, slowing the sweat evaporation rate and reducing its cooling power.

Sweat rate and water needs are difficult to predict because water needs are so variable. Inactive individuals lose between one and three liters of body water a day.

More activity and warmer climates can double or even triple ordinary losses. Sweat rates also vary depending on body size, exercise intensity, clothing, air temperature, humidity, wind, and even the individual’s own genes.

In this study, the researchers collected data on 80 men and 21 women who exercised in the laboratory under varying conditions of work intensity and duration, environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, and types of clothing.

They measured the sweat losses for each volunteer and compared that to the sweat loss predicted by the equation.

Once they were able to compare the prediction versus the real sweat rate, they derived specific algorithms statistically so that the predictions would more accurately reflect the observed sweat rates.

The study produced two equations.

The researchers then cross validated the new equations, using new data from 21 men and 9 women.

One of the equations increased the prediction accuracy by 58 percent and one increased accuracy by 65 percent.

“Either of these equations would provide predictions accurate enough to be used in the field,” Dr. Cheuvront said. (ANI)

New storage system design brings hydrogen cars closer to reality

Washington, April 3 (ANI): Researchers at Purdue University, US, have developed a critical part of a hydrogen storage system for cars that makes it possible to fill up a vehicle’s fuel tank within five minutes with enough hydrogen to drive 300 miles.

The research, funded by General Motors Corp. and directed by GM researchers Darsh Kumar, Michael Herrmann and Abbas Nazri, is based at the Hydrogen Systems Laboratory at Purdue’s Maurice J. Zucrow Laboratories.

The system uses a fine powder called metal hydride to absorb hydrogen gas.

The researchers have created the system’s heat exchanger, which circulates coolant through tubes and uses fins to remove heat generated as the hydrogen is absorbed by the powder.

The heat exchanger is critical because the system stops absorbing hydrogen effectively if it overheats, according to Issam Mudawar, a professor of mechanical engineering, who is leading the research.

Researchers envision a system that would enable motorists to fill their car with hydrogen within a few minutes.

The hydrogen would then be used to power a fuel cell to generate electricity to drive an electric motor.

“The idea is to have a system that fills the tank and at the same time uses accessory connectors that supply coolant to extract the heat,” said Mudawar.

“This presented an engineering challenge because we had to figure out how to fill the fuel vessel with hydrogen quickly while also removing the heat efficiently,” he explained.

The metal hydride is contained in compartments inside the storage “pressure vessel.” Hydrogen gas is pumped into the vessel at high pressure and absorbed by the powder.

According to Mudawar, “This process is reversible, meaning the hydrogen gas may be released from the metal hydride by decreasing the pressure in the storage vessel.”

“The heat exchanger is fitted inside the hydrogen storage pressure vessel. Due to space constraints, it is essential that the heat exchanger occupy the least volume to maximize room for hydrogen storage,” he added.

The heat exchanger, which is made mostly of aluminum, contains a network of thin fins that provide an efficient cooling path between the metal hydride and the coolant.

“This milestone paves the way for practical on-board hydrogen storage systems that can be charged multiple times in much the same way a gasoline tank is charged today,” said Kumar.

“As newer and better metal hydrides are developed by research teams worldwide, the heat exchanger design will provide a ready solution for the automobile industry,” he added. (ANI)