Times Square suspect’s radicalisation was gradual: US investigators

Washington, May 7 (ANI): American investigators have said that Times Square bombing suspect Faisal Shahzad’s radicalization was gradual, cumulative and largely self-contained, meaning that it did not involve typical catalysts such as direct contact with a radical cleric, a visible conversion to militant Islam or a significant setback in life.

The Washington Post quoted a senior U.S. intelligence official, as saying that Shahzad”s transition “was a gradual thing that started years ago.”

“It wasn”t suddenly, ”I found God, and this is the right path.” There is a combination of religion and anger,” he added.

The official noted that Shahzad had made at least a dozen return trips to Pakistan since arriving in the United States in 1999 and that the CIA”s campaign of Predator strikes and Pakistan”s recent military operations are focused on a part of the country very close to where Shahzad grew up.

Officials stressed that investigators are still struggling to come up with a cohesive account of how Shahzad evolved into a would-be terrorist, but that they are increasingly convinced that his accounts to interrogators, in particular his assertion that he was trained by the Pakistani Taliban, are on the mark.

“We have nothing that is contradictory to what he is telling us,” said a senior Obama administration official, adding that undisclosed new information from Shahzad”s interrogation “sheds some light” on his motivation.

“Obviously, we want to see if there are any links, especially recently,” to terrorist groups, said the official. (ANI)

Roy scores 28 as Trail Blazers hold off Nets

EAST RUTHERFORD, N.J. — Brandon Roy scored 10 of his 28 points in the fourth quarter and the Portland Trail Blazers avoided blowing a big lead for a second straight game by holding off the New Jersey Nets 102-93 on Tuesday night.

LaMarcus Aldridge added 27 points and Andre Miller had 20 as the Trail Blazers overcame an ankle injury to recently acquired center Marcus Camby in snapping a two-game losing streak and winning for only the sixth time in 14 games.

The second game of that slide came Sunday when Portland squandered a 25-point lead and lost to Utah in overtime.

Courtney Lee and Devin Harris led the Nets with 28 points apiece. The total matched Lee’s career high set earlier this season and was a season high for Harris.

The Nets (5-52) cut a 21-point second-half deficit to five points several times in the fourth quarter, but couldn’t get over the hump.

The victory, coupled with New Orleans’ loss to Cleveland, gave the Trail Blazers a two-game lead in the race for the final playoff berth in the Western Conference.

New Jersey made Portland work in losing its fourth straight. The Nets, who blew an 18-point first half lead in a loss to Memphis on Sunday, rallied from the 21-point deficit by shooting almost 77 percent from the field in the third quarter.

Lee and Harris were the catalysts, combining for 21 points on 8 of 10 shooting. The 33-point quarter got New Jersey within 77-70 entering the final quarter.

New Jersey closed to within five points four times in the final 6:11, but Roy answered the first three times, hitting two of three free throws, a baseline jumper and drive, the last one with 3:57 to go for a 93-86 lead.

Harris hit two free throws to close the gap to 93-88 with 3:45 to go, but Miller nailed a 3-pointer and Roy made two free throws after Harris hit a drive for a 98-90 lead.

The only basket the Nets hit after that was a three-quarter court 3-pointer by Lee at the buzzer.

Portland was dominant in the first half, shooting nearly 59 percent in taking a 56-37 lead.

Roy scored 12 points in the first quarter to help the Trail Blazers build a 32-22 lead, and Aldridge had 10 in the second to push the advantage to 56-37.

Camby, acquired on Feb. 16 from the Los Angeles Clippers for Steve Blake, Travis Outlaw and cash considerations, was hurt when Nets center Brook Lopez (17 points, 10 rebounds) appeared to step on his ankle as both waited for a rebound with 6:47 left in the first quarter.

Ironically, the last time Camby played here with the Clippers on Jan. 27, he also didn’t get out of the first quarter. He bruised his ribs and left after seven minutes.

Portland has already lost centers Greg Oden and Joel Przybilla for the season with injuries.

NOTES: Aldridge has scored at least 15 points in 18 straight games. … Nets starting small forward Jarvis Hayes missed the game with a strained left calf. … Harris picked up four fouls in the first half and none in the second. … Harris knocked referee David Jones into the front row of seats late in the fourth quarter going for a loose ball. … Portland has five straight against New Jersey.

Copyright 2010 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Catalyst simulations for fuel cells may make clean cars a reality

Washington, Sep 18 (ANI): University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers are working towards developing better catalyst for fuel cells in a bid to make clean cars a reality.

If successful, the researchers could make a car that runs on hydrogen from solar power, and produces water instead of carbon emissions.

Materials science and engineering assistant professor Dane Morgan and Ph.D. student Edward (Ted) Holby have developed a computational model that could optimise an important component of fuel cells, making it possible for the technology to have a more widespread use.

The researchers investigated how particle size is related to the overall stability of a material, and showed with their model that increasing the particle size of a fuel cell catalyst decreases degradation and therefore increases the useful lifetime of a fuel cell.

Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that facilitate a reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, producing electrical power and forming water.

In the type of fuel cells Morgan is researching, called proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), hydrogen is split into a proton and electron at one side of the fuel cell (the anode).

The proton moves through the device while the electron is forced to travel in an external circuit, where it can perform useful work, while at the other side of the fuel cell (the cathode), the protons, electrons and oxygen combine to form water, which is the only waste product.

One of the many hurdles to producing efficient fuel cells for widespread use is the catalyst added to aid the reaction between protons, electrons and oxygen at the cathode.

Current fuel cells use platinum and platinum alloys as a catalyst. While platinum can withstand the corrosive fuel cell environment, it is expensive and not very abundant.

Thus, to maximize platinum use, researchers use catalysts made with platinum particles as small as two nanometers, which are approximately 10 atoms across.

These tiny structures have a large surface area on which the fuel cell reaction occurs.

However, platinum catalysts this small degrade very quickly, which means that the fuel cell doesn’t last long.

The researchers have found a possible solution to the rapid degradation problem-when it comes to catalyst particle size, sometimes smaller isn’t better.

In their modelling work, they showed that if the particle size of a platinum catalyst is increased to four or five nanometers, which is approximately 20 atoms across, the level of degradation significantly decreases.

This means the catalyst and the fuel cell as a whole can continue to function for much longer than if the particle size was only two or three nanometers.

“Fuel cells are just one of many energy technologies – solar, battery, etc. – with enormous potential to reduce our dependence on oil and our carbon emissions. Computer simulation offers a powerful tool to understand and develop new materials at the heart of these energy technologies,” said Morgan. (ANI)

Foul odour from industrial chicken rendering facilities may soon be history

Washington, Aug 27 (ANI): A research team led by Indian-origin scientist from North Carolina State University has devised a new technique that can help eliminate foul odour and air pollutants from industrial chicken rendering facilities.

Rendering facilities take animal byproducts (e.g., skin, bones, feathers) and process them into useful products such as fertilizer. However, the rendering process produces extremely foul odours.

Currently, the industry uses chemical “scrubbers” to remove odor-causing agents, but this technique is not very effective.

Furthermore, some of the odour-causing compounds are aldehydes, which can combine with other atmospheric compounds to form ozone – triggering asthma attacks and causing other adverse respiratory health effects.

According to Praveen Kolar, assistant professor of biological and agricultural engineering, the inexpensive treatment process uses ozone and specially-designed catalysts to break down the odour-causing compounds.

The new technique with an effective filtration system takes advantage of catalytic oxidation to remove these odour-causing pollutants.

This process takes place at room temperature, so there are no energy costs, and results in only two byproducts: carbon dioxide and pure water.

The researchers developed the catalysts by coating structures made of activated carbon with a nanoscale film made of cobalt or nickel oxides.

“We used activated carbon because its porous structure gives it an extremely large surface area meaning that there is more area that can be exposed to the odorous agents,” said Kolar.

The cobalt and nickel oxide nanofilms make excellent catalysts, Kolar explains, “because they increase the rate of the chemical reaction between the odour-causing compounds and the ozone, making the process more efficient. They are also metals that are both readily available and relatively inexpensive.” (ANI)

Club Alanzo Cruises project to divest 58 percent, seeks partner

Mumbai, June 29 (ANI/Business Wire India): Alanzo I and Alanzo II are the two traditional wooden ships under Club Alanzo Cruises and are expected to be the luxuriest traditional wooden ships, these ships are also known as Chinese junks.

Alanzo I, which is 49.5 m (162.40 ft) long, will accommodate 12 passengers while Alanzo II, which is 160 m (524.93 ft) long, can accommodate about 160/ 200 passengers.

Club Alanzo Cruises is seeking project partner and the volume of the investment for Club Alanzo Cruises comprising of Alanzo I and Alanzo II is estimated to be about Euro 250 million, this includes the construction cost and one year running of the cruises.

The promoters are willing to divest 58 per cent stake in the project and has already invested Euro 1.3 million.

The ships in the Club Alanzo series represent a unique and new concept at an international level.

They combine the Chinese traditional wooden shipbuilding design of the junks with luxury interiors inspired by various traditional cultural styles by taking advantage of the advances of modern technology.

This combination results in the production of ships in the ‘extra’ class which are solely intended for clients in the growth markets of luxury cruises and luxury chartered yachts.

The first ship Alanzo I that is currently being constructed, occupies a niche in both market segments because of its design, the way in which she is constructed will offer the comfort of a cruise traveling to some of the most beautiful areas of the world which have previously only been accessible to smaller sailing yachts. Both the ships are really innovative which can also act as catalysts for economic success.

Alanzo II, although planning and design of the cruise is ready, is now waiting to start its construction work. The implementation phase for this ship will start once Alanzo I have been put into service or may be earlier. This vessel historically was first built during 1405-1435 known as Zheng He treasure ships in the fleet of Chinese Admiral Zheng.

Both the ship is completely made of wood and is a reproduction of a historic and pirate Chinese junk.

Project manager Shweta Jain states that the ships will be repositioned at Europe and will be based in Barcelona for cruises to Nice, Cannes, Monaco or the Balearic Islands. From January to the end of May, the ships are mainly to be used in the Caribbean before it moves to the Mediterranean.

Jain also one percent equity holder states that it makes more business sense to divest to a professionally managed equity partner preferably who can share its expertise and backed with strong financial support in a professional manner as the project clientele is targeted for the high-end market and there exist a vacuum for this segment.

Partners of Brus Chambers, Solicitors, and the best-known shipping law firm are also partners and advisers to this project.

The project has already hotel partnered with Dubai’s iconic Burj Al Arab and the Sandy Lane hotel in St James, Barbados. The emphasis remains largely on the luxury end of the market.

A Goettingen, Germany born conceptualiser and Promoter, Mr. Alanzo Langecker. holds the right to the ships. A new company is proposed to be established and subsequently the title rights for the wooden ship will be transferred to the new company.

Langecker states that the project is conceptualized to sail as a luxury ship and the whole business idea is centered around building heritage replica vessels. (ANI)

Lara Bingle, Lee Furlong no-shows at WAG counselling session

Melbourne, May 27 (ANI): Cricket WAGS Lara Bingle and Lee Furlong were no-shows at yesterday’s special counselling seminar held at the team’s pre-Ashes camp on the Sunshine Coast.

The wives and girlfriends of all 25 contracted Australian cricketers – especially the 16 to tour England – were invited to sessions overseen by Relationships Australia.

They came after scenes of high tension between some WAGS on the 2005 Ashes tour.

According to the Daily Telegraph, partners of just over half the 16 – and their children – attended two sessions designed to help them cope with tensions on the road or being without their partners for long periods.

The WAGS will be with the team for the first two Tests in July, then another long separation from husbands, beaus and fathers begins.

Don’t call me a WAG, says Furlong

Confidential has learnt one of the catalysts for the counselling sessions was following the Lords Test in 2005, when the cricketers, on returning to their hotel after celebrating their win, discovered their women in the middle of a heated argument.

A source said two senior players’ wives had an argument – and other WAGS joined in.

“We walked into the foyer and all the partners were angry and upset with their hands on hips,” a source said.

Pope said Furlong who is partner to Shane Watson and Bingle who is fiancee of Michael Clarke were unable to attend due to work commitments. (ANI)

Soon, scientists to produce plastic that grows on trees

Washington, May 20 (ANI): Soon, scientists are literally going to produce plastic that grows on trees, starting from a one-stop process that derives raw material for fuels and plastic from plants rather than crude oil.

In a new research, chemists have successfully converted cellulose, which is the most common plant carbohydrate, directly into the building block called HMF in one step.

The result builds upon earlier work by researchers at the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. In that work, scientists produced HMF from simple sugars derived from cellulose.

In this new work, researchers developed a way to bypass the sugar-forming step and go straight from cellulose to HMF.

This simple process generates a high yield of HMF and allows the use of raw cellulose as feed material.

“In biomass like wood, corn stover and switchgrass, cellulose is the most abundant polymer that researchers are trying to convert to biofuels and plastics,” said chemist Z. Conrad Zhang, who led the work while at PNNL’s Institute for Interfacial Catalysis.

HMF, also known as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, can be used as a building block for plastics and “biofuels” such as gasoline and diesel, essentially the same fuels processed from crude oil.

The chemical, a metal chloride known as chromium chloride, converted sugar into highly pure HMF.

But, to be able to feed cellulosic biomass directly from nature, the team still needed to break down cellulose into simple sugars.

Zhang and colleagues wanted to learn how to skip that step.

After trying different metal chloride catalysts in the ionic solvent, the team found a pair of catalysts that worked well: A combination of copper chloride and chromium chloride under 120 degrees Celsius broke down the cellulose without creating a lot of unwanted byproducts.

In additional experiments, the team tested how well their method compared to acid, a common way to break down cellulose.

The metal chlorides-ionic liquid system worked ten times faster than the acid and at much lower temperatures.

Optimizing their method, the team found that they could consistently achieve a high yield of HMF.

The method converted about 57 percent of the sugar content in the cellulose feedstock to HMF through this single step process.

The team recovered more than 90 percent of the HMF formed, and the final product from the process was 96 percent pure.

According to PNNL geochemist and study coauthor Jim Amonette, “By combining the cellulose-breakdown and sugar-conversion steps, we are very close to a single-step method of converting raw biomass into a new platform chemical – a chemical you can readily turn into a transportation fuel or for synthesis of plastics and other useful materials.”(ANI)

A bacterium that eats electricity to convert CO2 into methane

London, April 6 (ANI): A team of scientists has discovered a new bacterium that feeds on electricity and uses it to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into methane, which could then be stored and burned when needed.

According to a report in New Scientist, Bruce Logan’s team at Pennsylvania State University in University Park discovered the bacterium.

When living on the cathode of an electrolytic cell, the organism can take in electrons and use their energy to convert carbon dioxide into methane.

Logan’s team discovered this behaviour in a mixed culture of bacteria, dominated by ethanobacterium palustre – the first to be observed directly manufacturing methane in this way.

The behaviour had been previously suspected but not confirmed.

Tom Curtis at the Institute for Research on Environment and Sustainability at Newcastle University, UK, said that the use of bacteria, rather than conventional catalysts, is a plus.

“There are no noble metals involved, so it should be very cheap,” he said.

Of the energy put into the system as electricity, 80 percent was eventually recovered when the methane was burned, which is a fairly high efficiency.

“You don’t get all the energy back, but that’s a problem with any form of energy storage,” said Curtis.

If the CO2 used to make the methane was captured from the flue pipes of power stations or even – using more complex methods – from the open air, the methane would become a carbon-neutral fuel.

Logan is optimistic about the method’s potential.

“Commercial applications could be just a few years down the road,” he said.

According to Curtis, “If you have a windmill, say, you need a relatively simple way to store the energy. What I like about this method is it’s simple, it’s replicable and it’s scalable.” (ANI)

Cells that feed on human blood might one day power pacemakers

London, April 2 (ANI): Scientists have created tiny microbial fuel cells by encapsulating yeast cells in a flexible capsule, which can generate power from a drop of human blood plasma, and might one day energize implants such as pacemakers.

According to a report in New Scientist, the cells, developed by a team at the University of British Columbia (UBC) in Vancouver, Canada, can feed on the glucose in human blood.

Such fuel cells would be especially useful for devices, such as intraspinal microelectrodes for treating paralysis, which need to be implanted in places where replacing a battery is tricky, according to Mu Chiao, who co-authored the paper with Chin-Pang-Billy Siu, also at UBC.

Conventional fuel cells rely on high-temperature catalysts such as platinum to strip electrons from fuels and generate a current.

The idea with microbial fuel cells, which are being investigated as large-scale power sources is to exploit the wide range of low-temperature catalysts – enzymes – found in living cells.

The easiest way to do this is to simply steal the electrons produced when cells start to break down food.

This can be done with the help of an “electron mediator” – a chemical small enough to pass into cells, grab some electrons, and diffuse out again.

The new fuel cell consists of a colony of Saccharomyces cerevisiae – the kind of yeast commonly used in brewing and baking – encapsulated in a fuel cell made of a form of silicone called polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).

The prototype is 15 millimetres square and 1.4 mm thick.

Methyl blue – a chemical often used to stain biological samples – is used as the electron mediator.

This steals some of the electrons produced when the yeast metabolises glucose and delivers them to the anode side of the cell – creating a small current.

On the cathode side, hydrogen ions that diffuse out of the yeast cells combine with oxygen to create water.

To increase the surface area of the electrodes and thus boost the fuel cell’s power output, the team used a silicon etching technique to create “micropillars” roughly 40 micrometers square and 8 micrometers high.

“The yeast-based fuel cell produces around 40 nanowatts of power, compared to the microwatt a typical wristwatch battery might produce,” said Chaio.

That might be enough power for some devices if it were coupled with a capacitor to allow energy to be stored.

The yeast could also be genetically engineered to boost its power output. (ANI)

Women journalists discuss challenges faced in northeast

Imphal, Mar. 22 (ANI): The seventh annual conference of the National Network in Media, India (or NWMI) was held here to provide a glimpse into lives of women journalists who brave numerous difficulties in covering conflict issues.

Salma Shah and Satyamala Devi are two such Manipur based journalists, who have been highlighting the issues and problems affecting the State.

“This is really complicated being in a state like Manipur and handling all this situation by women in Manipur. It’s really complicated,” Shah said.

“We are facing lots of problems because of the law and order situation and especially we have lots of crime and all, physically also it is not nice. In that way, women are facing lots of problems,” Devi reiterated.

During the annual conference of National Network in Media, seventy women journalists from across the country participated.

“We can show the rich culture that we have in Manipur and also highlight the problems that we face here and we feel that when our friends go back home, they will be more sensitive to problems and issues that exist in Manipur,” Anjulika Devi, Coordinator of NWMI.

There were interaction programmes on myriad issues between editors and journalists of the local dailies with NWMI members who came from different parts of the country.

“It’s truly amazing. In bigger cities like Delhi and Mumbai where we work, our interpretation of challenges and risk are totally different from your interpretation of challenges and risk we take up. If I am to compare the work journalist in northeast are doing, its minuscule, its hardly 10% of the work you are doing here,” said Alifia Khan, senior correspondent of Hindustan Times.

NWMI is a national network is a forum for women media professionals to share information, resources, exchange ideas, promote media awareness, ethics, and work for gender equality and justice within the media and society.

Such conferences initiated by journalists can act as catalysts in bringing about positive changes in the region. By: L. C. K. Singh(ANI)

Indian origin scientist reveals new applications for carbon nanomaterials in hydrogen storage

Washington, March 13 (ANI): A scientist of Indian origin is part of an international research team, which has revealed new applications for carbon nanomaterials in hydrogen storage.

The scientist in question is Rajeev Ahuja from Uppsala University, US, who set out to understand the mechanism behind the catalytic effects of carbon nanomaterials.

Our energy-hungry world has become increasingly dependent on new methods to store and convert energy for new, environmentally friendly modes of transportation and electrical energy generation as well as for portable electronics.

Mobility – the transport of people and goods – is a socioeconomic reality that will surely increase in the coming years.

Hydrogen, which can be produced with little or no harmful emissions, has been projected as a long term solution for a secure energy future.

Research into safe and efficient means of hydrogen production, storage, and use is essential to make the “hydrogen economy” a reality.

Car manufactures are showing interest in using solid state hydrogen storage materials, e.g. NaAlH4, as new energy storage media.

The functional properties of these materials however have to be improved by catalysts.

The effect of earlier catalysts, e.g. Ti, has been difficult to explain. The current results give an unambiguous understanding of the mechanism at work in the new carbon nanomaterial catalysts.

The researchers set out to understand the mechanism behind the catalytic effects of carbon nanomaterials, specifically on the example of sodium alanate, which is a popular material for hydrogen storage studies.

“Now that the catalytic capabilities of carbon nanomaterials have been demonstrated so clearly and the mechanism that makes this behaviour possible has been understood, we expect a strong impulse on putting this effect to use in practical applications,” said Professor Rajeev Ahuja.

“Certainly, our findings have the strongest impact in the field of hydrogen storage, but beyond that, the same mechanism that we revealed can make carbon nanomaterials a very important catalyst in many other systems as well,” he added.

Experimental and theoretical efforts were combined in a synergistic approach and the results will fasten efforts to develop new catalysts. (ANI)

Platinum nanowires may pave way for more efficient fuel cells

Washington, Mar 12 (ANI): Researchers at the University of Rochester have created long platinum nanowires that may lead to the development of commercially viable fuel cells.

It is believed that the new wires could provide significant increases in both the longevity and efficiency of fuel cells, which have until now been used largely for such exotic purposes as powering spacecraft.

Lead author James C. M. Li, professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Rochester has said that nanowire enhanced fuel cells could power many types of vehicles, helping reduce the use of petroleum fuels for transportation.

“People have been working on developing fuel cells for decades. But the technology is still not being commercialised. Platinum is expensive, and the standard approach for using it in fuel cells is far from ideal. These nanowires are a key step toward better solutions,” said Li.

Roughly 10 nanometres in diameter, the platinum nanowires are long enough to create the first self-supporting “web” of pure platinum that can serve as an electrode in a fuel cell.

The scientists used a process known as electrospinning-a technique used to produce long, ultra-thin solid fibers-to create platinum nanowires that are thousands of times longer than any previous such wires.

“Our ultimate purpose is to make free-standing fuel cell catalysts from these nanowires,” said Li.

Within a fuel cell the catalyst facilitates the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, splitting compressed hydrogen fuel into electrons and acidic hydrogen ions.

Then the electrons are routed through an external circuit to supply power, while the hydrogen ions combine with electrons and oxygen to form the “waste” product, typically liquid or vaporous water.

The naowires completely avoid all the problems linked with using platinum nanoparticles, which were earlier used for making fuel cells.

With platinum arranged into a series of centimetre long, flexible, and uniformly thin wires, the particles comprising them are fixed in place and need no additional support. Platinum will no longer be lost during normal fuel cell operation.

“The reason people have not come to nanowires before is that it’s very hard to make them. The parameters affecting the morphology of the wires are complex. And when they are not sufficiently long, they behave the same as nanoparticles,” said Li.

The biggest challenge that the researchers overcame was to reduce the formation of platinum beads along the nanowires.

“With platinum being so costly, it’s quite important that none of it goes to waste when making a fuel cell. We studied five variables that affect bead formation and we finally got it-nanowires that are almost bead free,” said Li.

Now, the researchers hope to further optimise laboratory conditions to obtain fewer beads and even longer, more uniformly thin nanowires.

“After that, we’re going to make a fuel cell and demonstrate this technology,” said Li.

The study has been published in the journal Nano Letters. (ANI)

Now, ‘green’ gasoline closer to reality

Washington, Jan 14 (ANI): University of Oklahoma researchers are developing a process that would help convert biomass into eco-friendly gasoline.

The research team led by Lance Lobban, director of the School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering are interested in how best to use catalysts (solids that accelerate certain chemical reactions) and chemical reactors to convert biomass into new fuels that would alleviate dependence on foreign oil.

“The best fuels are the ones that closely duplicate gasoline, diesel and jet fuel so automakers aren’t forced to adapt to new fuels,” said Lobban.

“That would add expense and slow adoption of new fuels. We have to design processes to convert biomass so the product works with the current system,” he added.

Using the principles of molecular engineering, the researchers are identifying best fuel molecules that might be produced from biomass, and then they develop the catalysts to produce those molecules.

“An initial step we’re investigating is pryolsis, which converts the solid biomass to liquids through a high-temperature, non-combustion process that breaks large, solid molecules into smaller liquid ones without breaking them up too far,” said Lobban.

“The idea is to use a series of catalytic and separation steps to create the desired fuel molecules,” he added.

As oil becomes more expensive, and as it becomes more important to limit greenhouse gas emissions (“green” gasoline would be essentially carbon-neutral since its source is plants, which remove CO2 from the atmosphere), alternate fuels such as these will become increasingly desirable. (ANI)