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Media Advisory: Fraser Institute’s Annual Survey of Mining Companies to be Released Thursday, April 15

April 16, 2010 By vani Leave a Comment

VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, Apr 14 (MARKET WIRE) —
The Fraser Institute will release its Survey of Mining Companies
2009/2010 on Thursday, April 15 at 6:30 a.m. (Eastern).

This annual report represents the opinions of 670 mining executives and
managers worldwide on the policy and mineral endowment of 72
jurisdictions on all continents except Antarctica. Companies
participating in the survey reported exploration spending of US$2.9
billion in 2009 and of US$3.6 billion in 2008.

A news release with additional information will be issued via Marketwire
at 6:30 a.m. Eastern on Thursday, April 15.

The full report will also be available as a free PDF download at
www.fraserinstitute.org.

Fred McMahon, coordinator of the survey and the Institute’s
vice-president of international policy research, will be in Toronto and
available for media interviews the day of the release.

Follow the Fraser Institute on Twitter | Become a fan on Facebook

Check out our latest videos on YouTube

The Fraser Institute is an independent research and educational
organization with locations across North America and partnerships in more
than 70 countries. Its mission is to measure, study, and communicate the
impact of competitive markets and government intervention on the welfare
of individuals. To protect the Institute’s independence, it does not
accept grants from governments or contracts for research. Visit
www.fraserinstitute.org.

Contacts:
The Fraser Institute – Media Contact
Fred McMahon
Vice-President of International Policy Research
(416) 363-6575 ext. 226
fred.mcmahon@fraserinstitute.org

The Fraser Institute
Dean Pelkey
Director of Communications
(604) 714-4582
dean.pelkey@fraserinstitute.org
www.fraserinstitute.org

Filed Under: International News Tagged With: annual report, antarctica, Competitive Markets, Continents, Educational Organization, Endowment, Fraser Institute, Fraserinstitute, Government Intervention, Independent Research, Jurisdictions, Marketwire, media advisory, Media Contact, media interviews, Mining Companies, news release, Pelkey, Vancouver British Columbia, welfare

Media Advisory: Fraser Institute’s Annual Survey of Mining Companies to be Released Thursday, April 15

April 16, 2010 By vani Leave a Comment

VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, Apr 14 (MARKET WIRE) —
The Fraser Institute will release its Survey of Mining Companies
2009/2010 on Thursday, April 15 at 6:30 a.m. (Eastern).

A news release with additional information will be issued via Marketwire
at 6:30 a.m. Eastern on Thursday, April 15.

The full report will also be available as a free PDF download at
www.fraserinstitute.org.

Fred McMahon, coordinator of the survey and the Institute’s
vice-president of international policy research, will be in Toronto and
available for media interviews the day of the release.

Follow the Fraser Institute on Twitter | Become a fan on Facebook

Check out our latest videos on YouTube

Contacts:
The Fraser Institute – Media Contact
Fred McMahon
Vice-President of International Policy Research
(416) 363-6575 ext. 226
fred.mcmahon@fraserinstitute.org

The Fraser Institute
Dean Pelkey
Director of Communications
(604) 714-4582
dean.pelkey@fraserinstitute.org
www.fraserinstitute.org

Antarctica’s secret water network far more dynamic than believed

September 15, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, September 15 (ANI): The first complete map of the lakes beneath Antarctica’s ice sheets reveals the continent’s secret water network is far more dynamic than we thought, and could be acting as a powerful lubricant beneath glaciers, contributing to sea level rise.

According to a report in New Scientist, Ian Joughin at the University of Washington in Seattle and colleagues developed the map.

Unlike previous lake maps, which are confined to small regions, Joughin and colleagues mapped 124 subglacial lakes across Antarctica using lasers on NASA’s ICESat satellite.

The team also observed the lakes draining and filling.

While interior lakes tended to be static, many coastal lakes changed significantly. Some even appear to be connected by channels under the ice hundreds of kilometres long.

For instance, when upstream lakes under the Recovery glacier drained 3 cubic kilometres of water, lakes downstream gained a similar amount.

Water flowing under glaciers can act as a lubricant, causing land ice to accelerate into the sea and add to rising sea levels.

“The implications for the flow of ice are potentially quite significant,” said Andy Smith of the British Antarctic Survey in Cambridge, UK.

“Those lakes with no clear drainage channels are of particular interest because they could be spreading a thin film of lubricating water under glaciers,” he added. (ANI)

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Declining CO2 levels helped in Antarctic formation 34 million years ago

September 14, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, September 14 (ANI): In a major research study, the link between declining carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the earth’s atmosphere and the formation of the Antarctic ice caps some 34 million years ago has been confirmed for the first time.

The research was carried out by a team of scientists from Cardiff, Bristol and Texas A and M universities, in a small East African village, where they extracted microfossils in samples of rocks which show the level of CO2 in the Earth’s atmosphere at the time of the formation of the ice-cap.

Geologists have long speculated that the formation of the Antarctic ice-cap was caused by a gradually diminishing natural greenhouse effect.

The study’s findings confirm that atmospheric CO2 declined during the Eocene – Oligocene climate transition and that the Antarctic ice sheet began to form when CO2 in the atmosphere reached a tipping point of around 760 parts per million (by volume).

According to Professor Paul Pearson from Cardiff University’s School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, who led the mission to the remote East Africa village of Stakishari, “About 34 million years ago, the Earth experienced a mysterious cooling trend. Glaciers and small ice sheets developed in Antarctica, sea levels fell and temperate forests began to displace tropical-type vegetation in many areas.”

“The period, known to geologists as the Eocene – Oligocene transition, culminated in the rapid development of a continental-scale ice sheet on Antarctica, which has been there ever since,” he said.

“We therefore set out to establish whether there was a substantial decline in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels as the Antarctic ice sheet began to grow,” he added.

The team mapped large expanses of bush and wilderness and pieced together the underlying local rock formations using occasional outcrops of rocks and stream beds.

Eventually, they discovered sediments of the right age near a traditional African village called Stakishari.

By assembling a drilling rig and extracting hundreds of meters of samples from under the ground, they were able to obtain exactly the piece of Earth’s history they had been searching for.

According to co-author Dr Gavin Foster from the University of Bristol Earth Sciences Department, “By using the rather unique set of samples from Tanzania and a new analytical technique that I developed, we have, for the first time, been able to reconstruct the concentration of CO2 across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary – the time period about 34 million years ago when ice sheets first started to grow on Eastern Antarctica.” (ANI)

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Antarctica’s plumbing system more dynamic than previously believed

September 2, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, Sept 2 (ANI): Scientists, using space-based lasers on a NASA satellite have created the most comprehensive inventory of lakes that actively drain or fill under Antarctica’s ice, which has revealed a continental plumbing system that is more dynamic than previously thought.

“Even though Antarctica’s ice sheet looks static, the more we watch it, the more we see there is activity going on there all the time,” said Benjamin Smith of the University of Washington in Seattle, who led the study.

Unlike most lakes, Antarctic lakes are under pressure from the ice above. That pressure can push melt water from place to place like water in a squeezed balloon.

The water moves under the ice in a broad, thin layer, but also through a linked cavity system. This flow can resupply other lakes near and far.

Understanding this plumbing is important, as it can lubricate glacier flow and send the ice speeding toward the ocean, where it can melt and contribute to sea level change.

But figuring out what’s happening beneath miles of ice is a challenge.

Researchers led by Smith analyzed 4.5 years of ice elevation data from NASA’s Ice, Cloud and land Elevation satellite (ICESat) to create the most complete inventory to date of changes in the Antarctic plumbing system.

The team has mapped the location of 124 active lakes, estimated how fast they drain or fill, and described the implications for lake and ice-sheet dynamics.

Smith, Helen Fricker, a geophysicist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and colleagues extended their elevation analysis to cover most of the Antarctic continent and 4.5 years of data from ICESat’s Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS).

By observing how ice sheet elevation changed between the two or three times the satellite flew over a section every year, researchers could determine which lakes were active.

They also used the elevation changes and the properties of water and ice to estimate the volume change.

Only a few of the more than 200 previously identified lakes were confirmed active, implying that lakes in East Antarctica’s high-density “Lakes District” are mostly inactive and do not contribute much to ice sheet changes.

Most of the 124 newly observed active lakes turned up in coastal areas, at the head of large drainage systems, which have the largest potential to contribute to sea level change.

According to Robert Bindschadler, a glaciologist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, “The survey shows that most active subglacial lakes are located where the ice is moving fast, which implies a relationship.” (ANI)

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Indian expedition to Antarctica approved

August 27, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

New Delhi, Aug 27 (ANI): The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) today accorded its approval for the continuation of the project “Polar Science; Expedition to Antarctica” during the XI Five Year Plan period at an estimated cost of Rs.230.01 crore.

The scientific expeditions which started in 1981 have contributed substantially to the growth of polar science in the country.

Experiments mounted by Indian scientists in disciplines such as atmospheric sciences and meteorology, earth sciences and glaciology, biology and environmental sciences have also contributed directly to global experiments mounted under the aegis of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR).

The Indian Antarctic research base “Maitri” (70o 45′ 56.9″S : 11o 44′ 08.62″E) is one of the few active permanent research stations in the Central Donning Maudland (CDML) of East Antarctica from where systematic scientific experiments are conducted on a year-round basis.

The facilities available at this research base include a weather observatory, geomagnetic station; a permanent seismological observatory, GPS station, ice-core drilling facilities and laboratories for environmental, human health and communication research.

The entire activities related to the planning, coordination and implementation of the Indian Antarctic Programme is managed by the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) through the National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR), Goa, an autonomous institute under the Ministry, established in 1998.

The objectives of this Programme are to continue the long-term scientific pursuits undertaken to understand the global processes and phenomena some of which are directly pertinent to our needs having potential applications.

The continuation emphasizes our perceptible and influential presence in Antarctica to uphold the country’s strategic interests in the Polar region and the surrounding oceans. (ANI)

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Giant Martian egg cups could be used to trace the Red Planet’s climate

July 14, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, July 14 (ANI): A new study has suggested that craters embedded on pedestals that tower above the Martian landscape like giant egg cups could be used to trace the planet’s climate.

‘Pedestal’ craters were gouged out by impacts, like other craters, but stand out because they sit atop plateaus that loom an average of 50 metres above the Martian surface.

It’s not clear exactly how the pedestals formed.

According to a report in New Scientist, a comprehensive catalogue of the objects is lending weight to the idea that the pedestals may conceal ice-rich soil from previous eras, when the planet’s spin axis tilted at a different angle than it does today.

Seth Kadish of Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, and colleagues identified 2696 pedestal craters in the planet’s mid- and low-latitudes from images taken primarily by the thermal imager aboard NASA’s Mars Odyssey spacecraft.

The craters seem to be concentrated at the mid-latitudes, with very few found at the planet’s equator.

About 3 per cent of them have depressions around their bases that resemble areas in Antarctica where permafrost ice vaporizes, creating pits in the soil left behind.

The team said that strengthens the hypothesis that the pedestals were created from soil that was enriched in ice during a period when the Martian poles pointed more towards the sun and its mid-latitudes were colder.

Because Mars does not have a massive satellite that stabilises it, like Earth’s moon, the tilt of its axis is thought to change regularly on scales of tens of thousands of years.

When the planet is tilted most drastically on its side, the planet’s poles receive a lot of sunshine. Any water locked in ice there is thought to vaporize and move towards the equator, where it falls as snow.

Tens of metres of snow are thought to be deposited on the planet’s mid-latitudes during these episodes.

Pedestal craters may preserve regions with this ancient snow.

The researchers suspect the impact of the meteorite that created each pedestal crater could somehow ‘armour’ the ground in the area, producing a top layer that protected ice from sublimating into gas during warmer periods.

The unprotected ice surrounding the armoured area, however, would eventually disappear when the planet’s tilt changed and the area warmed.

That would leave behind the modern-day, ice-laden pedestals that can be more than 100 metres thick.

“These pedestals represent almost like a cookie-cutter section of past icy, dust-rich layers,” Kadish said. (ANI)

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Factors other than trapped ice limit dune movement on Mars

July 8, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, July 8 (ANI): A study has determined that snow and ice trapped inside dunes on Mars does not entirely stop their movement, a finding which indicates that other factors are limiting the dune movement.

Planetary scientists have monitored some Martian sand dunes for more than 30 years, and the dunes have not moved during that time, leading scientists to question whether snow and ice trapped inside the dunes might be preventing movement.

However, a recent study, led by Mary Bourke, a senior research scientist at the Tucson-based Planetary Science Institute, shows that snow and ice are not enough in themselves to stop dune movement.

While trapped ice and snow impedes movement of sand dunes in polar climates, compared to their counterparts in warmer areas, this does not entirely stop dune movement, the study shows.

“This indicates that other factors are limiting dune movement,” said Bourke.

Bourke also showed that two small dunes recently disappeared on Mars. The dunes, which were 20 meters wide (about 65 feet) and located in the north polar region of Mars, were completely eroded away over a period of 5.7 Earth years.

“This (dune disappearance) is fantastic new data, showing that sand is transported on Mars where and when the wind energy is available,” Bourke said. “But the bigger, larger dunes on Mars are not moving, at least in the areas we studied,” she added.

In the most recent study, Bourke and her colleagues used vertical aerial photos and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data to estimate dune migration rates in Antarctica’s Victoria Valley dune field.

The photos, taken between 1961 and 2001, came from the USGS Antarctic Resource Center.

These dunes are known to be covered by seasonal snowfalls and have snow and ice layers trapped inside.

Bourke found that the dunes migrated about 1.5 meters (5 feet) per year, which is small compared to the distance covered by dunes in warm deserts, which can be as high as 30-70 meters (about 100 to 230 feet) a year.

Factors limiting dune movement on Mars would include the planet’s thin atmosphere, which requires very high wind speeds to provide the force needed to move sand, and the water and carbon-dioxide frosts that cover dunes in Mars’ polar regions for 70 percent of the year. (ANI)

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Sir Ranulph Fiennes can’t read maps, says wife

June 23, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, June 23 (ANI): Sir Ranulph Fiennes, Britain’s greatest living explorer and holder of several endurance records, does not know how to read maps, his wife has revealed.

Louise made the astonishing revelation while making arrangements for her own adventure doing a 100-mile one-day endurance race by horse.

The adventurer’s wife explained why Sir Ranulph, who spent 1979 to 1982 circumnavigating the world, would not be forming a part of her back-up team.

“Ran will be there when I cross the line but he won’t be crewing unbelievably, he can’t read a map,” The Mirror quoted her as saying.

Sir Ranulph was the first man to visit both the North and South poles by land and the first man to completely cross Antarctica on foot.

The 65-year-old, who has led more than 30 expeditions, climbed to the summit of Mount Everest in May becoming the oldest Briton to do so. (ANI)

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Ozone hole caused increased growth in Antarctic sea ice

April 22, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, April 22 (ANI): A new research has determined that increased growth in Antarctic sea ice during the past 30 years is a result of changing weather patterns caused by the ozone hole.

The research, done by scientists from British Antarctic Survey (BAS) and NASA, indicates that while there has been a dramatic loss of Arctic sea ice, Antarctic sea ice has increased by a small amount as a result of the ozone hole delaying the impact of greenhouse gas increases on the climate of the continent.

Sea ice plays a key role in the global environment – reflecting heat from the sun and providing a habitat for marine life. At both poles sea ice cover is at its minimum during summer.

However, during the winter freeze in Antarctica this ice cover expands to an area roughly twice the size of Europe.

Ranging in thickness from less than a meter to several meters, the ice insulates the warm ocean from the frigid atmosphere above.

Satellite images show that since the 1970s the extent of Antarctic sea ice has increased at a rate of 100,000 square kilometers a decade.

The new research helps explain why observed changes in the amount of sea-ice cover are so different in both polar regions.

According to lead author Professor John Turner of BAS, “Our results show the complexity of climate change across the Earth. While there is increasing evidence that the loss of sea ice in the Arctic has occurred due to human activity, in the Antarctic, human influence through the ozone hole has had the reverse effect and resulted in more ice.”

“Although the ozone hole is in many ways holding back the effects of greenhouse gas increases on the Antarctic, this will not last, as we expect ozone levels to recover by the end of the 21st Century. By then, there is likely to be around one third less Antarctic sea ice,” he said.

Using satellite images of sea ice and computer models, the scientists discovered that the ozone hole has strengthened surface winds around Antarctica and deepened the storms in the South Pacific area of the Southern Ocean that surrounds the continent.

This resulted in greater flow of cold air over the Ross Sea (West Antarctica) leading to more ice production in this region.

“This new research helps us solve some of the puzzle of why sea-ice is shrinking is some areas and growing in others,” said Turner. (ANI)

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Asia Society calls for strategy to avert water crisis

April 19, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, April 18 (IANS) Warning that decreased access to a safe, stable water supply in Asia ‘will have a profound impact on security throughout the region’, the Asia Society has sought a strategy to avert a crisis in countries like India.

The cascading set of consequences reduced access to fresh water will trigger include impaired food production, the loss of livelihood security, large-scale migration within and across borders, and increased economic and geopolitical tensions and instabilities, said a task force report of the Asia Society released in New York Friday.

The Asia Society is an international organisation dedicated to strengthening relationships and deepening understanding among the peoples of Asia and the US.

The task force on ‘Asia’s Next Challenge: Securing the Region’s Water Future’ was chaired by Singapore’s Ambassador-at-Large and Chairman of the Asia-Pacific Water Forum Tommy Koh. It included among its members Rajendra K. Pachauri, Indian chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Ajit Gulabchand of Hindustan Construction.

The task force report highlights the fact that although Asia is home to more than half of the world’s population, the region has less freshwater per capita than any continent other than Antarctica.

It maintains that while solutions are well within reach, they will require high-level political will and significant investments. Governments need to develop policies that can address multiple problems simultaneously, with the aim of reducing security risks and vulnerabilities and providing economic benefits such as investments in infrastructure for water conservation and management.

Asian countries should forge a regional approach in which governments and other key stakeholders, including nongovernmental organisations, civil society groups, and businesses, work together to clarify responsibilities and coordination mechanisms to address water security concerns.

For instance, looking beyond India’s national borders, the transboundary river systems that cut across India will drive hydropolitics in the region as India’s water consumption rates continue to climb, the report suggests.

India’s control of water flow along the Ganges River compromises Bangladesh’s ability to monitor and predict floods, the report suggests noting that ‘for Bangladesh, the Ganges may be the largest and most critical source of wate, but it is only one of more than 50 rivers entering the country from India’.

‘While the Joint Ganges River Commission facilitates information sharing between the two nations, Bangladesh continues to demand greater cooperation.’

More data – including rainfall data from farther upstream – would help Bangladesh prepare vulnerable downstream populations and improve models used to predict extreme events, the report says.

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Dust-swaddled galaxies light up the Universe

April 10, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, April 10 (ANI): An Antarctic balloon experiment has revealed that dramatic dust-swaddled stellar nurseries seem to be the main sources of a diffuse background light found in all directions in the Universe.

Astronomers have long suspected that individual galaxies are responsible for a diffuse glow of long-wavelength infrared light, called the far infrared background, that was detected by NASA’s Cosmic Background Explorer satellite in the 1990s.

But, accounting for all that light has been difficult, because astronomers must look for such distant galaxies in submillimetre light, which sits between radio and infrared light in the electromagnetic spectrum.

Water vapour in Earth’s atmosphere easily absorbs this radiation, making it difficult to detect from the ground.

According to a report in New Scientist, the Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) got around this problem by floating above most of Earth’s atmosphere.

The 2-metre telescope flew above Antarctica for 12 days and landed in early 2007.

By comparing BLAST’s data with that of the Spitzer Space Telescope, a team has identified some 450 individual sources that seem to be responsible for almost all of the far infrared background in the patch of sky BLAST observed.

“Essentially all the radiation came from individual galaxies,” said Mark Devlin of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.

More than half of the light seems to have been created by distant starbursts – galaxies undergoing intense star formation – at a time when the universe was less than 5 billion years old.

Smashups between galaxies triggered the formation of the most extreme bursts, which can radiate 1000 times more light than the Milky Way.

Dust in these distant galaxies blocks visible light from reaching Earth, but the energy of newly forming stars is absorbed and re-radiated in the infrared part of the spectrum.

“It seems finally we have identified where most of the dust in the universe is,” said Asantha Cooray, an astrophysicist at the University of California, Irvine.

Since stars rely on dust and gas for fuel, this could be useful for mapping how stars formed over the universe’s history. (ANI)

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ROUNDUP: US seeks restrictions on tourism to Arctic-Antarctic region

April 7, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington – The United States will push for more restrictions on tourism to the North and South Poles to protect the regions’ natural environment and avoid the worst effects of global warming, US Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton said Monday.

Opening a nearly two-week summit bringing together the two diplomatic bodies that govern the Arctic and Antarctic, Clinton warned that protecting the region was crucial to stabilizing the global climate.

“The changes under way in the Arctic will have long-term impacts on our economic future, our energy future and indeed again the future of our planet, so it is crucial that we work together,” Clinton said at an opening ceremony at the State Department in Washington.

The gathering, which brings together scientists and government officials from 47 countries, marks the first US-hosted summit on the environment since President Barack Obama took office in January, and comes as world governments are hoping to reach a new deal by December to curb the pollutants that cause global warming.

This week’s summit, which moves to Baltimore, Maryland, after Monday’s opening ceremony, will review the latest science, the impact of tourism and protecting the environment and species in the polar region.

“Strengthening environmental regulation is especially important as tourism to Antarctica increases,” Clinton said, proposing limits on larger ships and increasing safety and environmental regulations.

Scientists have warned that global warming is already having a significant impact on the world’s polar regions. Melting Arctic ice could cause a dangerous rise in global sea levels, flooding some coastlines and accelerating the impact of climate change around the world.

A study by US space agency NASA released on the sidelines of the polar summit found that Arctic ice was melting, and thinning, at a faster rate than expected. About 70 per cent of the Arctic’s sea ice now melts over the summer months, up from 40-50 per cent in the 1990s. Only 10 per cent of the ice survives two years or more.

A separate study last week by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the University of Washington warned that Arctic summers could be completely devoid of ice in 30 years time. Earlier studies forecast that the Arctic ice would vanish only at the turn of the next century.

The polar conference comes on the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Antarctic Treaty. Agreed to by 12 governments, the treaty designated the poles a peaceful “natural reserve” that could not be used by any governments for military purposes.

Clinton said that past agreements on protecting the poles served as a “living example” of governments’ ability to cooperate on environmental issues, and urged similar cooperation in the lead-up to a crucial Copenhagen summit on climate change at the end of the year.

“As the world prepares for climate talks in Copenhagen this December, meetings like this are more important than ever,” Clinton said.

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Ice bridge ruptures in Antarctic

April 6, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, April 5 (IANS) An ice bridge linking a shelf of ice the size of Jamaica to two islands in Antarctica has snapped, BBC reported.

Scientists say the collapse could mean the Wilkins Ice Shelf is on the brink of breaking away, and provides further evidence of rapid change in the region.

Sited on the western side of the Antarctic peninsula, the Wilkins shelf has been retreating since the 1990s.

Researchers regarded the ice bridge as an important barrier, holding the remnant shelf structure in place.

Its removal will allow ice to move more freely between Charcot and Latady islands, into the open ocean.

European Space Agency satellite pictures indicated last week that cracks were starting to appear in the bridge. Newly created icebergs were seen to be floating in the sea on the western side of the peninsula, which juts up from the continent towards South America’s southern tip.

David Vaughan, a glaciologist with the British Antarctic Survey who planted a GPS tracker on the ice bridge in January to monitor its movement, said the breaking of the bridge had been expected for some weeks; and much of the ice shelf behind is likely to follow.

‘We know that (the Wilkins Ice Shelf) has been very stable since the 1930s and then it started to retreat in the late 1990s; but we suspect it’s been stable for a very much longer period than that,’ he told BBC News.

‘The fact that it’s retreating and now has lost connection with one of its islands is really a strong indication that the warming on the Antarctic is having an effect on yet another ice shelf.’

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Ice bridge in Antarctica snaps, may cause Wilkins shelf to break away

April 6, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, April 6 (ANI): Latest reports indicate that an ice bridge linking a shelf of ice the size of Jamaica to two islands in Antarctica has snapped, which could mean the Wilkins Ice Shelf is on the brink of breaking away.

According to a report by BBC News, scientists say the collapse provides further evidence of rapid change caused by warming in the region.

Sited on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula, the Wilkins shelf has been retreating since the 1990s.

Researchers regarded the ice bridge as an important barrier, holding the remnant shelf structure in place.

Its removal will allow ice to move more freely between Charcot and Latady islands, into the open ocean.
The ice bridge has splintered at its thinnest point

European Space Agency (ESA) satellite pictures had indicated last week that cracks were starting to appear in the bridge.

Newly created icebergs were seen to be floating in the sea on the western side of the peninsula, which juts up from the continent towards South America’s southern tip.

The breaking of the bridge had been expected for some weeks; and much of the ice shelf behind is likely to follow, according to Professor David Vaughan, a glaciologist with the British Antarctic Survey, who planted a GPS tracker on the ice bridge in January to monitor its movement.

“We know that the Wilkins Ice Shelf has been completely or very stable since the 1930s and then it started to retreat in the late 1990s; but we suspect that it’s been stable for a very much longer period than that,” he told BBC News.

“The fact that it’s retreating and now has lost connection with one of its islands is really a strong indication that the warming on the Antarctic is having an effect on yet another ice shelf,” he added.
While the break-up will have no direct impact on sea level because the ice is floating, it heightens concerns over the impact of climate change on this part of Antarctica.

Over the past 50 years, the peninsula has been one of the fastest warming places on the planet. Many of its ice shelves have retreated in that time and six of them have collapsed completely. (ANI)

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Antarctic dust helps scientists unravel details of past climate change

March 30, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, March 30 (ANI): In a new study, dust trapped deep in Antarctic ice sheets is helping scientists unravel details of past climate change.

The study, carried out by the Universities of Edinburgh, Stirling and Lille, has found that the very coldest periods of the last ice age correspond with the dustiest periods in Antarctica’s past, thus establishing a link between the two.

They found that dust blown south to Antarctica from the windy plains of Patagonia – and deposited in the ice periodically over 80,000 years – provides vital information about glacier activity.

It indicates that the ebb and flow of glaciers in the Chilean and Argentinian region is a rich source of information about past climates – which had not until now been fully appreciated by scientists.

During the last ice age, glaciers in Patagonia were at their biggest and released their meltwater, containing dust particles, on to barren windy plains, from where dust was blown to Antarctica.

When the glaciers retreated even slightly, their meltwater ran into lakes at the edge of the ice, which trapped the dust, so that fewer particles were blown across the ocean to Antarctica.

Dust from the ice cores was analysed and found to be a close match with mud of the same age in the Magellan Straits, showing that most of the dust originated in this region.

According to Professor David Sugden, of the University of Edinburgh, “Ice cores from the Antarctic ice sheet act as a record of global environment. However, the dust levels showed some sudden changes which had us puzzled – until we realised that the Patagonian glaciers were acting as an on/off switch for releasing dust into the atmosphere.” (ANI)

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Brit adventurers to follow ‘Scott of the Antarctic’s’ footsteps

March 29, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

London, Mar 29 (ANI): Two British adventurers are literally set to follow the footsteps of Captain Robert Falcon Scott-who died on his return from the South Pole.

To mark the 100th anniversary of the explorer’s death, Ben Saunders and Alastair Humphreys announced their plans to travel to Antarctica today – 97 years to the day since Scott’s death.

And ever since Scott of the Antarctic’s ill-fated expedition in 1912 took his life on his way back, no one has successfully travelled to the Pole and back on foot.

Saunders and Humphreys will start their journey from Scott’s wooden hut on the coast of Antarctica in the autumn of 2011, in honour of his contribution to polar exploration and human endeavour.

The pair will drag their food and supplies on sledges, and will be alone and unaided during their 1,800-mile round-trip to the South Pole and back on foot.

They have estimated that the Scott Antarctic Expedition will take four months, and thus they will return in the centenary year of Scott’s death.

“The Scott Antarctic Expedition represents one of the most severe physical and psychological challenges on earth and the journey will be a chance to test the very limits of human potential, as well as an opportunity to fulfil a dream I’ve had since childhood,” the Daily Star quoted Plymouth-born Saunders as saying.

Saunders said that preparation would include trips to the Antarctic this year and next year, as well as numerous endurance events and fitness training. (ANI)

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President Michelle promises to strengthen Chile, India partnership

March 20, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Chennai, Mar 20 (ANI): Chilean President Michelle Bachelet today said both India and Chile are commemorating 60 years of friendship and now there is a need to strengthen and deepen the partnership.

Interacting with leaders of the I.T industry at a breakfast meeting organised by NASSCOM here, Michelle said Chile is an open economy with a great investment potential.

She also invited corporate leaders from the Indian Information technology and Bio-Tech Industry to take advantage of the friendly investment environment and invest in the country.

Lauding the gigantic steps made by India in the IT Sector in the last two decades, Bachelet said her government will study the Indian business model and steps will be taken to improve the linkages between university and industry.

Earlier, a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to encourage contribution towards mutual collaboration for growth and development of IT sectors in both the countries was signed between the NASSCOM and the Association of Information Technology companies, chile.

Later, Bachelet met scientists of the M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation. She also inaugurated Chile-India cultural exhibition.

She will be conferred with an honorary doctorate at a Madras University function later this evening.

Bachelet, who is on a five-day official visit to the country, had met President Pratibha Patil and Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh in New Delhi.

India and Chile also signed four agreements in the areas of space, renewable energy, education and mineral resources to strengthen their bilateral ties further.

The agreement on space is for exploration and utilization of outer-space for peaceful purposes.

An agreement on gender equality between both countries is also at an advance stage of negotiation. Both sides agreed to pursue cooperation in the Antarctica as well. Both countries also expressed an interest in strengthening cooperation in the areas of IT and biotechnology.

She is accompanied by a high-level delegation, including the Minister of Agriculture and Women Empowerment and a business delegation. She will also visit Agra. (ANI)

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Chilean President in Chennai on two-day visit

March 20, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Chennai, Mar 20 (ANI): Chilean President Michelle Bachelet arrived in Chennai on a two-day visit last evening.

The visiting dignitary had a meeting with State Governor Surjit Singh Barnala, who hosted a dinner in her honour.

During her visit, Bachelet will meet scientists of the M.S Swaminathan Research Foundation, besides interacting with IT entrepreneurs and corporate leaders.

She is also scheduled to inaugurate an Indo-Chile cultural exhibition.

Later, she will be conferred with an honorary doctorate at a Madras University function.

Bachelet, who is on a five-day official visit to the country, had met President Pratibha Patil and Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh in New Delhi.

India and Chile also signed four agreements in the areas of space, renewable energy, education and mineral resources to strengthen their bilateral ties further.

The agreement on space is for exploration and utilization of outer-space for peaceful purposes.

She is accompanied by a high-level delegation, including the Minister of Agriculture and Women Empowerment and a business delegation.

Bachelet will also visit Agra and Chennai. (ANI)

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Rising climate warning affecting stability of West Antarctic Ice Sheet

March 19, 2009 By admin Leave a Comment

Washington, March 19 (ANI): New evidence has emerged which determines that even a slight rise in atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, one of the gases that drives global warming, affects the stability of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS).

The massive WAIS covers the continent on the Pacific side of the Transantarctic Mountains. Any substantial melting of the ice sheet would cause a rise in global sea levels.

The evidence was collected by a 56-member team of scientists, which conducted a research on a 1,280-meter (4,100-foot)-long sedimentary rock core taken from beneath the sea floor under Antarctica’s Ross Ice Shelf during the first project of the ANDRILL (ANtarctic geological DRILLing) research program.

“The sedimentary record from the ANDRILL project provides scientists with an important analogue that can be used to help predict how ice shelves and the massive WAIS will respond to future global warming over the next few centuries,” said Ross Powell, a professor of geology at Northern Illinois University.

“The sedimentary record indicates that under global warming conditions that were similar to those projected to occur over the next century, protective ice shelves could shrink or even disappear and the WAIS would become vulnerable to melting,” he added.

“If the current warm period persists, the ice sheet could diminish substantially or even disappear over time. This would result in a potentially significant rise in sea levels,” he further added.

According to Tim Naish, director of Victoria University of Wellington’s Antarctic Research Centre, the new information gleaned from the core shows that changes in the tilt of Earth’s rotational axis has played a major role in ocean warming that has driven repeated cycles of growth and retreat of the WAIS for the period in Earth’s history between 3 million and 5 million years ago.

“It also appears that when atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations reached 400 parts per million around four million years ago, the associated global warming amplified the effect of the Earth’s axial tilt on the stability of the ice sheet,” he said.

“Carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is again approaching 400 parts per million,” Naish added.

According to Naish, “Geological archives, such as the ANDRILL core, highlight the risk that a significant body of permanent Antarctic ice could be lost within the next century as Earth’s climate continues to warm.”

“Based on ANDRILL data combined with computer models of ice sheet behavior, collapse of the entire WAIS is likely to occur on the order of 1,000 years, but recent studies show that melting has already begun,” he added. (ANI)

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Media Advisory: Fraser Institute’s Annual Survey of Mining Companies to be Released Thursday, April 15

Media Advisory: Fraser Institute’s Annual Survey of Mining Companies to be Released Thursday, April 15

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