First man on the moon Armstrong says Obama is ”poorly advised” on space

Washington, May 13 (ANI): Appearing before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation here, Neil Armstrong, the first man to walk on the moon (in 1969), has said that President Barack Obama is “poorly advised” on space matters.

Armstrong said the Obama administration’s plan to end the Constellation program and cut other space efforts appeared to be made without input from NASA or the president”s science adviser.

“I have yet to find a person in NASA, the Defense Department, the Air Force, the National Academies, industry, or academia that had any knowledge of the plan prior to its announcement,” the Apollo 11 commander told the committee, according to Politico.

Armstrong said the United States “has invested substantially for more than half a century to acquire a position of leadership in space” but that “to maintain a leadership position requires steadfast determination and a continuing investment in the future.”

He added: “If the leadership we have acquired through our investment is allowed simply to fade away, other nations will surely step in where we have faltered. I do not believe that this would be in our best interests.” (ANI)

Scientists unravel chemistry of Titan’s hazy atmosphere

Washington, September 16 (ANI): In a new research, a team of scientists has unraveled the chemical evolution of the orange-brownish colored atmosphere of Saturn’s moon Titan, the only solar system body besides Venus and Earth with a solid surface and thick atmosphere.

Scientists at University of Hawai’i at Manoa carried out the research.

The UH Manoa team, including Xibin Gu and Seol Kim, conducted simulation experiments mimicking the chemical reactions in Titan’s atmosphere utilizing crossed molecular beams in which the consequence of a single collision between molecules can be followed.

The team’s experiments indicate that triacetylene can be formed by a single collision of a “radical” ethynyl molecule and a diacetylene molecule.

An ethynyl radical is produced in Titan’s atmosphere by the photodissociation of acetylene by ultraviolet light.

Photodissociation is a process in which a chemical compound is broken down by photons.

“Surprisingly, the photochemical models show inconsistent mechanisms for the production of polyynes,” said Kaiser, who is the principal investigator of this study.

The mechanism involved in the formation of triacetylene, was also confirmed by accompanying theoretical calculations by Alexander Mebel, a theoretical chemist at Florida International University.

These theoretical computations also provide the 3D distribution of electrons in atoms and thus the overall energy level of a molecule.

To apply these findings to the real atmosphere of Titan, Danie Liang and Yuk Yung, planetary scientists at Taiwan’s Academia Sinica and California Institute of Technology (Caltech), respectively, performed photochemical modeling studies of Titan’s atmosphere.

All data together suggest that triacetylene may serve as a building block to form more complex and longer polyynes and produce potential precursors for the aerosol-based layers of haze surrounding Titan.

The study demonstrated for the first time that a sensible combination of laboratory simulation experiments with theory and modeling studies can shed light on decade old unsolved problems crucial to understand the origin and chemical evolution of the solar system.

The researchers hope to unravel next the mystery of the missing ethane lakes on Titan – postulated to exist for half a century, but not detected conclusively within the framework of the Cassini-Huygens mission.

In the future, the UH Manoa team will combine the research results with terrestrial-based observations of Titan’s atmosphere. (ANI)

‘Mobile ID’ devices herald next generation of biometric gadgets

Washington, August 27 (ANI): Reports indicate that a new generation of small, portable, versatile biometric devices, referred to as ‘Mobile ID’, are flourishing.

These devices gather, process and transmit an individual’s biometric data, which includes fingerprints, facial and iris images.

They were developed by NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) researchers working with first responders, criminal justice agencies, the military, industry and academia.

Previous work on standards for these biometric devices has focused primarily on getting different stationary and desktop systems with hardwired processing pathways to work together in an interoperable manner.

But, a new generation of small, portable and versatile biometric devices are raising new issues for interoperability.

“The proliferation of smaller devices including advanced personal digital assistants (PDAs), ultra-portable personal computers and high-speed cellular networks has made portable biometric systems a reality,” said computer scientist Shahram Orandi.

“While the portable systems have made leaps and bounds in terms of capability, there are still intrinsic limitations that must be factored into the big picture to ensure interoperability with the larger, more established environments such as desktop or large server-based systems,” he added.

The new mobile biometric devices allow first responders, police, the military and criminal justice organizations to collect biometric data with a handheld device on a street corner or in a remote area and then wirelessly send it to be compared to other samples on watch lists and databases in near real-time.

Identities can be determined quickly without having to take a subject to a central facility to collect his or her biometrics, which is not always possible.

Soldiers are beginning to use these devices to control access to secured areas, and first responders can use them to ensure that only approved workers are on-site during an incident or investigation. (ANI)

Nepal PM visits Rajghat

New Delhi, Aug.19 (ANI): Nepal Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal, who is on a five-day official visit to India, visited Rajghat, the memorial dedicated to Mahatma Gandhi, on Wednesday.

Later, Nepal will meet External Affairs Minister S.M.Krishna at the Hotel Oberoi. He will proceed to meet President Pratibha Patil for about 30-minutes.

He will also attend and address a business luncheon meeting hosted jointly by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) and the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry (ASSOCHAM).

On Wednesday evening, he will call on Vice President Mohammad Hamid Ansari at the latter’s official residence and will meet UPA Chairperson Sonia Gandhi at her 10, Janpath residence.

Thereafter, he will proceed to Hyderbad House for delegation level talks with Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. A signing of bilateral agreements will follow the meeting. Although the Pancheshwar multi-purpose project will be discussed, no specific agreement will be signed.

The main opposition CPN (Maoist) has warned the government not to sign any agreement related to the Pancheshwar project without a consensus.

On Thursday, Nepal will meet Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee and Union Home Minister P. Chidambaram.

In the evening, he will address a meeting of intellectuals and academia at the India International Centre.

He will leave for a day-long visit to Mumbai on Friday and will return to Kathmandu on Saturday afternoon.(ANI)

Scientists call for measures to enable safe design of nanomaterials

Washington, June 21 (ANI): A new research has called for measures to enable safe design of nanomaterials because of the increased likelihood of people coming into direct contact with these materials in recent times.

The recent explosion in the development of nanomaterials with enhanced performance characteristics for use in commercial and medical applications has increased the chances of people coming into direct contact with these materials.

There are currently more than 800 products on the market, including clothes, skin lotions and cleaning products, claiming to have at least one nanocomponent, and therapeutic nanocarriers have been designed for targeted drug delivery inside the human body.

Human exposure to nanomaterials, which are smaller than one one-thousandth the diameter of a human hair, raises some important questions, including whether these “nano-bio” interactions could have adverse health effects.

Now, researchers at UCLA and the California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), along with colleagues in academia and industry, have taken a proactive role in examining the current understanding of the nano-bio interface to identify the potential risks of engineered nanomaterials and to explore design methods that will lead to safer and more effective nanoparticles for use in a variety of treatments and products.

In a research review, the team provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on the physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials that allow them to undergo interactions with biological molecules and bioprocesses.

“What we have established here is a blueprint that will serve to educate the first generation of nanobiologists,” said Dr. Andre Nel, leader of the team.

The review article examines the variety of ways in which nanomaterials interface with biological systems and presents a roadmap of the physical and chemical properties of the materials that could lead to potentially hazardous or advantageous interactions at the nano-bio interface.

A better understanding of the biological impact, combined with appropriate stewardship, will allow for more informed decisions about design features for the safe use of nanotechnology.

“We are committed to ensuring that nanotechnology is introduced and implemented in a responsible and safe manner,” said Nel.

“Based on our rapidly improving understanding of nano-bio interactions, we have done a thorough examination of the literature and our own research progress to identify measures that could be taken for safe design of nanomaterials,” he added.

“Not only will this improve the implementation and acceptance of this technology, but it will also provide the cornerstone of developing new and improved nanoscale therapeutic devices, such as drug-delivering nanoparticles,” he explained. (ANI)

Govt. to act ruthlessly against malpractices in defence contracts: Antony

New Delhi, May 27 (ANI): In the toughest ever message yet to be issued by a Defence Minister to stem corruption in armed forces procurements, A K Antony today said the Government “would not hesitate to ruthlessly cancel contracts,” if malpractices are found in any acquisition.

Antony asked organisations such as the CII and the FICCI, etc to help the government to maintain transparency and integrity in defence contracts, and added that the government would not tolerate “wheeling dealing or corruption.”

“We are determined that we need procurements, (but) we cannot compromise on transparency. At times, we have found certain manipulations, malpractices; we cannot ignore that so we ruthlessly cancelled certain major ticket items.”

“In the future also if there are any malpractices we will not be lenient, we will take the harsh lane,” Antony further said.

The government cancelled at least two defence deals during Antony’s previous tenure as Defence Minister, including the Eurocopter light utility helicopter deal owing to some malpractices.

Signifying the government’s assurance in rooting out corruption and to give a strong warning to private contractors, Antony added, ” They should not try to bribe our people. We will not be lenient. We will take strong action.”

The Defence Minister was speaking at Defcom India 2009 seminar themed on “Informatics for Defence Transformation and Technology Development in the Information Age”.

The seminar saw participation of over 400 delegates and 100 plus companies.

Antony said the Government has consciously taken a decision to minimise the country’s dependence on import of defence systems and platforms, and agreed that more products should be sourced on the basis of “buy and make” rather than ‘buy’ category alone.

He lamented that nearly 70 percent of defence weapons and systems are still being imported and only 30 percent are being indigenously produced.

Antony said the turbulence in our immediate neighbourhood puts the political stability in our country in an even better perspective.

He said the need to modernise our defence forces to preserve our territorial integrity in the face of asymmetric and unconventional means of warfare couldn’t be overemphasised.

Antony called for a synergy of efforts of the armed forces, the industry, the academia and research and development establishments to transform our defence forces to a network centric force.

The transformation of defence forces is a continuous process, and the overall aim should be to bring about sustained competitive advantages in warfare, Antony said.

Referring to the new challenges before the Armed Forces, both in terms of the concepts involved and the material needed, Antony said it is neither possible nor feasible to have equipment and systems on stand-by for all conceivable variants of modern military conflicts. By Praful Kumar Singh (ANI)

US should increase commitment to improve health of developing nations, says report

Washington, May 22 (ANI): A new report has said that the United States of America should reaffirm and increase its commitment to improving the health of developing nations.

The report, from the Institute of Medicine, determines that the United States should increase its funding for overseas disease prevention and treatment to 15 billion dollars per year by 2012 to achieve this goal.

In addition, scale-up of existing preventive and therapeutic interventions and a boost in research on health problems that are endemic to low- and middle-income countries will be required.

The U.S. government, along with other nations, academia, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), private foundations, and other partners, should lead efforts to build the health care work forces and facilities in resource-limited countries.

Many have critical deficits that hamper delivery of care even when it is available.

The report adds that public and private donors need to engage individuals and organizations in these nations as respected partners to ensure accountability and sustainability of aid initiatives.

The committee that wrote the report supports US President Obama’s recent announcement of plans to make health a pillar of U.S. foreign policy, a recommendation the committee made in its interim report released in December.

According to the new report, the president should underscore this commitment by creating a White House Interagency Committee on Global Health headed by a senior White House official to plan, prioritize, and coordinate budgeting for the nation’s global health programs and activities.

“It is crucial for the reputation of the United States that we live up to our humanitarian responsibilities and assist low-income countries in safeguarding the health of their poorest citizens despite current pressures on our economy,” said committee co-chair Thomas R. Pickering, vice chairman, Hills and Co., Washington, D.C., and former undersecretary of state for political affairs.

“America should act in the global interest, recognizing that long-term diplomatic, economic, and security benefits will follow,” he added.

“The U.S. government and American foundations, companies, universities, and nongovernmental organizations together have an unprecedented opportunity to improve the health of millions,” said co-chair Harold Varmus, president, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, and former director of the National Institutes of Health.

“Now more than ever, the knowledge and technologies to tackle the health problems of developing nations are within reach. A new generation of philanthropists, students, scientists, and business leaders is eager to make a difference in our global community,” he added. (ANI)

9.9 Media co-founder selected for FORTUNE, US State Dept. Global Women’s Mentoring Program

New Delhi, Apr 8 (ANI/Business Wire India): Anuradha Das Mathur, one of the founders of 9.9 Media, has been selected for the prestigious FORTUNE magazine and US State Department Global Women’s Mentoring Program.

This unique program combines the study of U.S. business culture with a working mentorship program that enables talented, emerging women business leaders across the globe to spend a month in the U.S. to enhance their capabilities and propel their careers forward.

Top American female executives – FORTUNE’s Most Powerful Women – mentor these emerging leaders to support them in their professional growth. FORTUNE Most Powerful Women Summit and the U.S. State Department established the Global Women’s Mentoring Partnership in May 2006.

Mathur will join 35 rising star women from around the world for the 2009 FORTUNE program slated to take place from April 26 to May 21. The program participants are fully funded by their mentor’s company.

The three-phase program opens with an orientation session in Washington, DC, where the participants meet with senior women in government, academia and business to discuss the importance of public-private partnerships, learn of American best practices in business and government and engage in interactive leadership and communications training sessions.

The international participants are then paired with one of FORTUNE’s Most Powerful Women Leaders from companies like Time, Inc., Avon, Xerox, Wal-Mart, Microsoft, and Exxon Mobil in cities across the United States.

For three weeks, American and international participants work together in mentoring relationships to share the skills and experiences necessary for strengthening women’s leadership.

Throughout the mentorship process, participants shadow a powerful woman leader and take away best practices that they can apply to their professional lives at home. The program concludes in New York City, where the participants have meetings with Goldman Sachs, Solera Capital, and Good Morning America, and to discuss lessons learned and plans for future activities.

There are now 84 FORTUNE/State Department alumnae around the world.

Mathur co-founded 9.9 Media with four other colleagues in September 2007. She is a graduate of Lady Sri Ram College, University of Delhi, and has an MA in Economics from Trinity College, Cambridge University.

She will be mentored by Patricia Fili-Krushel, who is Executive Vice President of Administration of Time Warner Inc. and is one of its senior coporate officers. Before joining Time Warner in July 2001, Fili-Krushel was CEO of WebMD Health and President at ABC Television Network. Last year, Suma Krishnaswamy, founder of Bangalore-based Cambium Biotechnologies, was selected for the program from India and mentored with Diane Gulyas, Group Vice President, DuPont Performance Materials. (ANI)

Delhi summit seeks collaborative approach to combat climate change

New Delhi, Feb.8 (ANI-Business Wire): Sending out a clear message to the global community that scientific evidence of climate change has become stronger and more compelling, the Ninth Delhi Sustainable Development Summit (DSDS) organised by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) concluded that climate change will leave no part of the globe untouched.

The summit called for a global concerted effort to enable transition to low carbon economies, and enhance adaptive capacities of vulnerable communities through sustainable financing mechanisms and technological resources.

The need of the hour is to intensify global cooperation to redefine clear responsibilities to ensure achievement of concrete results in Copenhagen.

Themed ‘Towards Copenhagen: an equitable and ethical approach’ the DSDS 2009 saw participation of stakeholders from various parts of the world comprising of Head of States, representatives from multilateral and bilateral development organisations, governments, the corporate sector, non-governmental organisations, academia, Nobel Laureates and research institutions.

The three-day summit (February 5-7 2009) explored options for an ethics based framework for future climate regime addressing adaptation and mitigation challenges, especially in the developing countries and the Africa region. On the adaptation front, the summit explored priorities, capacity building needs and adaptation measures in Asia and Africa.

African leaders, especially the Prime Minister of Ethiopia, leaders from Mozambique, Mali and Rwanda stressed that without the financial support from the developed world, climate change and humanitarian dimensions in their part of the world cannot be addressed.

Some of the strategies in their national action plans to combat climate change include mobilisation of financial resources for adaptation measures, creation of environmental infrastructure, simplification of CDM procedures, transfer of technologies, and measures for addressing the impact on health from climate change.

There was also an overwhelming affirmation that the promises of development aid to Africa from the developed world have not been fulfilled. Hence these countries explored the possibility of a – South cooperation with Indian and China, which have more appropriate experience and technologies to share.

The summit also had ministerial presence from over two dozen countries where thought-provoking discussions on the politics of global cooperation in combating climate change were addressed.

Ministers from UAE, Japan, India, Germany, Norway, Egypt, Bhutan, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Sweden and Finland stressed on creating a timely shared vision — based on the tenets of common but differentiated responsibility, and a need of cooperation amongst ministers of environment and finance towards creating a negotiated consensus on more carbon-efficient economies.

Nobel Laureates Kofi Annan, Mario J Molina and Dr James A Mirrlees highlighted the mechanisms for effective commitment and agreement, and the financial challenges in the ‘road to Copenhagen’. CEO’s and business leaders from across the globe also identified the best practices and the ways forward for participation of the business community in tackling the issues of climate change, more so in the context of the current economic downturn. (ANI)

Pak-US relations no longer transactional: Haqqani

Washington, Jan 19 (ANI): Pakistan Ambassador to the US Husain Haqqani, has said that his country’s relationship with Washington is no longer transactional, and added that they are now long-term and strategic in nature.

Addressing a gathering of intellectuals, think-tank members and academia at the Nixon Centre here, Haqqani said: “The new US Administration and the democratic Government in Pakistan have common stance on how the two countries should cooperate not only in the fight against terrorism but also in the fields of education, health, trade and infrastructure building.”

In this context, he referred to the proposed Biden-Lugar legislation “that seeks to significantly expand the economic assistance for Pakistan over a decade”, and said it represents the nature of future long-term strategic partnership between the two countries.

The News quoted Haqqani as saying that Pakistan was undergoing a huge transformation from the dictatorship to democracy.

“The decision-making process may be slow but once a policy is formulated, it carries with it the will of the people. It has been the government’s policy to take all national political entities into confidence on important issues confronting Pakistan today,” he said.

On terrorism, Haqqani said: “The new political Government in Pakistan has given ownership to the fight against terrorism and considers it as the Pakistan’s fight. Now the entire nation backs the government’s move to flush out terrorists from its border areas.”

“The leadership in both Pakistan and Afghanistan has a shared vision that terrorism can only be defeated with a comprehensive strategy that includes military, political and economic elements,” he added. (ANI)